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Last update:
9 February 2010

© John Benjamins
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When Listeners Talk

Response tokens and listener stance

Cover image
Rod Gardner
University of Melbourne

2001. xxii, 281 pp.
Publishing status: Available

HardboundIn stock
978 90 272 5111 4 / EUR 115.00
978 1 58811 093 0 / USD 173.00
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e-BookAvailable from e-book platforms
978 90 272 9742 6 / EUR 115.00 / USD 173.00
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Listeners are usually considered recipients in conversational interaction, whose main activity is to take in messages from other speakers. In this view, the listening activity is separate from speaking. Another view is that listeners and speakers are equal co-participants in conversations who construct the talk together. In support of this latter view, one finds a group of vocalisations which are quintessentially listener talk — little conversational objects such as uh-huh, oh, mm, yeah, right and mm-hm. These utterances do not have meanings in a conventional dictionary sense, but are nevertheless loaded with complex and subtle information about the stance listeners take to what they are hearing, information that is gleaned not only from their phonetic form, but also from their complex prosodic shape and their placement and timing within the flow of talk. This book summarises eight of these objects, and explores one, mm, in depth.


Table of contents

Acknowledgements
ix
Transcription Notation
xi
1. Introduction
1
2. A Review of Response Tokens
13
3. Five types of Mm: The non-response tokens
65
4. From continuer to acknowledgement token: Mm as a token between Mm hm and Yeah
99
5. The Weakness of Mm: Topic disalignment and zero projection
133
6. Intonation contour and the use of Mm
187
7. Summary and future directions
251
Notes
257
Bibliography
269


Reading this monograph, I cannot help but marvel at the author's insights into something that is so seemingly trivial but that is so omnipresent in everyday interaction. When listeners talk, I believe, is one of the most comprehensive accounts of response tokens to date.
Bingyn Li, Fujian Teachers University, in Language Vol. 79:4 (2003)

Garner's thorough analysis of 'Mm' will set standard for future work in this area.
Colin Fraser, Edinburgh University, UK

[...] this is an interesting book to read and study. One does not usually consider such utterances in studies within the field of phonetics, but as they are part of human oral communication their study is fully justified. Indeed, this study has been able to reveal their communcative functions, not only from the point of view of pragmatics or discourse studies but also for phonetics and phonetic considerations.
Judith Rosenhouse, Dept. of Humanities and Arts, Technion - I.I.T., Haifa, Israel, in The Phonetician, Nr. 89 (2004-I)

[...] the book is well written. Although the complexity inherent in analysing minimal response tokens is evident. Gardner successfully guides the reader through different analyses. The book is also useful in providing an overview of previous research into minimal response tokens. It will hopefully become a key reference for researchers interested in analysing such tokens in more detail.
Johanna Rendle-Short, Australian National University, in Discourse Studies Vol. 6:2