This study challenges the traditional ideology that script choice is necessary in differentiating Urdu and Hindi. Based on written data, interviews, and ethnographic observations, it is demonstrated that Muslims no longer consider Arabic script as a crucial element of Urdu, nor do they see Devanagari as completely opposite to their identity. It argued that via the strategies of phonetic and orthographic transliteration, Muslims are making Urdu-in-Devanagari divergent from Hindi, although the difference is much more subtle. The very structure of a writing system also appears partially socially constructed.