The literature suggests that animacy effects in present-day spoken New Zealand English (NZE) differ from animacy effects in other varieties of English. We seek to determine if such differences have a history in earlier NZE writing or not. We revisit two grammatical phenomena — progressives and genitives — that are well known to be sensitive to animacy effects, and we study these phenomena in corpora sampling 19th- and early 20th-century written NZE; for reference purposes, we also study parallel samples of 19th- and early 20th-century British English and American English. We indeed find significant regional differences between early New Zealand writing and the other varieties in terms of the effect that animacy has on the frequency and probabilities of grammatical phenomena.
2015. Generating data as a proxy for unavailable corpus data: the contextualized sentence completion task. Corpus Linguistics and Linguistic Theory 11:1
Hackert, Stephanie & Diana Wengler
2022. Recent Grammatical Change in Postcolonial Englishes: A Real-time Study of Genitive Variation in Caribbean and Indian News Writing. Journal of English Linguistics 50:1 ► pp. 3 ff.
Heller, Benedikt, Tobias Bernaisch & Stefan Th. Gries
2017. Empirical perspectives on two potential epicenters: The genitive alternation in Asian Englishes. ICAME Journal 41:1 ► pp. 111 ff.
Heller, Benedikt, Benedikt Szmrecsanyi & Jason Grafmiller
2017. Stability and Fluidity in Syntactic Variation World-Wide. Journal of English Linguistics 45:1 ► pp. 3 ff.
Huber, Magnus
2019. Unearthing the Diachrony of World Englishes. In The Cambridge Handbook of World Englishes, ► pp. 484 ff.
2019. Corpus-Based Approaches to World Englishes. In The Cambridge Handbook of World Englishes, ► pp. 506 ff.
Hundt, Marianne, Paula Rautionaho & Carolin Strobl
2020. Progressive or simple? A corpus-based study of aspect in World Englishes. Corpora 15:1 ► pp. 77 ff.
JANKOWSKI, BRIDGET L. & SALI A. TAGLIAMONTE
2014. On the genitive's trail: data and method from a sociolinguistic perspective. English Language and Linguistics 18:2 ► pp. 305 ff.
Noël, Dirk, Bertus van Rooy & Johan van der Auwera
2014. Diachronic Approaches to Modality in World Englishes. Journal of English Linguistics 42:1 ► pp. 3 ff.
Rickman, Paul & Juhani Rudanko
2023.
Facing Two Ways Syntactically: On the Grammar and Use of
Promise
and
Threaten
in Three Regional Varieties
. English Studies 104:2 ► pp. 365 ff.
RODRÍGUEZ LOURO, CELESTE & THOMAS HARRIS
2013. Evolution with an attitude: the grammaticalisation of epistemic/evidential verbs in Australian English. English Language and Linguistics 17:3 ► pp. 415 ff.
ROSENBACH, ANETTE
2014. English genitive variation – the state of the art. English Language and Linguistics 18:2 ► pp. 215 ff.
Röthlisberger, Melanie, Jason Grafmiller & Benedikt Szmrecsanyi
2017. Cognitive indigenization effects in the English dative alternation. Cognitive Linguistics 28:4
Nuria Yáñez-Bouza, Emma Moore, Linda van Bergen & Willem B. Hollmann
2019. Categories, Constructions, and Change in English Syntax,
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