According to the thinking-for-speaking (TFS) hypothesis, speakers of different languages think differently while in the process of mentally preparing content for speech. The aim of the present paper is to critically discuss the research carried out within the TFS paradigm, against the background of the basic tenets laid out by the proponents of this framework. We will show that despite substantial progress in the investigation of crosslinguistic differences in the organisation of information in discourse, the studies that actually examine the cognitive aspects of speech production are, to date, vanishingly few. This state of affairs creates a gap in our knowledge about the thought processes that co-occur with speech production during language use and acquisition. We will argue that in order to reach a more comprehensive picture of the cognitive processes and outcomes of speech production, methodologies additional to the analysis of information organisation must be used.
2023. Linguistic cognition and worldview. Acta Linguistica Hafniensia 55:sup1 ► pp. 189 ff.
Wang, Yi & Li Wei
2022. Thinking and Speaking in a Second Language,
Pae, Hye K., Jing Sun, Xiao Luo, Haiyang Ai, Fengyang Ma, Nan Yang & Detong Xia
2021. Linguocultural cognition manifested in spoken narratives in L2 English by native Chinese and Korean speakers. Journal of Cultural Cognitive Science 5:3 ► pp. 345 ff.
Jäggi, Tiziana, Sayaka Sato, Christelle Gillioz & Pascal Mark Gygax
2020. An Interdisciplinary Approach to Understanding the Psychological Impact of Different Grammaticalizations of the Future. Journal of Cognition 3:1
Vernich, Luca AT
2019. Does learning a foreign language affect object categorization in native speakers of a language with grammatical gender? The case of Lithuanian speakers learning three languages with different types of gender systems (Italian, Russian and German).. International Journal of Bilingualism 23:2 ► pp. 417 ff.
Koster, Dietha & Teresa Cadierno
2018. Is perception of placement universal? A mixed methods perspective on linguistic relativity. Lingua 207 ► pp. 23 ff.
2017. Above, on, or shang (上)? Language and spatial representations among English–Mandarin bilinguals. Attention, Perception, & Psychophysics 79:8 ► pp. 2235 ff.
Montero‐Melis, Guillermo, T. Florian Jaeger & Emanuel Bylund
2016. Thinking Is Modulated by Recent Linguistic Experience: Second Language Priming Affects Perceived Event Similarity. Language Learning 66:3 ► pp. 636 ff.
Wessel-Tolvig, Bjørn & Patrizia Paggio
2016. Revisiting the thinking-for-speaking hypothesis: Speech and gesture representation of motion in Danish and Italian. Journal of Pragmatics 99 ► pp. 39 ff.
Cook, Vivian
2015. Discussing the Language and Thought of Motion in Second Language Speakers. The Modern Language Journal 99:S1 ► pp. 154 ff.
Bylund, Emanuel & Panos Athanasopoulos
2014. Linguistic Relativity in SLA: Toward a New Research Program. Language Learning 64:4 ► pp. 952 ff.
Bylund, Emanuel & Panos Athanasopoulos
2015. Introduction: Cognition, Motion Events, and SLA. The Modern Language Journal 99:S1 ► pp. 1 ff.
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