Language and discourse are inextricably linked in the establishment of power and hegemony. In a globalized world, the power emanating from hegemonic centres that control communication and information systems is indisputable. The field of Translation Studies is not immune to such influence. Since it was developed and expanded in the West, mainly in Europe, Translation Studies discourse reflects its origins. In this article, the author will first characterize Eurocentrist and Latin Americanist discourses and then study four Eurocentric biases noticeable in the treatment of the history of Latin American translation: (1) the ‘civilizing task’ of missionaries; (2) the ‘interculturation’ and understanding of ‘métissage’ and ‘transculturation’ notions; (3) the concept of ‘empathy’ with native peoples; and (4) the perspective and rescue of native languages by evangelistic religious orders. To discuss these biases, he will draw on the prototypical article by Vega Cernuda.