This encyclopedia is a reference work for readers interested in engaging with the phenomenon of translation in all its modes and in relation to a wide range of theoretical and methodological traditions. This edition features 132 entries and offers overviews of topics such as authorship, canonization, conquest, cosmopolitanism, crowdsourced translation, dubbing, fan audiovisual translation, genetic criticism, healthcare interpreting, hybridity, intersectionality, legal interpreting, media interpreting, memory, multimodality, nonprofessional interpreting, note-taking, orientalism, paratexts, thick translation, war and world literature. Each entry ends with a set of annotated references for further reading.