“The story of the Latin edition of the early volumes [of Philosophical Transactions] is a complex one and not easy to reconstruct” (Kronick 2004). The lengthiest available account (Johns 1998) is based on the edition of the Oldenburg-Sand correspondence by Hall and Hall (1973–1977). This chapter engages with the primary texts involved and provides a substantially revised account of the Neo-Latin translation of Philosophical Transactions, challenging previous assumptions and also revealing the presence of theologically heterodox material.