There is a phenomenon that characterizes almost all Italian dialects: bilingualism. In Italy, most of the speakers, are very used to move from their language (standard) to their dialect (local speech) and vice versa according to the interlocutor and the region, or depending on the context and the argument treated. Nowadays, the role played by dialects isn’t that of the linguistic code, which were antagonistic to the language, but rather it is an "alternative" (socially accepted) to speakers. Moreover, the dialect in Italy, has become an important mediator in the process of "adaptation" towards a global society. Studying all the phenomenon related to bilingualism and analyzing the importance of translating texts containing elements from local languages proofs the vitality, the significance and the role such dialects have in the development of any culture. The success of Andrea Camilleri´s literature, inside and outside Italy, explains it all.