Tõlkesotsioloogia [Sociology of translation]

Michaela Wolf
University of Graz
tõlkija Maarja Merioja & Terje Loogus
Sisukord

Sotsioloogilised lähenemisviisid tõlkimisele põhinevad arusaamal, et tõlkimine on tegevus, mida tugevalt mõjutavad sotsiaalsed tegurid. Püüe mõista sotsiaalse praktikana käsitletava tõlkimise alusmehhanisme on andnud tõuke mitme analüüsivahendi väljatöötamiseks, mille eesmärk on aidata selgitada erinevaid aspekte, mis suuremas plaanis puudutavad tõlkimise kaasamist laiemasse sotsiaalsesse konteksti ja konkreetsemalt tõlkimise sotsiaalset loomust. Uued käsitlused pööravad tähelepanu erinevatele uurimisvaldkondadele, mida seni on kas vähe uuritud ja/või vähe teoreetiliselt käsitletud: koolitusasutused, töötingimused, kutseliidud ja nende sotsiaalne roll, tõlkimise eetika (ethics) küsimused, tõlkide ja tõlkijate (auto)biograafiad, laiapõhjalisemad käsitlused, nagu tõlkimine maailmaturul, tõlkimise sotsiaalpoliitilised aspektid, tõlkimine ja selle roll aktivismis (vt Committed approaches and activism), ja mitmed muud. Uuritud on väga erinevaid valdkondi alates kirjandustõlkest kuni pragmaatilise tõlkimise, lokaliseerimise (localization), viipekeeletõlke (sign language interpreting), kohtutõlke ja avaliku teenistuse tõlkimiseni (vt Community interpreting).

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