Tõlketeaduse pöörded [The turns of Translation Studies]

Mary Snell-Hornby
University of Vienna
tõlkija Kadri Sildmets
Sisukord

Kui mõelda mõistele „pööre“ keeleuuringute valdkonnas, tuleb tänapäeval ilmselt esimese asjana meelde keeleteaduses 1970. aastatel toimunud „pragmaatiline pööre“. Praegu mõistetakse seda kui selget eemaldumist generatiivse transformatsioonigrammatika abstraktsetest ja jäikadest dogmadest, mis ei arvestanud ühegi „keelevälise reaalsuse“ aspektiga, ja pöördumist praktilisema, avatud ja paindliku lähenemise poole, mille järgi keel on tegevus ja seotud nii ümbritseva maailma kui ka konkreetse olukorraga. Üks pragmaatilise pöörde peamisi saavutusi oli tollal revolutsiooniline kõneaktiteooria. Uus lähenemine arvestas ka keele sotsiaalsete ja kommunikatiivsete külgedega ning viis tekstilingvistika tekkeni. See kõik pani aluse hilisemale tõlketeadusele.

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