Cover not available

In:Nordic Literature: A comparative history: Volume II: Figural nodes
Edited by Steven P. Sondrup, Mark B. Sandberg, Nathaniel Kramer, Christopher Oscarson, Linda Haverty Rugg and Karin Sanders
[Comparative History of Literatures in European Languages 38] 2026
► pp. 666683

References (56)
Works cited
Ásdís Egilsdóttir. “Kolbítur verður karlmaður.” Miðaldabörn. Ed. Ármann Jakobsson and Torfi Tulinius. Reykjavík: Hugvísindastofnun Háskóla Íslands, 2005. 87–100.Google Scholar logo with link to Google Scholar
Beowulf: A New Verse Translation. Bilingual Edition. Trans. Seamus Heaney. New York; London: W. W. Norton & Company, 2001.Google Scholar logo with link to Google Scholar
Boberg, Inger M.Die Sage von Vermund und Uffe.” Acta Philologica Scandinavica 16 (1942–1943): 129–57.Google Scholar logo with link to Google Scholar
Boethius. De Consolatione Philosophiae; Opuscula Theologica. Ed. Claudio Moreschini. Monachii, Munich: K. G. Saur, 2000.Google Scholar logo with link to Google Scholar
Bragg, Lois. “Telling Silence: Alingualism in Old Icelandic Myth, Legend, and Saga.” Journal of Indo-European Studies 32.3 and 4 (2004): 267–95.Google Scholar logo with link to Google Scholar
Bruce, Scott G.The Tongue is a Fire: The Discipline of Silence in Early Medieval Monasticism (400–1100).” The Hands of the Tongue: Essays on Deviant Speech. Ed. Edwin D. Craun. Studies in Medieval Culture XLVII. Kalamazoo, MI: Medieval Institute Publications, 2007. 3–32.Google Scholar logo with link to Google Scholar
Christiansen, Eric. “Introduction.” The Works of Sven Aggesen: Twelfth Century Danish Historian. Trans. Eric Christiansen. University College London: Viking Society for Northern Research, 1992. 1–30.Google Scholar logo with link to Google Scholar
The Desert Fathers. Ed. and Trans. Benedicta Ward. Trans. Helen Waddell. New York: Penguin Classics, 2003.Google Scholar logo with link to Google Scholar
Dicta Catonis; Minor Latin Poets, Vol. II. Trans. J. Wight Duff and Arnold M. Duff. Loeb Classical Library 434. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 1934. 583–640.Google Scholar logo with link to Google Scholar
Edda Kristjánsdóttir. “Ábyrgð fylgir orði hverju.” Þjóðlíf og þjóðtrú: Ritgerðir helgaðar Jóni Hnefli Aðalsteinssyni. Eds. Jón Jónsson et al. Reykjavík: Þjóðsaga, 1998. 29–35.Google Scholar logo with link to Google Scholar
Egils saga Skalla-Grímssonar. Ed. Sigurður Nordal. Íslenzk fornrit 2. Reykjavík: Hið íslenzka fornritafélag, 1933.Google Scholar logo with link to Google Scholar
Egil’s Saga; The Complete Sagas of Icelanders Including 49 Tales. Ed. Viðar Hreinsson. Trans. Bernard Scudder. Vol. 1. Reykjavík: Leifur Eiríksson Publishing, 1997. 33–177.Google Scholar logo with link to Google Scholar
Friis-Jensen, Karsten. “When did Saxo Grammaticus finish his Gesta Danorum? A discussion of its terminus ante quem.” The Creation of Medieval Northern Europe: Christianisation, Social Transformations, and Historiography — Essays in Honour of Sverre Bagge. Ed. Leidulf Melve and Sigbjørn Sønnesyn. Oslo: Dreyer, 2012. 314–21.Google Scholar logo with link to Google Scholar
Gísla saga Súrssonar; Vestfirðinga sǫgur. Ed. Björn K. Þórólfsson and Guðni Jónsson. Íslenzk fornrit 6. Reykjavík: Hið Íslenzka Fornritafélag, 1943. 1–118.Google Scholar logo with link to Google Scholar
Gisli Sursson’s Saga; The Complete Sagas of Icelanders Including 49 Tales. Ed. Viðar Hreinsson. Trans. Martin S. Regal. Vol. 2. Reykjavík: Leifur Eiríksson Publishing, 1997. 1–48.Google Scholar logo with link to Google Scholar
Hauksbók; Vǫluspá. Ed. Jónas Kristjánsson and Vésteinn Ólason. Íslenzk fornrit. Eddukvæði I. Reykjavík: Hið íslenzka fornritafélag, 2014. 308–16.Google Scholar logo with link to Google Scholar
Hávamál. Ed. Jónas Kristjánsson and Vésteinn Ólason. Íslenzk fornrit. Eddukvæði I. Reykjavík: Hið íslenzka fornritafélag, 2014. 322–55.Google Scholar logo with link to Google Scholar
Helgakviða Hjǫrvarðssonar. Ed. Jónas Kristjánsson and Vésteinn Ólason. Íslenzk fornrit. Eddukvæði II. Reykjavík: Hið íslenzka fornritafélag, 2014. 259–69.Google Scholar logo with link to Google Scholar
Hemmingsen, Lars. “By Word of Mouth — The Origins of Danish Legendary History: Studies in European Learned and Popular Traditions of Dacians and Danes before A.D. 1200.” PhD diss., University of Copenhagen, 1996.
Hugsvinnsmál. Ed. Tarrin Wills and Stefanie Würth. Poetry on Christian Subjects: Part 1, The Twelfth and Thirteenth Centuries. Ed. Margaret Clunies Ross. Brepols: Turnhout, 2007. 358–449.Google Scholar logo with link to Google Scholar
Kirby, Ian J. Biblical Quotation in Old Icelandic: Norwegian Religious Literature. Stofnun Árna Magnússonar 9–10. Reykjavík: Stofnun Árna Magnússonar, 1976–80.Google Scholar logo with link to Google Scholar
Knytlinga saga: The History of the Kings of Denmark. Trans. Hermann Pálsson and Paul Edwards. Odense: Odense University Press, 1986.Google Scholar logo with link to Google Scholar
Knýtlinga saga; Danakonunga sǫgur. Ed. Bjarni Guðnason. Íslenzk fornrit 35. Reykjavík: Hið íslenzka fornritafélag, 1982. 91–321.Google Scholar logo with link to Google Scholar
Króka-Refs saga; Kjalnesinga saga. Ed. Jóhannes Halldórsson. Íslenzk fornrit 14. Reykjavík: Hið íslenzka fornritafélag, 1959. 117–60.Google Scholar logo with link to Google Scholar
The Lives of the Two Offas; Beowulf and its analogues. Trans. G. N. Garmonsway and Jacqueline Simpson. New York: E. P. Dutton & co., 1969. 233–37.Google Scholar logo with link to Google Scholar
Morkinskinna. Ed. Ármann Jakobsson and Þórður Ingi Guðjónsson. Íslenzk fornrit. Vol. 23–24. Reykjavík: Hið íslenzka fornritafélag, 2011.Google Scholar logo with link to Google Scholar
Morkinskinna: The Earliest Icelandic Chronicle of the Norwegian Kings (1030–1157). Trans. Theodore Murdock Andersson and Kari Ellen Gade. Islandica 51. Ithaca and London: Cornell University Press, 2000.Google Scholar logo with link to Google Scholar
Pálsson, Hermann. Áhrif Hugsvinnsmála á aðrar fornbókmenntir. Studia Islandica 43. Reykjavík: Bókaútgáfa menningarsjóðs, 1985.Google Scholar logo with link to Google Scholar
Pálsson, Hermann, Ed. Hávamál í ljósi íslenskrar menningar. Reykjavík: Háskólaútgáfan, 1999.Google Scholar logo with link to Google Scholar
The Poem of Helgi Hiorvardsson; The Poetic Edda. Trans. Carolyn Larrington. Revised edition. Oxford World’s Classics. Oxford University Press: Oxford, 2014. 119–27.Google Scholar logo with link to Google Scholar
The Saga of Bishop Thorlak. Trans. Ármann Jakobsson and David Clark. London: Viking Society for Northern Research, 2013Google Scholar logo with link to Google Scholar
The Saga of Ref the Sly; The Complete Sagas of Icelanders Including 49 Tales. Ed. Viðar Hreinsson. Trans. George Clark. Vol. 3. Reykjavík: Leifur Eiríksson Publishing, 1997. 397–420.Google Scholar logo with link to Google Scholar
The Saga of the People of Svarfadardal; The Complete Sagas of Icelanders Including 49 Tales. Ed. Viðar Hreinsson. Trans. Fredrik J. Heinemann. Vol. 4. Reykjavík: Leifur Eiríksson Publishing, 1997. 149–92.Google Scholar logo with link to Google Scholar
Saxo Grammaticus. Gesta Danorum: The History of the Danes. Ed. Karsten Friis-Jensen. Trans. Peter Fisher. Oxford Medieval Texts. Vols. 1–2. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2015.Google Scholar logo with link to Google Scholar
Sayings of the High One; The Poetic Edda. Trans. Carolyne Larrington. Revised edition. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2014. 13–35.Google Scholar logo with link to Google Scholar
Sayings of the Wise-minded One. Ed. Tarrin Wills and Stefanie Würth. Poetry on Christian Subjects. Part 1: The Twelfth and Thirteenth Centuries. Ed. Margaret Clunies Ross. Brepols: Turnhout, 2007. 358–449.Google Scholar logo with link to Google Scholar
Scheungraber, Corinna. Altgermanische und altkeltische Theonyme: Die epigraphische Evidenz aus der Kontaktzone — Ein Handbuch zu ihrer Etymologie. Innsbrucker Beiträge zur Sprachwissenschaft 163. Innsbruck: Institut für Sprachen und Literaturen der Universität Innsbruck, 2020.Google Scholar logo with link to Google Scholar
Schneider, Hermann. Englische Heldensage — Festländische Heldensage in Nordgermanischer und Englischer Überlieferung — Verlorene Heldensage. Germanische Heldensage 2.2. Berlin: de Gruyter, 1934. Google Scholar logo with link to Google Scholar
Schürer, Markus. “Das Reden und Schweigen der Mönche: Zur Wertigkeit des silentium im mittelalterlichen Religiosentum.” Askese und Identität in Spätantike, Mittelalter und Früher Neuzeit. Ed. Werner Röcke and Julia Weitbrecht. Transformationen der Antike 14. Berlin: De Gruyter, 2011. 107–29.Google Scholar logo with link to Google Scholar
The Seeress’s Prophecy (Hauksbók Text); The Poetic Edda. Trans. Carolyn Larrington. Revised edition. Oxford University Press: Oxford, 2014. 274–81Google Scholar logo with link to Google Scholar
Sigurðar saga þǫgla; Late Medieval Icelandic Romances II. Ed. Agnete Loth. Editiones Arnamagnæanæ, series B. Vol. 21. København: Munksgaard, 1963. 93–259.Google Scholar logo with link to Google Scholar
Skovgaard-Petersen, Inge. “Fra sagn til historie og tilbage igen.” Middelalder, metode og medier: Festskrift til Niels Skyum-Nielsen. Eds. Karsten Fledelius et al. København: Museum Tusculanums forlag, 1981. 297–319.Google Scholar logo with link to Google Scholar
Snorri Sturluson. Heimskringla. Ed. Bjarni Aðalbjarnarson. 3 vols. Íslenzk fornrit 26–28. Reykjavík: Hið íslenzka fornritafélag, 1941–51.Google Scholar logo with link to Google Scholar
. Heimskringla: History of the Kings of Norway. Trans. Lee M. Hollander. Austin: University of Texas Press for the American Scandinavian Foundation, 1964. Google Scholar logo with link to Google Scholar
Spakmæli Prospers; AM 677 4° — Four Early Translations of Theological Texts: Gregory the Great’s Gospel Homilies, Gregory the Great’s Dialogues, Prosper’s Epigrams, De XII Abusivis Saeculi. Ed. Andrea de Leeuw Van Weenen. Rit 100. Reykjavík: Stofnun Árna Magnússonar í íslenskum fræðum, 2018. 1r–6v.Google Scholar logo with link to Google Scholar
Stolte, B. H.Die religiösen Verhältnisse in Niedergermanien.” Principat 18.1 Religion (Heidentum: Die religiösen Verhältnisse in den Provinzen). Ed. Wolfgang Haase. Aufstieg und Niedergang der römischen Welt: Geschichte und Kultur Roms im Spiegel der neueren Forschung II. Berlin: De Gruyter, 1987. 591–671.Google Scholar logo with link to Google Scholar
Svarfdœla saga; Eyfirðinga sǫgur. Ed. Jónas Kristjánsson. Íslenzk fornrit 9. Reykjavík: Hið íslenzka fornritafélag, 1956. 127–208.Google Scholar logo with link to Google Scholar
Sven Aggesen. Brevis historia regum Dacie: Scriptores minores historiæ danicæ medii ævi. Ed. M. Cl. Gertz. Vol. 1. København: G. E. C. Gad, 1917. 94–141.Google Scholar logo with link to Google Scholar
. A Short History of the Kings of Denmark; The Works of Sven Aggesen: Twelfth-Century Danish Historian. Trans. Eric Christiansen. University College London: Viking Society for Northern Research, 1992. 48–74.Google Scholar logo with link to Google Scholar
Vitae Offarum Duorum (The Lives of Two Offas). Ed. and Trans. Michael Swanton. Crediton: The Medieval Press, 2010.Google Scholar logo with link to Google Scholar
Vitæ patrum. Heilagra manna søgur: Fortællinger og legender om hellige mænd og kvinder. Ed. C. R. Unger. Vol. 2. Christiania: B. M. Bentzen, 1877. 335–671.Google Scholar logo with link to Google Scholar
The Vulgate Bible: The Poetical Books. Ed. Swift Edgar with Angela M. Kinney. Trans. Douay-Rheims. Vol. 3. Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 2011.Google Scholar logo with link to Google Scholar
Widsith: A Study in Old English Heroic Legend. Ed. R. W. Chambers. New York: Russell and Russell, 1965. 187–224.Google Scholar logo with link to Google Scholar
Wolf, Kirsten. “‘Engi er allheimskr, ef þegja má’: Women and Silence in the Sagas and þættir of Icelanders.” Maal og minne 2 (2018): 115–26.Google Scholar logo with link to Google Scholar
Þorláks saga byskups; Biskupa sögur II. Ed. Ásdís Egilsdóttir. Íslenzk fornrit 16. Reykjavík: Hið íslenzka fornritafélag, 2002. 45–99.Google Scholar logo with link to Google Scholar
Österberg, Eva. “Tystnadens strategi: Miljö och mentalitet i de isländska sagorna.” Historisk tidskrift 70.2 (1991): 165–85.Google Scholar logo with link to Google Scholar
Mobile Menu Logo with link to supplementary files background Layer 1 prag Twitter_Logo_Blue