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語言接觸中弱勢語言對強勢語言的影響

以「白普」鼻音韻尾脫落為例

ORCiD logo with link | The Education University of Hong Kong
 | Peking University
 | Peking University
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Article language: Chinese

抽象的
中國雲南大理白語-普通話雙語社區通行的普通話（白普）受到白語干擾，出現鼻音韻尾脫落的特徵，這是弱勢語言（白語）影響強勢語言（普通話）的一種接觸誘發的語言變化。本文采用橫斷面研究設計，對白普鼻音韻尾的產出變異進行考察。數據分析結果顯示，聲調對鼻音韻尾的產出有顯著影響；發音人的語言優勢是影響白普鼻音韻尾脫落的一個重要指標。元音舌位不直接影響鼻音韻尾的產出，但不同聲調對於鼻音韻尾是否脫落的影響卻因元音舌位而出現顯著不同；當音節元音為高舌位元音時，語言優勢對於正確發出鼻音韻尾的作用也更大。此外，聲調與語言優勢的交互作用顯著。這些結果展示了語言因素和社會因素在共同塑造白普鼻音韻尾脫落的相互作用。通過對白普鼻音尾音脫落進行實證分析，本文有助於推動我們對語言接觸理論及其影響的理解，強調利用語言使用者個體層面的多維數據來評估影響語言結構和發展趨勢的多種因素的重要性。
Abstract
The influence of a subordinate language on a dominant language: A case study of nasal coda loss in Bai Pu
The Mandarin variety spoken in Dali, Yunnan of China, known as Bai Pu, exhibits a distinctive linguistic feature of nasal coda loss, a contact-induced change influenced by the subordinate Bai language within the Dali bilingual community. This study examines linguistic and individual factors affecting the variation of nasal codas in Bai Pu using a cross-sectional design. The data analysis reveals that tone significantly impacts the production of nasal codas. The language dominance of speakers emerges as a crucial factor influencing nasal coda loss in Bai Pu. While the tongue position of vowels does not directly affect the production of nasal codas, the effect of different tones on nasal codas loss varies significantly depending on the vowel’s tongue position. Specifically, when the syllabic vowel has a high tongue position, language dominance plays a greater role in nasal coda production. Additionally, the interaction between tone and language dominance emerges as a significant factor influencing nasal coda loss. These findings illustrate the interplay between linguistic and social factors in shaping nasal coda loss patterns in Bai Pu. By empirically investigating nasal coda loss variation in Bai Pu, this study contributes to the theoretical understanding of language contact and its implications. It underscores the importance of leveraging multi-dimensional individual-level data to accurately evaluate factors influencing structural and developmental tendencies of a language at the population level.
Article outline
  • 1.引言
  • 2.白普的鼻音韻尾脫落
  • 3.研究方法
  • 4.研究結果
    • 4.1調查任務的結果描述
    • 4.2語言優勢和語言因素對白普鼻音韻尾脫落的影響
  • 5.結論
  • Acknowledgements
  • Notes
  • References
References (66)
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