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Part of
Nonverbal Predication in Amazonian Languages
Edited by Simon E. Overall, Rosa Vallejos and Spike Gildea
[Typological Studies in Language 122] 2018
► pp. 103–134

Chapter 4
Nonverbal predication in Kari’nja (Cariban, Suriname)

| University of Oklahoma

This paper describes the forms and functions of nonverbal predication in Kari’nja (Cariban, Suriname). Previous descriptions of nonverbal predication in Kari’nja are limited to a single copular form, and make only passing mention of a subset of functions. Kari’nja employs the copula, as well as apposition (without a copula), and a verbal copula. Formally, each of the three nonverbal predicate structures differs in terms of person marking, negation, TAM, number, interrogative forms, and the types of complements it permits. In addition to structural characteristics, each construction differs in terms of which functional categories it encodes. This paper describes the formal properties and functional motivation for using each available construction in Kari’nja. It thereby provides a more complete analysis of the Kari’nja system specifically, examines the typological characteristics of nonverbal predication more generally, and contributes to our understanding of the ways in which systems can vary and change.

Keywords: Kari’nja, nonverbal predication, copula
Article outline
  • 1.Introduction
    • 1.1Nonverbal predicate forms
    • 1.2Functional categories of nonverbal predication
    • 1.3Demographics
  • 2.Kari’nja nonverbal predication
    • 2.1Apposition
      • 2.1.1Apposition: Person and number
      • 2.1.2Apposition: Temporal distinctions
      • 2.1.3Apposition: Interrogative forms
      • 2.1.4Apposition: Negation
      • 2.1.5Apposition: Predicate types
      • 2.1.6Apposition: Functions
    • 2.2Copula
      • 2.2.1Copula: Person and number
      • 2.2.2Copula: Temporal distinctions
      • 2.2.3Copula: Interrogative forms
      • 2.2.4Copula: Negation
      • 2.2.5Copula: Constituent ordering and predicate types
      • 2.2.6Copula: Functions
      • 2.2.7Copula: Additional constructions
    • 2.3Verbal copula
      • 2.3.1Verbal copula: Person and number
      • 2.3.2Verbal copula: Temporal distinctions
      • 2.3.3Verbal copula: Interrogative forms
      • 2.3.4Verbal copula: Negation
      • 2.3.5Verbal copula: Complement types
      • 2.3.6Verbal copula: Functions
      • 2.3.7Verbal copula: Additional constructions
    • 2.4Constructions compared
  • 3.Conclusions and future work
  • Notes
  • Abbreviations
  • References
Published online: 21 August 2018
DOI logo
https://doi.org/10.1075/tsl.122.04sap
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