Miscellaneous published in:
Audiovisual Translation in Applied Linguistics: Educational perspectives
Edited by Laura Incalcaterra McLoughlin, Jennifer Lertola and Noa Talaván
[Benjamins Current Topics 111] 2020
► pp. 32–56

A pedagogical model for integrating film education and audio description in foreign language acquisition

| Manchester Metropolitan University
| Universidad de Sevilla
Films are particularly powerful pedagogical tools that can help improve the linguistic skills of foreign language learners. Audio describing tasks can provide additional benefits. However, for an efficient use of feature films, learners need to be trained on how to elaborate audio description texts and develop active viewing strategies. This article discusses a language teaching approach that advocates the addition of Film Literacy education and audio description tasks to the language curriculum. It focuses on the application of audio description, in both oral and written form, to the acquisition of Spanish as a foreign language in Higher Education. It presents a pedagogical model designed to help students develop linguistic, cultural and intercultural competences while encouraging the aesthetic appreciation of films as cultural objects that can be evaluated through a wide range of critical approaches.
Keywords: film literacy, audio description, language acquisition, pedagogy
Published online: 12 November 2020
https://doi.org/10.1075/bct.111.ttmc.00003.her
References

References

Altman, Rick
1989 The Video Connection: Integrating Video into Language Teaching. Boston, MA: Houghton, Mifflin Company.Google Scholar
Ambròs, Alba, and Ramón Breu
2007 Cine y educación: el cine en el aula de primaria y secundaria. Barcelona: Graó.Google Scholar
Anderson, Jim, and Vicky Macleroy
2016 Multilingual Digital Storytelling. London and New York: Routledge. CrossrefGoogle Scholar
Argüelles Díaz, Alba
2015 Los anuncios en la clase de ELE: una propuesta didáctica. Oviedo: Universidad de Oviedo. MA diss. Accessed October 29, 2017. http://​hdl​.handle​.net​/10651​/33779
Baddock, Barry
1996 Using Films in the English Class. Hertfordshire: Phoenix ELT.Google Scholar
Bahloul, Maher, and Carolyn Graham
eds. 2012 Lights! Camera! Action and the Brain: The Use of Film in Education. Newcastle upon Tyne: Cambridge Scholars.Google Scholar
Baños, Rocío, and Stavroula Sokoli
2015 “Learning Foreign Languages with ClipFlair: Using Captioning and Revoicing Activities to Increase Students’ Motivation and Engagement.” In 10 Years of the LLAS e-Learning Symposium: Case Studies in Good Practice, ed. by Kate Borthwick, Erika Corradini, and Alison Dickens, 203–213. Dublin and Voillans: Research-publishing.net.Google Scholar
Barrett, Martin, Michael Byram, Ildikó Lázár, Pascale Mompoint-Gaillard, and Stavroula Philippou
2014 Developing Intercultural Competence through Education. Strasbourg: Council of Europe Publishing.Google Scholar
Bazalgette, Cary
2009 Impacts of Moving Image Education: A Summary of Research. Glasgow: Scottish Screen.Google Scholar
Bird, Stephen A., and John N. Williams
2002 “The Effect of Bimodal Input on Implicit and Explicit Memory: An Investigation into the Benefits of Within-language Subtitling.” Applied Psycholinguistics 23 (4): 509–533. CrossrefGoogle Scholar
Borghetti, Claudia
2011 “Intercultural Learning through Subtitling: The Cultural Studies Approach.” In Audiovisual Translation Subtitles and Subtitling. Theory and Practice, ed. by Laura Incalcaterra McLoughlin, Marie Biscio, and Máire Áine Ní Mhainnín, 111–138. Bern: Peter Lang.Google Scholar
Borrás, Isabel, and Robert C. Laffayete
1994 “Effects of Multimedia Course Subtitling on the Speaking Performance of College Students in French.” The Modern Language Journal 78 (1): 61–75. CrossrefGoogle Scholar
Bourne, Julián, and Catalina Jiménez Hurtado
2007 “From the Visual to the Verbal in Two Languages: A Contrastive Analysis of the Audio Description of The Hours in English and Spanish.” In Media for all: Subtitling for the Deaf, Audio Description and Sign Language, ed. by Pilar Orero, and Aline Remael, 175–187. Amsterdam: Rodopi. CrossrefGoogle Scholar
Brandimonte, Giovanni
2003 “El soporte audiovisual en la clase de E/LE: el cine y la televisión.” In Medios de Comunicación y Enseñanza del Español como Lengua Extranjera. Actas del XIV Congreso de ASELE, ed. by Hermógenes Perdiguero, and Antonio Álvarez, 870–881. Burgos: Servicio de Publicaciones Universidad de Burgos.Google Scholar
Bravo, Conceição
2008 Putting the Reader in the Picture: Screen Translation and Foreign-Language Learning. PhD Diss. Tarragona: University Rovira i Virgili.Google Scholar
British Academy
2016 Born Global. Accessed March 5, 2016. http://​www​.britac​.ac​.uk​/born​-global
British Film Institute
2008 Reframing Literacy, BFI, London, BFI. Accessed March 5, 2016. http://​www​.bfi​.org​.uk​/screening​-literacy​-film​-education​-europe
2010a Making the Case for Film Education (21st Century Literacies). London: British Film Institute.Google Scholar
2010b Film: 21st Century Literacy – Pilot Project Blueprints. London: British Film Institute.Google Scholar
2013 Screening Literacy in Europe. London: British Film Institute.Google Scholar
Buckingham, David
2003 Media Education: Literacy, Learning and Contemporary Culture. Cambridge: Polity Press.Google Scholar
2007 Beyond Technology: Children’s Learning in the Age of Digital Culture. Cambridge: Polity.Google Scholar
Burn, Andrew, and James Durran
2007 Media Literacy in Schools: Practice, Production and Progression. London: Sage.Google Scholar
Burn, Andrew
2013 The Kineikonic Mode: Towards a Multimodal Approach to Moving Image Media. Accessed March 5, 2016. http://​eprints​.ncrm​.ac​.uk​/3085​/1​/KINEIKONIC​_MODE​.pdf
Bustos Gisbert, José Manuel
1997 “Aplicaciones del vídeo a la enseñanza de español como lengua extranjera.” Carabela 42: 93–105.Google Scholar
Byram, Michael, Prue Holmes, and Nicola Savvides
2013 “Intercultural Communicative Competence in Foreign Language Education: Questions of Theory, Practice and Research.” The Language Learning Journal 41 (3): 251–253. CrossrefGoogle Scholar
Caimi, Annamaria
2006 “Audiovisual Translation and Language Learning: The Promotion of Intralingual Subtitles.” The Journal of Specialised Translation 6: 85–98.Google Scholar
Canale, Michael, and Merrill Swain
1980 “Theoretical Bases of Communicative Approaches to Second Language Teaching and Testing.” Applied Linguistics 1 (1): 1–47. CrossrefGoogle Scholar
Canale, Michael
1983 “From Communicative Competence to Communicative Language Pedagogy.” Language and Communication 1: 1–47.Google Scholar
Canning-Wilson, Christine
2000 “Practical Aspects of Using Video in the Foreign Language Classroom.” The Internet TESL Journal 6 (11). Accessed March 5, 2016. http://​iteslj​.org​/Articles​/Canning​-Video​.html
Cardillo, Darlene S.
1996 “Using a Foreign Film to Improve Second Language Proficiency: Video vs. Interactive Multimedia.” Journal of Educational Technology Systems 25 (2): 169–177. CrossrefGoogle Scholar
Celce-Murcia, Marianne
1995 “The Elaboration of Sociolinguistic Competence: Implications for Teacher Education.” In Linguistics and the Education of Language Teachers: Ethnolinguistic, Psycholinguistic, and Sociolinguistic Aspects. Proceedings of the Georgetown University, Round Table on Languages and Linguistics, ed. by James E. Alatis, Carolyn A. Straehle, and Maggie Ronkin, 699–710. Georgetown University Press, Washington DC.Google Scholar
Celce-Murcia, Marianne, Zoltan Dörnyei, and Sarah Thurrell
1995 “Communicative Competence: A Pedagogically Motivated Model with Content Specifications.” Issues in Applied Linguistics 6 (2): 5–35.Google Scholar
Chan, Deborah, and Carmen Herrero
2010 Using Film to Teach Languages. Manchester: Cornerhouse. Accessed October 29, 2017. https://​goo​.gl​/mosW5h
Chapple, Lynda, and Andy Curtis
2000 “Content-based Instruction in Hong Kong: Student Responses to Film.” System 28 (3): 419–433. CrossrefGoogle Scholar
Chiu, Yi-hui
2012 “Can Film Dubbing Projects Facilitate EFL Learners’ Acquisition of English Pronunciation?” British Journal of Educational Technology 43 (1): 24–27. CrossrefGoogle Scholar
Chung, Jing Mei, and Shuchen Huang
1998 “The Effects of Three Aural Advance Organizers for Video Viewing in a Foreign Language Classroom.” System 26 (4): 553–565. CrossrefGoogle Scholar
Clark, Joe
2007 “Standard Techniques in Audio Description. Joe Clark (Accessibility, Design, Writing) .” Accessed March 5, 2016. https://​joeclark​.org​/access​/description​/ad​-principles​.html
Condliffe, Barbara, Mary G. Visher, Michael R. Bangser, J. D. Sonia Drohojowska, and Larissa Saco
2016 Project-Based Learning: A Literature Review. New York, NY: MDRC. Accessed March 5, 2016. https://​s3​-us​-west​-1​.amazonaws​.com​/ler​/MDRC+PBL+Literature+Review​.pdf
Cope, Bill, and Mary Kalantzis
2000 Multiliteracies: Literacy Learning and the Design of Social Futures. London: Routledge.Google Scholar
2009 “Multiliteracies: New Literacies, New Learning.” Pedagogies: An international journal 4 (3): 164–195. CrossrefGoogle Scholar
Corpas Viñals, Jaime
2000 “La utilización del vídeo en el aula de E/LE. El componente cultural.” In Actas del XI Congreso Internacional de ASELE, ed. by María Antonia Martín Zorraquino, and Cristina Díez Pelegrín, 785–791. Zaragoza: Universidad de Zaragoza.Google Scholar
Council of Europe
2001 Common European Framework of Reference for Languages: Learning, Teaching, Assessment. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Crespo Fernández, Ana
2012 Explotación didáctica de material fílmico en el aula de E/LE: efectividad y afectividad del cine de Pedro Almodóvar. PhD diss. Córdoba: Universidad de Córdoba.Google Scholar
Danan, Martine
2004 “Captioning and Subtitling: Undervalued Language Learning Strategies.” Meta: Translators’ Journal 49 (1): 67–77. CrossrefGoogle Scholar
Dervin, Fred, and Anthony Liddicoat
eds. 2013 Linguistics for Intercultural Education. Amsterdam and Philadelphia: John Benjamins Publishing. CrossrefGoogle Scholar
Díaz Cintas, Jorge
2006 Competencias profesionales del subtitulador y el audiodescriptor. Madrid: CESyA. Accessed March 5, 2016. http://​www​.cesya​.es​/estaticas​/jornada​/documentos​/informe​.pdf
2010 “La accesibilidad a los medios de comunicación audiovisual a través del subtitulado y de la audiodescripción.” In El español, lengua de traducción para la cooperación y el diálogo, ed. by Luis González, and Pollux Hernúñez, 157–180. Madrid: Instituto Cervantes.Google Scholar
2012 “Los subtítulos y la subtitulación en la clase de lengua extranjera.” Abehache, Revista da Associação Brasileira de Hispanistas 2 (3): 95–114.Google Scholar
Donaghy, Kieran
2015 Film in Action: Teaching Language Using Moving Images. Surrey: Delta Publishing.Google Scholar
Ferrés, Joan, and Alejandro Piscitelli
2012 “Media Competence. Articulated Proposal of Dimensions and Indicators.” Comunicar 19 (38): 75–81. CrossrefGoogle Scholar
Film in Language Teaching Association (FILTA)
Accessed 14 Feburary 2017. www​.filta​.org​.uk
Gambier, Yves
2007 “Sous-titrage et Apprentissage des Langues.” Linguística Antverpiensia 6: 97–113.Google Scholar
Gilmore, Alex
2007 “Authentic Materials and Authenticity in Foreign Language Learning.” Language Teaching 40: 97–118. CrossrefGoogle Scholar
Goldstein, Ben, and Paul Driver
2015 Language Learning with Digital Video. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Greening, Joan, and Deborah Rolph
2007 “Accessibility: Raising Awareness of Audio Description in the UK.” In Media for All: Subtitling for the Deaf, Audio Description and Sign Language, ed. by Pilar Orero, and Aline Remael, 127–138. Amsterdam: Rodopi. CrossrefGoogle Scholar
Guerra Robles, Patricia
2013 El corto en el aula de ELE y la enseñanza del léxico en contexto. M.A. diss. Oviedo: Universidad de Oviedo.Google Scholar
Guillory, Helen Gant
1998 “The Effects of Keyword Captions to Authentic French Video on Learner Comprehension.” Calico Journal 15 (1): 89–108.Google Scholar
Herrero, Carmen
2009 “El uso de cortometrajes en la clase de español: la representación de las minorías etnicas.” Jornadas didácticas del Instituto Cervantes Manchester, Biblioteca Virtual redELE. Accessed May 10, 2016. http://​www​.mecd​.gob​.es​/redele​/Biblioteca​-Virtual​/2009​/Numeros​-Especiales​/I​_JORNADAS​_INSTITUTO​_CERVANTES​_MANCHESTER​.html
2014 “Crossing Boundaries: Developing Intercultural Competence through Film.” Paper presented at the Symposium Raising Intercultural Awareness , Manchester Metropolitan University, 12 June.
2016 “The Film in Language Teaching Association (FILTA): a Multilingual Community of Practice.” ELT Journal 70 (2): 190–199. CrossrefGoogle Scholar
2018 “El cine y otras manifestaciones culturales en ELE”, Iniciación a la metodología de la enseñanza de ELE. In Literatura, cine y otras manifestaciones literarias (4), ed. by Maria Martínez-Atienza de Dios, and Alfonso Zamorano Aguilar, 65-82. Madrid: enCLAVEELE.Google Scholar
Herrero, Carmen, and Manuela Escobar
2014 “Un modelo integrador de cine y audio descripción para el aprendizaje de lenguas extranjeras: Los abrazos rotos (Almodóvar).” Paper presented at the ClipFlair Conference. Innovation in Language Learning: Multimodal Approaches . Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 18–20 June.
Herron, Carol
1994 “An Investigation of the Effectiveness of Using an Advance Organizer to Introduce Video in the Foreign Language Classroom.” The Modern Language Journal 78 (2): 190–198. CrossrefGoogle Scholar
Herron, Carol, Julia E. Hanley, and Steven. P. Cole
1995 “A Comparison Study of two Advance Organizers for Introducing Beginning Foreign Language Students to Video.” The Modern Language Journal 79 (3): 387–395. CrossrefGoogle Scholar
Holmes, Len
1995 “Skills: a Social Perspective.” In Transferable Skills in Higher Education, ed. by Alison Assister, 20–28. London: Kogan Page.Google Scholar
Ibáñez Moreno, Ana, and Anna Vermeulen
2014 “La audiodescripción como recurso didáctico en el aula de ELE para promover el desarrollo integrado de competencias.” In New Directions in Hispanic Linguistics, ed. by Rafael Orozco, 264–292. Newcastle upon Tyne: Cambridge Scholars Publishing.Google Scholar
Incalcaterra McLoughlin, Laura, and Jennifer Lertola
2011 “Learn through Subtitling: Subtitling as an Aid to Language Learning.” In Audiovisual Translation Subtitles and Subtitling. Theory and Practice, ed. by Laura Incalcaterra McLoughlin, Marie Biscio, and Máire Áine Ní Mhainnín, 243–263. Bern: Peter Lang. CrossrefGoogle Scholar
2014 “Audiovisual Translation in Second Language Acquisition. Integrating Subtitling in the Foreign-language Curriculum.” The Interpreter and Translator Trainer 8 (1): 70–83. CrossrefGoogle Scholar
Jenkins, Henry
2008 Convergence Culture: la cultura de la convergencia de los medios. Barcelona: Paidós.Google Scholar
Jenkins, Henry, et al.
2009 Confronting the Challenges of Participatory Culture: Media Education for the 21st Century. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press. CrossrefGoogle Scholar
Jones, Elspeth
2013 “Internationalization and Employability: the Role of Intercultural Experiences in the Development of Transferable Skills.” Public Money and Management 33 (2): 95–104. CrossrefGoogle Scholar
Keddie, Jamie
2014 Bringing Online Video into the Classroom. Oxford: Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
Kern, Richard
2003 “Literacy as a New Organizing Principle for Foreign Language Education.” In Reading between the Lines: Perspectives on Foreign Language Literacy, ed. by Peter C. Patrikis, 40–59. New Haven, CT: Yale University Press.Google Scholar
Kress, Günther, and Theo van Leeuwen
2001 Multimodal Discourses: The Modes and Media of Contemporary Communication. New York: Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
Kress, Günther
2003 Literacy in the New Media Age. London: Routledge. CrossrefGoogle Scholar
2010 Multimodality. London: RoutledgeGoogle Scholar
Lankshear, Colin, and Michele Knobel
2003 New Literacies: Changing Knowledge and Classroom Learning. Buckingham: Open University Press.Google Scholar
Lardoux, Xavier
2014 For a European Film Education Policy. Paris: Centre national du cinéma et de l’image animée. Accessed May 15, 2015. http://​www​.europacreativamedia​.cat​/rcs​​_media​/For​_a​_European​_Film​_Education​_Policy​.pdf
Leu, Donald J., et al.
2013 “New Literacies: A Dual Level Theory of the Changing Nature of Literacy, Instruction, and Assessment.” In Theoretical Models and Processes of Reading, ed. by Donna E. Alvermann, Norman J. Unrau, and Robert B. Ruddell, (6th ed.), 1150–1181. Newark, DE: International Reading Association. CrossrefGoogle Scholar
Lin, Huifen, and Tsuiping Chen
2006 “Decreasing Cognitive Load For Novice EFL Learners: Effects of Question and Descriptive Advance Organizers in Facilitating EFL learners’ Comprehension of an Animation-based Content Lesson.” System 34 (3): 416–431. Accessed October 29, 2017. CrossrefGoogle Scholar
Maszerowska, Anna, Anna Matamala, and Pilar Orero
eds. 2014 Audio Description. New Perspectives Illustrated. Philadelphia and Amsterdam: John Benjamins. CrossrefGoogle Scholar
Matamala, Anna
2006 “La accesibilidad en los medios: aspectos lingüísticos y retos de formación.” In Sociedad, integración y televisión en España, ed. by Ricardo Amat, and Álvaro Pérez-Ugena, 293–306. Madrid: Laberinto.Google Scholar
Matamala, Anna, and Pilar Orero
2007 “Designing a Course on Audio Description and Defining the Main Competences of Future Professional.” Linguistica Antverpiensia 6: 329–344.Google Scholar
2016 Researching Audio-Description. New Approaches. Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan. CrossrefGoogle Scholar
Meler, Mirna
2005 “El anuncio publicitario televisivo en la enseñanza E/LE: una aproximación a los componentes socioculturales.” Cuadernos Canela 17: 89–108.Google Scholar
Navarrete, Marga
2013 “El doblaje como herramienta de aprendizaje en el aula de español y desde el entorno de ClipFlair.” MarcoELE 16: 75–87.Google Scholar
New London Group
1996 “A Pedagogy of Multiliteracies: Designing Social Futures.” Harvard Educational Review 66 (1): 60–92. CrossrefGoogle Scholar
Nunan, David
1989 Designing Tasks for the Communicative Classroom. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Openlearn
2010 “Language and Literacy in a Changing World.” Accessed May 10, 2016. http://​​www​.open​.edu​/openlearnworks​/mod​/oucontent​/view​.php​?id​=15196andsection​=4​.1
Orero, Pilar
2007 “Sampling Audio Description in Europe.” In Media for All: Subtitling for the Deaf, Audio Description and Sign Language, ed. by Pilar Orero, and Aline Remael, 111–125. Amsterdam: Rodopi. CrossrefGoogle Scholar
Orero, Pilar, and Anna Matamala
2007 “Accessible Opera: Overcoming Linguistic and Sensorial Barriers.” Perspectives Studies in Translatology 15 (4): 262–267. CrossrefGoogle Scholar
Orero, Pilar
2012 “Film Reading for Writing Audio Descriptions: A Word is Worth a Thousand Images?” In Emerging Topics in Translation: Audio Description, ed. by Elisa Perego, 13–28. Trieste: Edizioni Università di Trieste.Google Scholar
Paesani, Kate, Heather W. Allen, and Beatrice Dupuy
2016 A Multiliteracies Framework for Collegiate Foreign Language Teaching. Upper Saddle River, NJ: Pearson.Google Scholar
Pegrum, Mark
2008 “Film Culture and Identity: Critical Intercultural Literacies for the Language Classroom.” Language and International Communication 8 (2): 136–154.Google Scholar
Pérez Basanta, Carmen
1999 “El uso del vídeo en la enseñanza de una lengua extranjera: Beauty and the Beast. Una actividad para la comprensión oral, la adquisición léxica y la reflexión sobre la estructura del lenguaje narrativo.” In Actas de las VII Jornadas Internacionales sobre la enseñanza de lenguas, ed. by Ángela Celis, and José Ramón Heredia, 369–378. Granada: Servicio de Publicaciones de la Universidad de Granada.Google Scholar
Porcel, Carme
2009 “Using Films in Class.” Modern English Teacher 18 (3): 24–29.Google Scholar
Rai, Sonali, Joan Greening, and Leen Petré
2010 A Comparative Study of Audio Description Guidelines Prevalent in Different Countries. London: RNIB.Google Scholar
Romero-Fresco, Pablo
2013 “Accessible Filmmaking: Joining the Dots between Audiovisual Translation, Accessibility and Filmmaking.” The Journal of Specialised Translation 20: 201–223.Google Scholar
Ruiz Fajardo, Guadalupe
1994 “Vídeo en clase. Virtudes y vicios.” MarcoELE 8: 141–164.Google Scholar
Sánchez-Requena, Alicia
2016 “Audiovisual Translation in Teaching Foreign Languages: Contributions of Revoicing to Improve Fluency and Pronunciation in Spontaneous Conversations.” Portalinguarum 26: 9–21.Google Scholar
Sherman, Jane
2003 Using Authentic Video in the Language Classroom. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Snyder, Joel
2013 Audio Description: Seeing with the Mind’s Eye – A Comprehensive Training Manual and Guide to the History and Applications of Audio Description. PhD diss. Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona.Google Scholar
Sokoli, Stavroula
2006 “Learning via Subtitling (LvS): A Tool for the Creation of Foreign Language Learning Activities Based on Film Subtitling.” In Proceedings of the Marie Curie Euroconferences MuTra: Audiovisual Translation Scenario, Copenhagen 1–5 May, ed. by Mary Carroll, and Heidrun Gerzymisch-Arbogast, 66–73.
Sokoli, Stavroula, Patrick Zabalbeascoa, and Maria Fountana
2011 “Subtitling Activities for Foreign Language Learning: What Learners and Teachers Think.” In Audiovisual Translation Subtitles and Subtitling. Theory and Practice, ed. by Laura Incalcaterra McLoughlin, Marie Biscio, and Máire Áine Ní Mhainnín, 219–242. Bern: Peter Lang.Google Scholar
Talaván, Noa
2010 “Subtitling as a Task and Subtitles as Support: Pedagogical Applications.” In New Insights into Audiovisual Translation and Media Accessibility, ed. by Jorge Díaz Cintas, Anna Matamala, and Josélia Neves, 285–299. Amsterdam: Rodopi. CrossrefGoogle Scholar
2013 La subtitulación en el aprendizaje de lenguas extranjeras. Barcelona: Octaedro.Google Scholar
Talaván, Noa, and José Javier Ávila-Cabrera
2015 “First Insights into the Combination of Dubbing and Subtitling as L2 Didactic Tools.” In Subtitles and Language Learning, ed. by Yves Gambier, Annamaria Caimi, and Cristina Mariotti, 149–172. New York: Peter Lang.Google Scholar
Talaván, Noa, Jose Javier Ávila-Cabrera, and Tomás Costal
2016 Traducción y accesibilidad audiovisual. Barcelona: Editorial UOC.Google Scholar
Talaván, Noa, and Jennifer Lertola
2016 “Active Audiodescription to Promote Speaking Skills in Online Environments.” Sintagma, 28: 59–74.Google Scholar
Thaler, Engelbert
2014 Teaching English with Films. Paderborn: Schöningh.Google Scholar
Thomas, John W.
2000 “A Review of Research on Project-Based Learning.” Accessed October 30, 2017. http://​www​.bie​.org​/images​/uploads​/general​/9d06758fd346969cb63653​d00dca55c0​.pdf
Toro Escudero, Juan Ignacio
2009 “Enseñanza del español a través del cine hispano: marco teórico y ejemplos prácticos.” MarcoELE 8. Accessed June 6, 2013. http://​www​.marcoele​.com​/descargas​/china​/ji​.toro​_cinehispano​.pdf
Vanderplank, Robert
1988 “The Value of Teletext Subtitles in Language Learning.” ELT Journal 42 (4): 272–281. CrossrefGoogle Scholar
2010 “Déjà vu? A Decade of Research on Language Laboratories, Television and Video in Language Learning.” Language Teaching 43 (1): 1–37. CrossrefGoogle Scholar
Vercauteren, Gert
2007 “Towards a European Guideline for Audio Description.” In Media for All: Subtitling for the Deaf, Audio Description and Sign Language, ed. by Jorge Díaz Cintas, Pilar Orero, and Aline Remael, 139–149. Amsterdam: Rodopi. CrossrefGoogle Scholar
Video for all
Accessed 24 May 2016. http://​videoforall​.eu
Vílchez Tallón, José Antonio
2007 La enseñanza del componente pragmático a través de fragmentos de películas. MA diss. Madrid: Universidad de Alcalá.Google Scholar
Webb, Stuart, and Michael P. Rodgers
2009 “The Lexical Coverage of Movies.” Applied Linguistics 30 (3): 407–427. CrossrefGoogle Scholar
Weyers, Joseph R.
1999 “The Effect of Authentic Video on Communicative Competence.” The Modern Language Journal 83 (3): 339–349. CrossrefGoogle Scholar
Williams, Helen, and David Thorne
2000 “The Value of Teletext Subtitling as a Medium for Language Learning.” System 28 (2): 217–228. CrossrefGoogle Scholar
Wilson, Carolyn, Grizzle Alton, Ramon Alton, Kwame Akyempong Tuazon, and Cheung Chi-Kim
2011 Media and Information Literacy Curriculum for Teachers. Paris: UNESCO. Accessed October 29, 2017. http://​unesdoc​.unesco​.org​/images​/0022​/002256​/225606e​.pdf