List of figures
Figure 2.1
Illustration of how it feels to have aphasia, by a person with aphasia resulting from stroke
Figure 2.2
Transcribed speech extract from F.M., speaker with chronic non-fluent (Broca’s agrammatic) aphasia (Berndt, 2001, p. 382)
Figure 2.3
Transcribed speech extract from M.L., speaker with chronic fluent (Wernicke’s) aphasia (Berndt, 2001, p. 382)
Figure 3.1
Superimposition of [
keep them ADJP] and [
keep NP
happy] (based on an example from Dąbrowska, 2014, p. 623)
Figure 7.1
Predictions for verbs in relation to spoken language capability
Figure 7.2
Total words per narrative
Figure 7.3
Percentage of verbs per narrative
Figure 7.4
Number of unique verb lemmas per 100 words
Figure 7.5
Frequency ranks in the Spoken BNC (Davies, 2004-) of verb lemmas produced by the neurotypical speakers and PWA
Figure 8.1
Mean length of strings (words)
Figure 8.2
Mean number of clauses per string
Figure 8.3
Mean number of verbs per string
Figure 8.4
Percentage of well-formed strings per participant
Figure 8.5
Percentage of acceptable strings and fluent strings per participant
Figure 8.6
Percentage of well-formed strings with corpus attestation per participant
Figure 8.7
Percentage of acceptable and of fluent strings with corpus attestation per participant
Figure 9.1
Sample of DB’s narrative showing ‘filler’ and compositional uses of
I don’t know
Figure II.i.
Example of included and excluded items in a speech sample
Figure III.i.
Pause duration as displayed in version 2.0.5 of
Audacity(R) recording and editing software (Audacity Team, 2013–14)