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Landscapes of Realism: Rethinking literary realism in comparative perspectives
Edited by Dirk Göttsche, Rosa Mucignat and Robert Weninger
[Comparative History of Literatures in European Languages XXXII] 2021
► pp. 247–320

Fleeting moments and unstable spaces

Explorations of time and space in realism

From the end of the eighteenth and through the nineteenth century science, philosophy and socio-political changes spawned fundamental reconfigurations of the Western experience and understanding of spatio-temporality. Challenging writers to radically reconceptualize their understanding of time and space and to explore more fully how to do justice to the complex new sense of spatio-temporality, this shift gave rise to a realism that developed as a creative response to modernity. The traditional embodied involvement with an organization of time and space based on natural categories was thus faced with new demands from a rapidly industrializing and urbanizing world and intensified European globalization. At loggerheads with the traditional embodied forms of organizing and conceptualizing time and space, the new categories and technologies ushered in today’s disembodied mechanical regime of social organization, worklife, transport, travel, leisure time, and class and gender mobility, both on the private micro-level of the individual and the public macro-level of whole communities and societies. Supported by a series of specialized case studies focussing on literatures across and beyond Europe, this chapter explores how writers develop and deploy realist themes and techniques in order to respond to and cope with the accelerated spatio-temporal dynamics that underpin modern life.

Keywords: realism, spatio-temporal regimes, space and time, public and private, work and leisure, gender, historicity, chronotope, human agency
Article outline
  • 1.The dialectic of time and space
  • 2.Spatio-temporalities of realism
    • 2.1Embodied and disembodied spatio-temporality
    • 2.2Public and private, work and leisure: Two complementary spatio-temporal oppositions
  • 3.Gendered spaces
    • 3.1Inside/outside
    • 3.2Home and the world
    • 3.3Private and public
  • 4.Global and local refractions
  • 5.History and historicity
    • 5.1Human agency
    • 5.2Progress
      • 5.2.1Social progress
      • 5.2.2Cultural progress
      • 5.2.3Technological progress
      • 5.2.4Personal progress
    • 5.3Chance and speed
      • 5.3.1Chance
      • 5.3.2Speed
    • 5.4Stability on the edge
  • 6.Details and spatial representation
    • 6.1Individual agency
    • 6.2Shared agency
    • 6.3Anonymous agency
    • 6.4Mutual agency
    • 6.5Agency in the city
    • 6.6Failed agency
  • 7.The realist poetics of time and space
    • 7.1Prose and the everyday world: Metonymy
    • 7.2Everyday life: Chronotopes
      • 7.2.1Dismantling the idyll
      • 7.2.2Revolutionizing the salon
  • 8.Beyond European realism
    • 8.1Other places
    • 8.2Other subjectivities
  • Notes
  • Works cited
Published online: 21 April 2021
DOI logo
https://doi.org/10.1075/chlel.xxxii.09lar
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