Constructional change at the interface of cognition, culture, and language use
A diachronic corpus study of German nominalization patterns
On the basis of an extensive corpus analysis, this paper investigates how cognitive, cultural, and language-internal factors conspire in the diachronic development of German nominalization patterns. Focusing on nominalization with the suffix -ung, the present study demonstrates that this word-formation pattern is subject to an increasing array of word-formation constraints. This is due to (a) shifts in the availability and prototypicality of reading variants evoked by the word-formation pattern, (b) the increasing productivity of competing word-formation patterns, and (c) sociocultural factors such as the emergence of language purism, which promoted the replacement of ung-derivatives with other word-formation products. The results of the corpus analysis lend support to a usage-based and radically constructionist view of morphology and morphological change.
References (51)
References
Andor, Jószef. 2004. “The Master and His Performance. An Interview with Noam Chomsky”. Intercultural Pragmatics 1. 93–111. ![DOI logo](https://benjamins.com/logos/doi-logo.svg)
![Google Scholar](https://benjamins.com/logos/google-scholar.svg)
Baayen, R. Harald. 2009. “Corpus Linguistics in Morphology. Morphological Productivity”. Corpus Linguistics. An International Handbook. Vol. 2 (= HSK, 29.2) ed. by Anke Lüdeling & Merja Kytö. 899–919. Berlin, New York: De Gruyter. ![DOI logo](https://benjamins.com/logos/doi-logo.svg)
![Google Scholar](https://benjamins.com/logos/google-scholar.svg)
Barz, Irmhild. 1998. “Zur Lexikalisierungspotenz nominalisierter Infinitive.” Zwischen Grammatik und Lexikon ed. by Irmhild Barz & Günther Öhlschläger. 57–68. Tübingen: Niemeyer. ![DOI logo](https://benjamins.com/logos/doi-logo.svg)
![Google Scholar](https://benjamins.com/logos/google-scholar.svg)
Beckner, Clay, Richard Blythe, Joan Bybee, Morten H. Christiansen, William Croft, Nick C. Ellis, John Holland, Jinyun Ke, Diane Larsen-Freeman & Tom Schoenemann. 2009. “Language is a Complex Adaptive System. Position Paper.” Language Learning 59 Suppl. 1. 1–26. ![DOI logo](https://benjamins.com/logos/doi-logo.svg)
![Google Scholar](https://benjamins.com/logos/google-scholar.svg)
Bergen, Benjamin K. 2012. Louder than Words. The New Science of How the Mind Makes Meaning. New York: Basic Books.![Google Scholar](https://benjamins.com/logos/google-scholar.svg)
Bergmann, Rolf & Nerius, Dieter. 1998. Die Entwicklung der Großschreibung im Deutschen von 1500 bis 1710. Heidelberg: Winter.![Google Scholar](https://benjamins.com/logos/google-scholar.svg)
Bloomfield, Leonard. 1933. Language. Chicago: Chicago University Press.![Google Scholar](https://benjamins.com/logos/google-scholar.svg)
Brinkmann, Hennig. 1949. “Die sprachliche Gestalt. Versuch einer morphologischen Betrachtung der Sprache”. Muttersprache 1. 2–25.![Google Scholar](https://benjamins.com/logos/google-scholar.svg)
Bybee, Joan L. 2010. Language, Usage and Cognition. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. ![DOI logo](https://benjamins.com/logos/doi-logo.svg)
![Google Scholar](https://benjamins.com/logos/google-scholar.svg)
Croft, William 2001. Radical Construction Grammar. Syntactic Theory in Typological Perspective. Oxford: Oxford University Press. ![DOI logo](https://benjamins.com/logos/doi-logo.svg)
![Google Scholar](https://benjamins.com/logos/google-scholar.svg)
Croft, William 2012. Verbs. Aspect and Causal Structure. Oxford: Oxford University Press. ![DOI logo](https://benjamins.com/logos/doi-logo.svg)
![Google Scholar](https://benjamins.com/logos/google-scholar.svg)
Demske, Ulrike. 2000. “Zur Geschichte der ung-Nominalisierung im Deutschen. Ein Wandel morphologischer Produktivität”. Beiträge zur Geschichte der deutschen Sprache und Literatur 122. 365–411. ![DOI logo](https://benjamins.com/logos/doi-logo.svg)
![Google Scholar](https://benjamins.com/logos/google-scholar.svg)
Demske, Ulrike. 2002. “Nominalization and Argument Structure in Early New High German”. Nominalisations (
= ZAS Papers in Linguistics, 27) ed. by Ewald Lang & Ilse Zimmermann. 67–90. Berlin: Zentrum für Allgemeine Sprachwissenschaft.![Google Scholar](https://benjamins.com/logos/google-scholar.svg)
Diessel, Holger. 2004. The Acquisition of Complex Sentences (
= Cambridge Studies in Linguistics, 105). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. ![DOI logo](https://benjamins.com/logos/doi-logo.svg)
![Google Scholar](https://benjamins.com/logos/google-scholar.svg)
Durrell, Martin, Astrid Ensslin & Paul Bennett. 2007. “The GerManC Project.” Sprache und Datenverarbeitung 31. 71–80.![Google Scholar](https://benjamins.com/logos/google-scholar.svg)
Eichler, Birgit. 1996. “Fachlich konnotierte Sprachstrukturen in frühneuzeitlicher Wissensliteratur”. Fachliche Textsorten. Komponenten – Relationen – Strategien (
= Forum für Fachsprachen-Forschung, 25) ed. by Hartwig Kalverkämper & Klaus-Dieter Baumann. 271–291. Tübingen: Narr.![Google Scholar](https://benjamins.com/logos/google-scholar.svg)
Geeraerts, Dirk & Hubert Cuyckens. 2007. “Introducing Cognitive Linguistics”. The Oxford Handbook of Cognitive Linguistics ed. by Dirk Geeraerts & Hubert Cuyckens. 3–21. Oxford: Oxford University Press.![Google Scholar](https://benjamins.com/logos/google-scholar.svg)
Goldberg, Adele E. 2006. Constructions at Work: The Nature of Generalization in Language. Oxford: Oxford University Press.![Google Scholar](https://benjamins.com/logos/google-scholar.svg)
Hartmann, Stefan. 2013a. “Das Wortbilden und die Wortbildung. Was grammatikalischer Wandel über Sprache und Kognition verrät”. Nouveux Cahiers d’Allemand 31. 163–175.![Google Scholar](https://benjamins.com/logos/google-scholar.svg)
Hartmann, Stefan. 2013b. “Zwischen Transparenz und Lexikalisierung. Das Wortbildungsmuster X-ung(e) im Mittelhochdeutschen”. Beiträge zur Geschichte der deutschen Sprache und Literatur 135. 159–183. ![DOI logo](https://benjamins.com/logos/doi-logo.svg)
![Google Scholar](https://benjamins.com/logos/google-scholar.svg)
Heusinger, Klaus von & Sabine von Heusinger. 1999. “Aus der lateinischen Fachsprache zur deutschen Mystik. Der lange Weg der Suffixe -ung und -heit”. Wissenschaftssprache und Umgangssprache im Kontakt (= Germanistische Arbeiten zu Sprache und Kulturgeschichte, 38) ed. by Jürg Niederhauser & Kirsten Adamzik. 59–79. Frankfurt am Main: Peter Lang.![Google Scholar](https://benjamins.com/logos/google-scholar.svg)
Hilpert, Martin. 2013. Constructional Change in English. Developments in Allomorphy, Word Formation, and Syntax. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. ![DOI logo](https://benjamins.com/logos/doi-logo.svg)
![Google Scholar](https://benjamins.com/logos/google-scholar.svg)
Hilpert, Martin & Stefan Th. Gries. 2009. “Assessing Frequency Changes in Multistage Diachronic Corpora. Applications for Historical Corpus Linguistics and the Study of Language Acquisition”. Literary and Linguistic Computing 24. 385–401. ![DOI logo](https://benjamins.com/logos/doi-logo.svg)
![Google Scholar](https://benjamins.com/logos/google-scholar.svg)
Hoffmann, Thomas & Graeme Trousdale, eds. 2013. The Oxford Handbook of Construction Grammar. Oxford: Oxford University Press. ![DOI logo](https://benjamins.com/logos/doi-logo.svg)
![Google Scholar](https://benjamins.com/logos/google-scholar.svg)
Klein, Josef 1999. Die politische Fachsprache als Institutionensprache. Fachsprachen. Ein internationales Handbuch zur Fachsprachenforschung und Terminologiewissenschaft. Halbband 2 (
= HSK, 14.2) ed. by Lothar Hoffmann, Hartwig Kalverkämper, & Herbert Ernst Wiegand. 1371–1381. Berlin, New York: De Gruyter.![Google Scholar](https://benjamins.com/logos/google-scholar.svg)
Koch, Peter & Oesterreicher, Wulf. 1985. “Sprache der Nähe – Sprache der Distanz. Mündlichkeit und Schriftlichkeit im Spannungsfeld von Sprachtheorie und Sprachgeschichte”. Romanistisches Jahrbuch 36. 15–43.![Google Scholar](https://benjamins.com/logos/google-scholar.svg)
Konerding, Klaus-Peter. 1993. Frames und lexikalisches Bedeutungswissen. Untersuchungen zur linguistischen Grundlegung einer Frametheorie und zu ihrer Anwendung in der Lexikographie (= Reihe Germanistische Linguistik, 142). Tübingen: Niemeyer. ![DOI logo](https://benjamins.com/logos/doi-logo.svg)
![Google Scholar](https://benjamins.com/logos/google-scholar.svg)
Knobloch, Clemens. 2002. “Zwischen Satz-Nominalisierung und Nennderivation. -ung-Nomina im Deutschen”. Sprachwissenschaft 27. 333–362.![Google Scholar](https://benjamins.com/logos/google-scholar.svg)
Langacker, Ronald W. 1987. Foundations of Cognitive Grammar. Vol. 1. Theoretical Prerequisites. Stanford: Stanford University Press.![Google Scholar](https://benjamins.com/logos/google-scholar.svg)
Langacker, Ronald W. 1988. “A Usage-Based Model”. Topics in Cognitive Linguistics (= Amsterdam studies in the theory and history of linguistic science, 50) ed. by Brygida Rudzka-Ostyn. 127–161. Amsterdam & Philadelphia: John Benjamins. ![DOI logo](https://benjamins.com/logos/doi-logo.svg)
![Google Scholar](https://benjamins.com/logos/google-scholar.svg)
Langacker, Ronald W. 1991. Foundations of Cognitive Grammar. Vol. 2. Descriptive Application. Stanford: Stanford University Press.![Google Scholar](https://benjamins.com/logos/google-scholar.svg)
Langacker, Ronald W. 2008. Cognitive Grammar: A Basic Introduction. Oxford: Oxford University Press. ![DOI logo](https://benjamins.com/logos/doi-logo.svg)
![Google Scholar](https://benjamins.com/logos/google-scholar.svg)
Munske, Horst Haider. 2002. “Wortbildungswandel”. Historische Wortbildung des Deutschen ed. by Mechthild Habermann, Peter O. Müller & Horst Haider Munske. 23–40. Tübingen: Niemeyer. ![DOI logo](https://benjamins.com/logos/doi-logo.svg)
![Google Scholar](https://benjamins.com/logos/google-scholar.svg)
Nübling, Damaris, Antje Dammel, Janet Duke & Renata Szczepaniak. 2013. Historische Sprachwissenschaft des Deutschen. Eine Einführung in die Prinzipien des Sprachwandels. 4th ed. Tübingen: Narr.![Google Scholar](https://benjamins.com/logos/google-scholar.svg)
Pimenova, Natal’ja B. 2002. “Semantische Restriktionen für die unga-Ableitung im Althochdeutschen”. Germanistisches Jahrbuch der GUS “Das Wort”. 93–106.![Google Scholar](https://benjamins.com/logos/google-scholar.svg)
Pleyer, Michael. 2014. “Perspectival Construal Patterns in Language, Cognition and Interaction. Their Acquisition, Structure and Foundations”. Current Research in Applied Linguistics. Issues on Language and Cognition ed. by Paula Rodríguez-Puente, Evelyn Gandón-Chapela, Sara María Riveiro-Outeiral & María Luisa Roca-Varela. 236–262. Newcastle upon Tyne: Cambridge Scholars.![Google Scholar](https://benjamins.com/logos/google-scholar.svg)
Rosch, Eleanor. 1978. “Principles of Categorization”. Cognition and Categorization ed. by Eleanor Rosch & Barbara B. Lloyd. 27–48. Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum.![Google Scholar](https://benjamins.com/logos/google-scholar.svg)
Roßdeutscher, Antje & Hans Kamp. 2010. “Syntactic and Semantic Constraints on the Formation and Interpretation of -ung-Nouns”. The Semantics of Nominalizations across Languages and Frameworks (= Interface Explorations, 22) ed. by Monika Rathert & Artemis Alexiadou. 169–214. Berlin, New York: De Gruyter. ![DOI logo](https://benjamins.com/logos/doi-logo.svg)
![Google Scholar](https://benjamins.com/logos/google-scholar.svg)
Scherer, Carmen. 2006. “Was ist Wortbildungswandel?“ Linguistische Berichte 205. 3–28.![Google Scholar](https://benjamins.com/logos/google-scholar.svg)
Scherer, Carmen. 2007. “The Role of Productivity in Word-Formation Change”. Historical Linguistics 2005. Selected Papers from the 17th International Conference on Historical Linguistics (= Current Issues in Linguistic Theory, 284) ed. by Joseph C. Salmons & Shannon Dubenion-Smith. 257–271. Amsterdam, Philadelphia: John Benjamins. ![DOI logo](https://benjamins.com/logos/doi-logo.svg)
![Google Scholar](https://benjamins.com/logos/google-scholar.svg)
Schmidt, Wilhelm. 2007. Geschichte der deutschen Sprache. Ein Lehrbuch für das germanistische Studium. 10th ed. Stuttgart: Hirzel.![Google Scholar](https://benjamins.com/logos/google-scholar.svg)
Shin, Soo-Song. 2001. “On the Event Structure of -ung-Nominals in German”. Linguistics 39. 297–319. ![DOI logo](https://benjamins.com/logos/doi-logo.svg)
![Google Scholar](https://benjamins.com/logos/google-scholar.svg)
Stefanowitsch, Anatol. 2009. “Bedeutung und Gebrauch in der Konstruktionsgrammatik. Wie kompositional sind modale Infinitive im Deutschen?” Zeitschrift für Germanistische Linguistik 37. 562–592. ![DOI logo](https://benjamins.com/logos/doi-logo.svg)
![Google Scholar](https://benjamins.com/logos/google-scholar.svg)
Taylor, John R. 2012. The Mental Corpus. How Language is Represented in the Mind. Oxford: Oxford University Press. ![DOI logo](https://benjamins.com/logos/doi-logo.svg)
![Google Scholar](https://benjamins.com/logos/google-scholar.svg)
Traugott, Elizabeth Closs & Graeme Trousdale. 2013. Constructionalization and Constructional Changes (= Oxford Studies in Diachronic and Historical Linguistics, 6). Oxford: Oxford University Press. ![DOI logo](https://benjamins.com/logos/doi-logo.svg)
![Google Scholar](https://benjamins.com/logos/google-scholar.svg)
Verhagen, Arie. 2007. “Construal and Perspectivization”. The Oxford Handbook of Cognitive Linguistics ed. by Dirk Geeraerts & Hubert Cuyckens. 48–81. Oxford: Oxford University Press.![Google Scholar](https://benjamins.com/logos/google-scholar.svg)
Verspoor, Marjolijn. 1996. “The Story of -ing: A Subjective Perspective”. The Construal of Space in Language and Thought (= Cognitive Linguistics Research, 8) ed. by Martin Pütz & René Dirven. 417–454. Berlin & New York: De Gruyter. ![DOI logo](https://benjamins.com/logos/doi-logo.svg)
![Google Scholar](https://benjamins.com/logos/google-scholar.svg)
Vogel, Petra M. 1996. Wortarten und Wortartenwechsel: Zur Konversion und verwandten Erscheinungen im Deutschen und in anderen Sprachen. (= Studia Linguistica Germanica 39). Berlin & New York: Walter de Gruyter. ![DOI logo](https://benjamins.com/logos/doi-logo.svg)
![Google Scholar](https://benjamins.com/logos/google-scholar.svg)
Werner, Martina. 2012. Genus, Derivation und Quantifikation. Zur Funktion der Suffigierung und verwandter Phänomene im Deutschen (
= Studia Linguistica Germanica, 114). Berlin, New York: De Gruyter. ![DOI logo](https://benjamins.com/logos/doi-logo.svg)
![Google Scholar](https://benjamins.com/logos/google-scholar.svg)
Wustmann, Gustav. 1903. Allerhand Sprachdummheiten. Kleine deutsche Grammatik des Zweifelhaften, des Falschen und des Häßlichen. 3rd ed. Leipzig: Grunow.![Google Scholar](https://benjamins.com/logos/google-scholar.svg)
Ziem, Alexander & Alexander Lasch. 2013. Konstruktionsgrammatik. Konzepte und Grundlagen gebrauchsbasierter Ansätze. Berlin & New York: De Gruyter. ![DOI logo](https://benjamins.com/logos/doi-logo.svg)
![Google Scholar](https://benjamins.com/logos/google-scholar.svg)
Cited by (1)
Cited by one other publication
Hartmann, Stefan
2018.
Derivational morphology in flux: a case study of word-formation change in German.
Cognitive Linguistics 29:1
► pp. 77 ff.
![DOI logo](//benjamins.com/logos/doi-logo.svg)
This list is based on CrossRef data as of 24 july 2024. Please note that it may not be complete. Sources presented here have been supplied by the respective publishers.
Any errors therein should be reported to them.