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Article published In:
Chinese Language and Discourse
Vol. 11:2 (2020) ► pp.226–260

Understanding memes on Chinese social media

Biaoqing

| Tilburg University
| Tilburg University

Memes as online graphic semiotic resources have developed into a globalized genre and a cultural form. The vernacularization of this global cultural form on Chinese social media is Biaoqing (literally, ‘facial expression’). Biaoqing is a phenomenon and a genre engendered by the development of information technology and growing accessibility to the internet. The most prominent features of Biaoqing on Chinese social media (cute, mischievous, decadent, dirty, violent) are spawned by and therefore reflect the structure of society. The ludic nature of Biaoqing enables them to serve as resources for new forms of communication, potential of reshaping existing social norms, the landscape of online culture, and culture and society at large. The results of this contribution constitute an invitation for a reimagination of the role of graphic semiotic signs and digital infrastructures in society, and a rethinking of theories for sociolinguistic research in a digital era.

Keywords: meme, Biaoqing, ludic, social media, knowledge work, algorithm, online-offline nexus
Article outline
  • 1.Introduction
  • 2.Data and methodology
  • 3.Results
    • 3.1The many faces of Biaoqing
      • 3.1.1Popular facial expressions
      • 3.1.2Popular Biaoqing figures
        • Cartoon figures with real-person facial expressions
        • Figures with an attitude
        • Figures of sociocultural significance
    • 3.2Characteristics of Biaoqing
      • 3.2.1 Méng (cute)
      • 3.2.2 Jiàn (literally, ‘cheap’; mischievous)
      • 3.2.3 Sàng (decadent)
      • 3.2.4 Wū (dirty)
      • 3.2.5Violent
      • 3.2.6Mixed-feature Biaoqing
  • 4.Discussion: The ludic nature of Biaoqing
  • 5.Conclusion and implication: Vernacular globalization
  • Notes
  • References
Published online: 24 November 2020
DOI logo
https://doi.org/10.1075/cld.20009.lu
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