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Part of
Evidence for Evidentiality
Edited by Ad Foolen, Helen de Hoop and Gijs Mulder
[Human Cognitive Processing 61] 2018
► pp. 281–304

Chapter 11
What do different methods of data collection reveal about evidentiality?

 | University of Helsinki
 | University of Helsinki
 | University of Helsinki
In this chapter, different types of data used in evidentiality studies are discussed. We first discuss reference grammars, which are necessary for any cross-linguistic study of evidentials. This is followed by a discussion of (different types of) usage-based data, as well as natural language data and stimulus-based data collection used in linguistic fieldwork. We end our discussion by examining data collected by means of questionnaires and acceptability judgments. It is shown that all the types of data discussed are relevant for a full understanding of evidentiality, but they differ in their contribution and complement each other. For example, usage-based data is necessary for studying frequencies in languages, while reference grammars reveal what is common across languages.
Keywords: usage-based data, stimulus-based data collection, questionnaires, reference grammars
Article outline
  • 1.Introduction
  • 2.Reference grammars and the typological perspective
  • 3.Usage-based data
  • 4.Field linguistics
    • 4.1Naturally occurring speech
    • 4.2Controlled and staged events
  • 5.Questionnaires and acceptability judgments
  • 6.Conclusion
  • Abbreviations
  • References
Published online: 19 July 2018
DOI logo
https://doi.org/10.1075/hcp.61.12kit
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