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Article published In:
Journal of Second Language Studies
Vol. 1:2 (2018) ► pp.254–276

L2 acquisition in childhood, adulthood and old age

Misreported and under-researched dimensions of the age factor

| Trinity College Dublin | University of Pannonia
| University of Salzburg

This article deals with some misunderstandings about the age factor in second language acquisition which result from a reliance on an incomplete interpretation of relevant research findings. It begins with an exploration of the work of Penfield and Lenneberg and goes on to weigh recent evidence for and against the hypothesis of a “critical period” in the context of naturalistic second language acquisition. It then turns to the question of the effects of early instructed second language learning. Finally, it addresses the issue of second language learning in late adulthood, summarizing the results of such empirical investigation as has been undertaken to date on this topic and arguing for more attention to be devoted to this area in the future.

Keywords: age factor, Penfield, Lenneberg, critical period, early L2 instruction, third age L2 learning
Article outline
  • Introduction
  • Penfield and Lenneberg
  • The critical period hypothesis
  • The effects of early second language instruction at school
  • Language learning in older adulthood
  • Concluding remarks
  • References
Published online: 27 August 2018
DOI logo
https://doi.org/10.1075/jsls.00003.sin
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