The interaction between timing of explicit grammar explanation and individual differences in second language
acquisition
Despite numerous positive findings of explicit instruction, this topic continues to engage scholars worldwide. One
issue that may be crucial for the effectiveness of explicit instruction is the interaction between cognitive individual
differences (language aptitude and working memory) and types of instruction. In this experiment, 128 learners of Spanish were
randomly assigned to four experimental treatments and completed comprehension-based practice for interpreting object-verb and
ser/estar sentences in Spanish. Results revealed that the various combinations of rules and practice posed differential task
demands on the learners and consequently drew on language aptitude and working memory to a different extent. We argue that not
only are rules and practice both necessary, but that their suitable integration ameliorates task demands, reducing the burden on
the learner, and accordingly mitigates the role of participants’ individual differences, thus making a substantial difference for
the learning of second language grammar.
Article outline
- 1.Introduction
- 2.Background literature and theoretical motivation
- 2.1Language learning aptitude in the narrow sense
- 2.2Working memory
- 2.3Skill Acquisition Theory
- 3.The present study
- 3.1Method
- 3.1.1Participants
- 3.1.2Linguistic targets: OV structure and Ser/ Estar
- 3.1.3Research design
- 3.1.4Materials
- 3.1.5Treatment
- 3.2Instruments
- 3.2.1Comprehension tests
- 3.2.2Production test
- 3.2.3LLAMA F
- 3.2.4OSPAN
- 3.3Procedure
- 3.4Data analysis (Tables in Appendix)
- 4.Results
- 4.1OV
- 4.1.1Comprehension
- 4.1.2Production
- 4.1.3GJT
- 4.2SER
- 4.2.1Comprehension
- 4.2.2Production
- 4.2.3GJT
- 4.3Summary of results
- 4.4Simple linear regression models following significant correlations between IDs and outcome measures
- 5.Discussion and conclusions
- 6.Limitations and future directions
- 7.Conclusion
- Notes
-
References
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Cited by one other publication
Motlagh, Hossein Saadabadi, Halimeh Khafaie, Ali Asghar Arastoo, Maria Cheraghi & Morteza Abdullatif Khafaie
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