Reading skills (word reading and reading comprehension), phonological
short-term memory (STM), listening comprehension and oral expression were
examined in two clinical groups (one with Specific Language Impairment
[SLI] and one with Developmental Dyslexia [DD]) in both a group study and
a multiple-case study. In comparison to chronological age controls, significant
and highly prevalent deficits were found in word reading and reading comprehension
for children with DD. By contrast, deficits in listening comprehension,
oral expression and phonological STM were found to be more significant and
more prevalent in children with SLI. These results are in line with models that
conceive SLI and DD as distinct developmental disorders rather than differing
only in the degree of phonological impairment involved.
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