Reflection literacy
Purpose, practice and possibilities
Reflection literacy (
Hasan 2011 [1996]) proposes that literacy
education should orient learners towards critique and the creation of new knowledge. It is a vision for literacy education which
deserves deeper consideration within the SFL community and beyond. A key component of reflection literacy is argued to be
metalinguistic knowledge, which facilitates conscious reflection on meaning. This paper considers one way that reflection literacy
might be enacted in elementary classrooms that are ‘tilted towards reflection’, arguing that dispositions of reflection can be
developed from the early school years. Evidence is drawn from a series of case studies conducted in Sydney, Australia.
Consideration is also given to how Hasan’s proposal might be used to develop future studies in the field.
Article outline
- 1.What is reflection literacy?
- 1.1Introduction
- 1.2Recognition literacy
- 1.3Action literacy
- 1.4Reflection literacy
- 2.Towards reflection literacy in practice
- 2.1Developing trajectories for reflection literacy in elementary schooling
- 2.2Theories informing practice
- 2.3Reflecting on patterns in literary texts
- 2.3.1Characterisation and narrative development in Piggybook
- 2.3.2Verbal Processes and narrative development in Pumpkin soup
- 2.3.3Reflecting on literature can support recognition and action literacies
- 2.4Reflecting on thematic choice across registers
- 2.4.1Initial orientations to Theme through familiar registers
- 2.4.2Reflecting on Theme to support writing
- 2.5Reflecting on language in Kindergarten
- 3.Reflection literacy in prospect
- 4.Conclusion
- Acknowledgements
- Notes
-
References
References (48)
References
Bernstein, Basil. 1990. The structuring of pedagogic discourse. London: Routledge.
Bernstein, Basil. 2000. Pedagogy, symbolic control and identity: Theory, research, critique. (revised edition). Lanham, MD: Rowman & Littlefield.
Browne, Anthony. 1986. Piggybook. London: Julia MacRae Books.
Carter, Ronald. (ed.) 1990. Knowledge about language and the curriculum: The LINC reader. London: Hodder & Stoughton.
Chambers, Aidan. 1985. Tell me: Are children critics? In Aidan Chambers (ed.), Booktalk: Occasional writing on literature and children, 138–174. New York, NY: Harper & Row.
Chambers, Aidan. 1994. Tell me: Children, reading and talk. Newtown, NSW, Australia: Primary English Teaching Association.
Cloran, Carmel. 1994. Rhetorical units and decontextualisation: An enquiry into some relations of meaning and grammar. Nottingham University, England: Department of English Studies Monograph in Systemic Linguistics, No. 6.
Cooper, Helen. 1998. Pumpkin soup. London: Picture Corgi.
Doherty, Catherine. 2012. A review of The collected works of Ruqaiya Hasan, volume 3. Language and education: Learning and teaching in society. Language and Education 26(6). 569–576.
French, Ruth. 2009.
Pumpkin soup and grammatics: A critical literacy case study with Year 2. In Terrence Hays & Rafat Hussain (eds.), Bridging the gap between ideas and doing research – Proceedings of the 3rd annual postgraduate research conference, the faculty of the professions, University of New England, Armidale NSW, 69–84. Armidale, Australia: University of New England.
French, Ruth. 2010. Primary school children learning grammar: Rethinking the possibilities. In Terry Locke (ed.), Beyond the grammar wars: A resource for teachers and students on developing language knowledge in the English/literacy classroom, 206–229. New York, NY: Routledge.
French, Ruth. 2012. Learning the grammatics of quoted speech: Benefits for punctuation and expressive reading. Australian Journal of Language and Literacy 35(2). 206–222.
French, Ruth. 2013. Teaching and learning functional grammar in junior primary classrooms. Armidale, NSW: University of New England PhD thesis.
Halliday, Michael A. K. 2002 [1996]. On grammar and grammatics. In Michael A. K. Halliday, On grammar, volume 1 in the collected work of M. A. K. Halliday, 384–417. Edited by Jonathan J. Webster. London: Continuum.
Halliday, Michael A. K. 2007 [1988]. Some basic concepts of educational linguistics. In Michael A. K. Halliday, Language and education, volume 9 in the collected work of M. A. K. Halliday, 341–353. Edited by Jonathan J. Webster. London: Continuum.
Halliday, Michael A. K. 2007 [1996]. Literacy and linguistics: A functional perspective. In Michael A. K. Halliday, Language and education, volume 9 in the collected work of M. A. K. Halliday, 97–129. Edited by Jonathan J. Webster. London: Continuum.
Halliday, Michael A. K. & Christian M. I. M. Matthiessen. 2014. Halliday’s introduction to functional grammar (4th edition). London & New York: Routledge.
Harman, Ruth. (ed.) 2018. Bilingual learners and social equity: Critical approaches to systemic functional linguistics. Cham, Switzerland: Springer.
Hasan, Ruqaiya. 1989. Semantic variation and sociolinguistics. Australian Journal of Linguistics 9(2). 221–275.
Hasan, Ruqaiya. 1999. The disempowerment game: Bourdieu and language in literacy. Linguistics and Education 10(1). 25–87.
Hasan, Ruqaiya. 2004. Reading picture reading: A study in ideology and inference. In Joseph A. Foley (ed.), Language, education and discourse: Functional approaches, 43–75. London: Continuum.
Hasan, Ruqaiya. 2011 [1996]. Literacy, everyday talk, and society. In Jonathan J. Webster (ed.), Language and education: Learning and teaching in society, 169–206. London: Equinox.
Hasan, Ruqaiya. 2011. On the process of teaching: A perspective from functional grammar. In Jonathan J. Webster (ed.), Language and education: Learning and teaching in society, 7–47. London: Equinox.
Janks, Hilary. (ed.) 2014. Doing critical literacy: Texts and activities for students and teachers. New York, NY: Routledge.
Luke, Allan. 2013. Defining critical literacy. In Jessica Zacher Pandya & JuliAnna Ávila (eds.), Moving critical literacies forward: A new look at praxis across contexts, 37–49. New York, NY: Routledge.
Luria, Alexander R. 1992. The child and his behavior. In Alexander R. Luria & Lev S. Vygotsky (eds.), Ape, primitive man, and child: Essays in the history of behavior, 87–164. Hemel Hempstead, England: Harvester Wheatsheaf.
Macken-Horarik, Mary, Kristina Love, Carmel Sandiford & Len Unsworth. 2018. Functional grammatics: Re-conceptualizing knowledge about language and image for school English. Abingdon, England: Routledge.
Macquarie dictionary online (7th edition). 2017. Sydney, Australia: Macquarie Dictionary Publishers, an imprint of Pan Macmillan Australia.
Martin, James R. 1999. Grace: The logogenesis of freedom. Discourse Studies 1(1). 29–56.
Martin, James R. 2004. Positive discourse analysis: Solidarity and change. Revista Canaria de Estudios Ingleses 491(November). 179–202.
Paris, Scott G. 2005. Reinterpreting the development of reading skills. Reading Research Quarterly 40(2). 184–202.
Rose, David & James R. Martin. 2012. Learning to write, reading to learn: Genre, knowledge and pedagogy in the Sydney School. Bristol, CT: Equinox.
Schleppegrell, Mary & Jason Moore. 2018. Linguistic tools for supporting emergent critical language awareness in the elementary school. In Ruth Harman (ed.), Bilingual learners and social equity: Critical approaches to systemic functional linguistics, 23–43. Cham, Switzerland: Springer.
Unsworth, Len. 2001. Teaching multiliteracies across the curriculum: Changing contexts of text and image in classroom practice. Maidenhead, England: Open University Press.
Vygotsky, Lev S. 1978. Mind in society: The development of higher psychological processes. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
Vygotsky, Lev S. 1987. Thinking and speech. In Robert W. Rieber & Aaron S. Carton (eds.), The collected works of L. S. Vygotsky: Volume 1: Problems of general psychology, 37–285. New York, NY: Plenum Press.
Whittaker, Rachel, Mick O’Donnell & Anne McCabe. (eds.). 2006. Language and literacy: Functional approaches. London: Continuum.
Williams, Geoff. 1995. Joint book-reading and literacy pedagogy: A socio-semantic examination. Sydney, Australia: Macquarie University PhD thesis.
Williams, Geoff. 1995. Learning systemic–functional grammar in primary schools. In Pamela H. Peters (ed.), Australian English in a pluralist Australia: Proceedings of Style Council 95, 147–162. North Ryde, Australia: Dictionary Research Centre, Macquarie University.
Williams, Geoff. 1996. Reading and literacy. In Peter Hunt (ed.), International companion encyclopedia of children’s literature, 573–583. London: Routledge.
Williams, Geoff. 1998. Children entering literate worlds: Perspectives from the study of textual practices. In Frances Christie & Ray Misson (eds.), Literacy and schooling, 18–46. London: Routledge.
Williams, Geoff. 1999. Grammar as a metasemiotic tool in child literacy development. In Christopher Ward & Willy Renandya (eds.), Language teaching: New insights for the language teacher, 89–124. Singapore: SEAMEO Regional Language Centre.
Williams, Geoff. 2000. Children’s literature, children and uses of language description. In Len Unsworth (ed.), Researching language in schools and communities: Functional linguistic perspectives, 111–129. London: Cassell.
Williams, Geoff. 2004. Ontogenesis and grammatics: Functions of metalanguage in pedagogical discourse. In Geoff Williams & Annabelle Lukin (eds.), The development of language: Functional perspectives on species and individuals, 241–267. London: Continuum.
Williams, Geoff. 2005. Grammatics in schools. In Ruqaiya Hasan, Christian Matthiessen & Jonathan J. Webster (eds.), Continuing discourse on language: A functional perspective, 281–310. London: Equinox.
Williams, Geoff. 2016. Reflection literacy in the first years of schooling: Questions of theory and practice. In Wendy L. Bowcher & Jennifer Yameng Liang (eds.), Society in language, language in society: Essays in honour of Ruqaiya Hasan, 333–356. London: Palgrave Macmillan.