Types syntaxiques des énoncés de jeunes enfants en dialogue avec le père ou la mère
Influence de l’interlocuteur et du type d’activité
Peu d’études ont examiné les effets du statut de l’interlocuteur de l’enfant et des activités dans
lesquelles les dyades parent-enfant interagissent sur les productions syntaxiques de l’enfant, et en particulier sur les
types syntaxiques des énoncés qu’il produit (énoncés avec ou sans verbe, énoncés à présentatif). Cet article a pour
objectif d’analyser l’effet de l’activité en cours et du statut de l’interlocuteur de
l’enfant sur la production et les usages syntaxiques de dyades mère-enfant et père-enfant. De jeunes enfants francophones
(dont l’âge est compris entre 3 et 4 ans) et leurs parents ont été observés dans deux activités : un jeu symbolique (sept
enfants) et un jeu de cartes illustrées (cinq de ces sept enfants). Les différents types syntaxiques de leurs énoncés ont été
analysés en considérant deux variables extralinguistiques reliées à l’usage de ces productions : le type
d’activité et le statut de l’interlocuteur de l’enfant (mère ou père). Nos résultats suggèrent que le type
d’activité et le statut de l’interlocuteur constituent deux variables – parmi d’autres – qui devraient
être prises en compte afin de mieux décrire les usages syntaxiques des enfants et leurs variabilités.
Article outline
- 1.Introduction
- 2.Cadre et précisions théoriques
- 2.1LAE et styles interactionnels des pères et des mères
- 2.2Influence de l’activité dans les interactions parent-enfant
- 3.Questions et hypothèses de recherche
- 4.Méthodologie
- 4.1Sujets et protocole
- 4.2Codage : catégories retenues
- 4.2.1Activités
- 4.2.2Enoncé et types syntaxiques
- 4.2.2.1Prophrases et phatèmes
- 4.2.2.2Enoncés à noyau non verbal
- 4.2.2.3Enoncés à présentatif
- 4.2.2.4Enoncés à prédicat verbal
- 4.3Statistiques
- 5.Résultats
- 5.1Distribution des types syntaxiques des énoncés : influence de l’interlocuteur, toutes activités confondues
- 5.2Distribution des types syntaxiques des énoncés : influence de l’activité
- 6.Discussion
-
Remerciements
- Remarques
-
Références
Article language: French
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