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Metaphor and the Social World
Vol. 7:2 (2017) ► pp.190–212

Language is a ‘Beautiful Creature’, not an ‘Old Fridge’

Direct metaphors as corrective framing devices

 | University of Belgrade
Direct metaphor has been widely studied from the cognitive perspective, but its functions in the communicative dimension (Steen, 2011) remain less well understood. This study investigates direct metaphor as a tool of metaphorical framing (Ottati et al., 2014; Ritchie & Cameron, 2014) in discourse, by examining a corpus of British newspaper texts on the topic of language and language change. The analysis of direct metaphors is sufficient to point to major ideologies of language and communication in the observed media context, which echo broader anxieties over social change, social organization and control. Most notably, unlike the meanings stressed in existing studies, the vast majority of direct metaphors are here found to serve the specific role of relational argumentation. This function is achieved through a kind of ‘corrective framing’, which explicitly juxtaposes two conflicting representations through an ‘A is B and not C’ type of metaphor. The findings are discussed with respect to deliberateness, metaphorical framing and rhetorical goals in discourse. It is hypothesized that corrective framing is among the major functions of direct metaphor in public discourse, which can influence public opinion in ways different from other metaphorically created representations.
Keywords: direct metaphor, metaphorical framing, corrective frames, deliberate metaphor, language ideology
Article outline
  • 1.Introduction
  • 2.Context: Metalinguistic discussions in public discourse
  • 3.Data and method
  • 4.Results
    • 4.1Frequency of direct metaphors of language
    • 4.2Discourse functions of direct metaphors
      • 4.2.1Explanations and relational argumentation
      • 4.2.2‘A is B and not C’: Direct metaphors and corrective frames
  • 5.Implications: Corrective framing in action
  • 6.Are the metaphors used deliberate?
  • 7.Conclusion
  • Notes
  • References


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Published online: 20 November 2017
DOI logo
https://doi.org/10.1075/msw.7.2.02bog
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