Cover not available
Part of
Element Order in Old English and Old High German Translations
Anna Cichosz, Jerzy Gaszewski and Piotr Pęzik
[NOWELE Supplement Series 28] 2016
► pp. 411–419

References

Primary sources
Crawford, S. J. (ed.). 1922. The Old English version of the Heptateuch. EETS 160. London (electronic version retrieved from Dictionary of Old English Corpus on CD-ROM).Google Scholar
Eggers, Hans. (ed.). 1964. Der althochdeutsche Isidor. Nach der Pariser Handschrift und den Monseer Fragmenten. Tübingen: Niemeyer (electronic version retrieved from TITUS: Thesaurus Indogermanischer Text- und Sprachmaterialien, available online at [URL]).
Miller, Thomas. (ed.). 1959–63 [1890–98]. The Old English Version of Bede’s Ecclesiastical History of the English People, 4 vols., EETS 95, 96, 110, 111. London (electronic version retrieved from Dictionary of Old English Corpus on CD-ROM).Google Scholar
Plummer, Charles. (ed.). 1898. Venerabilis Baedae Opera Historica. Oxford: Clarendon (electronic version retrieved from The Latin Library, available online at [URL]).
Sievers, Eduard. (ed.). 1966 [1892]. Tatian. Lateinisch und altdeutsch mit ausführlichem Glossar. Schöningh: Unveränderter Nachdruck Paderborn (electronic version retrieved from TITUS: Thesaurus Indogermanischer Text- und Sprachmaterialien, available online at [URL]).
Skeat, Walter. (ed.). 1970 [1871–87]. The Four Gospels in Anglo-Saxon, Northumbrian, and Old Mercian Versions. Darmstadt: Wissenschaftliche Buchgesellschaft (electronic version retrieved from Dictionary of Old English Corpus on CD-ROM).Google Scholar
Steinmeyer, Emil. Elias (ed.). 1963 [1916]. Die kleineren althochdeutschen Sprachdenkmäler. Berlin: Weidmann (electronic version retrieved from TITUS: Thesaurus Indogermanischer Text- und Sprachmaterialien, available online at [URL]).
Weber, Robert. & Roger Gryson (eds.). 1994. Biblia Sacra Vulgata. Editio quinta. Stuttgart: Deutsche Bibelgesellschaft (electronic version retrieved from The Scholarly Bible Portal of the German Bible Society, available online at [URL]).
Secondary sources
Allen, Cynthia. L. 1995. Case Marking and Reanalysis. Oxford: Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
Axel, Katrin. 2007. Studies on Old High German Syntax: Left Sentence Periphery, Verb Placement and Verb-Second. Amsterdam/Philadelphia: John Benjamins. DOI logoGoogle Scholar
Bahnick, Karen. 1973. The Determination of Stages in the Historical Development of the Germanic Languages by Morphological Criteria. The Hague/Paris: Mouton.Google Scholar
Barret, Charles. Robin. 1953. Studies in the Word-order of Ælfric’s Catholic Homilies and Lives of the Saints. Cambridge: W. Heffer.Google Scholar
Bauer, Brigitte. 2000. Archaic Syntax in Indo-European. The Hague: Mouton. DOI logoGoogle Scholar
Bauer, Laurie. 1983. English Word-Formation. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. DOI logoGoogle Scholar
Bean, Marian. C. 1983. The Development of Word Order Patterns in Old English. London: Croom Helm.Google Scholar
Bech, Kristin. 2001a. Are Old English conjunct clauses really verb-final? In Laurel J. Brinton (ed.), Selected Papers from the 14thInternational Conference on Historical Linguistics, 49–62. Amsterdam/Philadelphia: John Benjamins.Google Scholar
. 2001b. Word Order Patterns in Old and Middle English: A Syntactic and Pragmatic Study. Ph.D. dissertation, University of Bergen.Google Scholar
. 2014. Old ‘truths’, new corpora: Old English conjunct clauses revisited. Paper presented at the 18th International Conference on English Historical Linguistics at Leuven (16 July 2014).Google Scholar
Behaghel, Otto. 1932. Deutsche Syntax. Eine geschichtliche Darstellung. Vol. 4: Wortstellung, Periodenbau. Heidelberg: Winter.Google Scholar
Bernhardt, Karl. A. & Graeme Davis. 1997. The Word Order of Old High German [Studies in German Language and Literature]. Lewiston/Queenston/Lampeter: Edwin Mellen Press.Google Scholar
Biberauer, Theresa and Ian Roberts. 2005. Changing EPP parameters in the history of English: accounting for variation and change. English Language and Linguistics 9. 5–46. DOI logoGoogle Scholar
Blühdorn, Hardarik. 2008. Subordination and coordination in syntax, semantics and discourse: evidence from the study of connectives. In Cathrine Fabricius-Hansen & Wiebke Ramm (eds.), ‘Subordination’ versus ‘Coordination’ in Sentence and Text, 59–85. Amsterdam: John Benjamins. DOI logoGoogle Scholar
Bostock, J. Knight. 1976. A Handbook on Old High German Literature. Oxford: Clarendon Press.Google Scholar
Bosworth, Joseph. (Thomas Northcote Toller et al., eds.). 2010. An Anglo-Saxon Dictionary Online. Faculty of Arts, Charles University in Prague. (Available online at [URL])
Bremmer, Rolf. H. Jr. 2009. An Introduction to Old Frisian. Amsterdam/Philadelphia: John Benjamins. DOI logoGoogle Scholar
Brown, Peter. F., Jennifer C. Lai & Robert L. Mercer. 1991. Aligning sentences in parallel corpora. In Proceedings of the Annual Meeting on Association for Computational Linguistics, 169–176. Association for Computational Linguistics.Google Scholar
Callaway, Morgan. Jr. 1901. The Appositive Participle in Anglo-Saxon. Baltimore: John Murphy.Google Scholar
Calle-Martín, Javier & Antonio Miranda-García. 2010. ‘Gehyrdon ge þæt gecweden wæs’ – a corpus-based approach to verb-initial constructions in Old English. Studia Neophilologica 82. 49–57. DOI logoGoogle Scholar
Capek, M. J. 1970. A note on formula development in Old Saxon. Modern Philology 67. 357–63. DOI logoGoogle Scholar
Chomsky, Noam. 1964. Current Issues in Linguistic Theory. The Hague: Mouton.Google Scholar
Cichosz, Anna. 2010. The Influence of Text Type on the Word Order of Old Germanic Languages: A Corpus-Based Contrastive Study of Old English and Old High German [Studies in Medieval English Language and Literature]. Frankfurt am Main: Peter Lang.Google Scholar
Cichosz, Anna. & Jerzy Gaszewski. 2014. The V-2 phenomenon in the OE Bible: the question of representativeness. Journal of English Linguistics 42 (2). 114–143. DOI logoGoogle Scholar
Clackson, James. 2007. Indo-European Linguistics. An Introduction. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. DOI logoGoogle Scholar
Comrie, Bernard. & Tania Kuteva. 2013a. Relativization on obliques. In Matthew S. Dryer & Martin Haspelmath (eds.), The World Atlas of Language Structures Online. Leipzig: Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology. (Available online at [URL], accessed on 2015-02-05.)
. 2013b. Relativization on subjects. In Matthew S. Dryer & Martin Haspelmath (eds.), The World Atlas of Language Structures Online. Leipzig: Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology. (Available online at [URL], accessed on 2015-02-05.)
. 2013c. Relativization Strategies. In Matthew S. Dryer & Martin Haspelmath (eds.), The World Atlas of Language Structures Online. Leipzig: Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology. (Available online at [URL], accessed on 2015-01-23.)
Connolly, John. H. 1991. Constituent Order in Functional Grammar: Synchronic and Diachronic Perspectives. Berlin: de Gruyter. DOI logoGoogle Scholar
Cowie, Anthony. Paul, Ronald Mackin & I. R. McCaig. 1993. Oxford Dictionary of English Idioms. Oxford/New York: Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
Cowie, Anthony. Paul. 1998. Phraseology: Theory, Analysis, and Applications. Oxford: Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
Crenshaw, John. Bascom. 2013 [1893]. The Present Participle, in Old High German and Middle High German. London: Forgotten Books.Google Scholar
Croft, William. 1993. Typology and Universals. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Crystal, David & Derek, Davy. 1969. Investigating English Style. London: Longman.Google Scholar
Callaway, Morgan Jr. 1933. The Consecutive Subjunctive in Old English. Boston: Heath and Co.Google Scholar
Davis, Graeme. & Karl A. Bernhardt. 2002. Syntax of West Germanic: The Syntax of Old English and Old High German. Göppingen: Kümmerle.Google Scholar
Davis, Graeme. 2006. Comparative Syntax of Old English and Old Icelandic: Linguistic, Literary and Historical Implications. Frankfurt am Main: Peter Lang.Google Scholar
Deutsch Diachron Digital. 2003. Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin. (Available online at [URL])
Diewald, Gabriele. & Ilse Wischer. 2013. Markers of futurity in Old High German and Old English: a comparative corpus-based study. In Gabriele Diewald, Leena Kahlas-Tarkka & Ilse Wischer (eds.), Comparative Studies in Early Germanic Languages, 195–216. Amsterdam/Philadelphia: John Benjamins. DOI logoGoogle Scholar
Diewald, Gabriele. 2003. Kali-Korpus. Leibniz Universität Hannover. (Available online at [URL])
Dittmer, Arne. & Ernst Dittmer. 1998. Studien zur Wortstellung: Satzgliedstellung in der althochdeutschen Tatianübersetzung. Göttingen: Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht.Google Scholar
Dixon, Robert. M. W. 2010. Basic Linguistic Theory. 2 vols. Oxford: Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
Dryer, Matthew. S. 1988. Object-verb order and adjective-noun order: dispelling a myth. Lingua 74. 77–109. DOI logoGoogle Scholar
2013a. Order of object and verb. In Matthew S. Dryer & Martin Haspelmath (eds.), The World Atlas of Language Structures Online. Leipzig: Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology. (Available online at [URL], accessed on 2015-02-27.)
2013b. Order of subject, object and verb. In Matthew S. Dryer & Martin Haspelmath, (eds.) The World Atlas of Language Structures Online. Leipzig: Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology. (Available online at [URL], accessed on 2015-02-27.)
Dittmer, Arne. 1991. Topologie der Spannsätze/Nebensätze (NS) der althochdeutschen Tatianübersetzung. In Elisabeth Feldbusch, Reiner Pogarell, Cornnelia Weiss (eds.), Neue Fragen der Linguistik. Akten des 25. Linguistischen Kolloquiums, Paderborn 1990. Band 1: Bestand und Entwicklung, 183–191. Tübingen: Max Niemeyer.Google Scholar
Dik, Simon C. 1989. The Theory of Functional Grammar. Dordrecht: Foris.Google Scholar
Faarlund, Jan. Terje. 2004. The Syntax of Old Norse. Oxford: Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
Falluomini, Carla. 2014. The Gothic fragment from Bologna. Zeitschrift für deutsches Alterthum und deutsche Litteratur 143(3). 335–361.Google Scholar
Fischer, Olga., Ans van Kemenade, Willem Koopman & Wim van der Wurff. 2000. The Syntax of Early English. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Fischer, Olga. 2010. An analogical approach to grammaticalization. In Katerin Stathi, Elke Gehweiler & Ekkehard König (eds.), Grammaticalization: Current Views and Issues, 181–220. Amsterdam: John Benjamins. DOI logoGoogle Scholar
Fleischer, J.ürg, Roland Hinterhölzl & Michael Solf. 2008. Zum Quellenwert des althochdeutschen Tatian für die Syntaxforschung: Überlegungen auf der Basis von Wortstellungsphänomenen. Zeitschrift für germanistische Linguistik 36. 210–239. DOI logoGoogle Scholar
Freywald, Ulrike. 2009. Kontexte für nicht-kanonische Verbzweitstellung: V2 nach dass und Verwandtes. In Veronika Ehrich, Christian Fortmann, Ingo Reich & Marga Reis (eds.), Koordination und Subordination im Deutschen, 113–134. Hamburg: Buske.Google Scholar
Fuss, Eric. & Carola Tripps. 2002. Variation and change in Old and Middle English: on the validity of the Double Base Hypothesis. Journal of Comparative Germanic Linguistics 4. 171–224. DOI logoGoogle Scholar
Gardner, Faith. 1971. An Analysis of Syntactic Patterns of Old English. The Hague: Mouton de Gruyter.Google Scholar
Gippert, Jost., Javier Martínez, Agnes Korn & Roland Mittmann. 2003. Thesaurus Indogermanischer Text- und Sprachmaterialien. Seminar für vergleichende Sprachwissenschaft de l’Université Johann-Wolfgang-Goethe de Francfort, de l'Ústav starého Predního východu de l’Université Charles de Prague, de l’Institut for Almen og Anvendt Sprogvidenskab de l’Université de Copenhague, Filología Clásica y Románica (Filología Griega) de la Universidad de Oviedo. (Available online at [URL])
Glaser, Elvira. 2000. Der bestimmte Artikel in den althochdeutschen Glossen. In Yvon Desportes (ed.), Zur Geschichte der Nominalgruppe im älteren Deutsch. Festschrift für Paul Valentin, 187–212. Heidelberg: Winter.Google Scholar
Graffi, Giorgio. 2011. The pioneers of linguistic typology: from Gabelentz to Greenberg. In Jae Jung Song (ed.), The Oxford Handbook of Linguistic Typology, 25–42. Oxford: Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
Granger, Sylviane. & Fanny Meunier (eds.). 2008. Phraseology: An Interdisciplinary Perspective. Amsterdam/Philadelphia: John Benjamins. DOI logoGoogle Scholar
Greenberg, Joseph. H. 1963. Some universals of grammar with particular reference to the order of meaningful elements. In Joseph H. Greenberg (ed.), Universals of Human Language, 73–113. Cambridge: MIT Press.Google Scholar
Gering, Hugo. 1876. Die Causalsätze und ihre Partikeln bei den althochd eutschen Übersetzern des achten und neunten Jahrhunderts. Ph.D. dissertation, University of Halle-Wittenberg.Google Scholar
Haeberli, Eric. & Susan Pintzuk. 2012. Revisiting verb (projection) raising in Old English. In Dianne Jonas, John Whitman and Andrew Garret (eds.), Grammatical Change: Origins, Nature, Outcomes, 219–238. Oxford: Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
Haeberli, Eric. 2007. The development of Subject-Verb Inversion in Middle English and the role of language contact. Generative Grammar in Geneva 5. 15–33.Google Scholar
. 2002. Observations on the loss of Verb Second in the history of English. In C. Jan-Wouter Zwart and Werner Abraham (eds.), Studies in Comparative Germanic Syntax, 245–272. Amsterdam: John Benjamins. DOI logoGoogle Scholar
. 2001. Speculations on the syntax of subordinate clauses in Old English. Reading Working Papers in Linguistics 5. 201–229.Google Scholar
Hall, Mark., Eibe Frank, Geoffrey Holmes, Bernhard Pfahringer, Peter Reutemann & Ian H. Witten. 2009. The WEKA Data Mining Software: An Update. SIGKDD Explorations 11(1). DOI logoGoogle Scholar
Haugan, Jens. 2000. Old Norse Word Order and Information Structure. Ph.D. dissertation, University of Trondheim.Google Scholar
Hawkins, John. A. 1994. A Performance Theory of Order and Constituency. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Healey, Antonette. DiPaolo. 2004. Dictionary of Old English Corpus (DOEC). Ann Arbor: University of Michigan Press. (Available online at [URL])
Hinterhölzl, Roland & Svetlana Petrova. 2005. Rhetorical relations and verb placement in Early Germanic Languages: evidence from the Old High German Tatian translation (9th century). In Manfred Stede, Christian Chiarcos, Michael Grabski and Luuk Lagerwerf (eds.), Salience in Discourse: Multidisciplinary Approaches to Discourse, 71–79. Münster: Stichting/Nodus.Google Scholar
Hogg, Richard. 2002. An Introduction to Old English. Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press.Google Scholar
Hopper, Paul. J. 1975. The Syntax of the Simple Sentence in Proto-Germanic. The Hague/Paris: Mouton.Google Scholar
Hróarsdóttir, Thorbjörg. 2000. Word order change in Icelandic: From OV to VO. Amsterdam: Benjamins.Google Scholar
Janko, Ji.ři. 2001. The Typology of the Relative Clause in Old High German: A Corpus Analysis. Berkeley: University of California at Berkeley.Google Scholar
Kemenade, Ans. van. 1987. Syntactic Case and Morphological Case in the History of English. Dordrecht: Foris. DOI logoGoogle Scholar
Kida, Ireneusz. 2014. A Corpus-based Dynamic Approach to Para-hypotaxis: Implications for Diachronic Corpus Linguistic Analysis. Katowice: Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Śląskiego.Google Scholar
Kohonen, Viljo. 1978. On the Development of English Word Order in Religious Prose around 1000 and 1200 A.D. Åbo: Åbo Akademi.Google Scholar
Koopman, Willem. 2005. Transitional syntax: Post-verbal pronouns and particles in Old English. English Language and Linguistics 9.1. 47–62. DOI logoGoogle Scholar
Kristjánsson, Jónas. 1988. Eddas and Sagas: Iceland’s Medieval Literature. Translated by Peter Foote. Reykjavik: Hið íslenska bókmenntafélag.Google Scholar
Kroch, Anthony. & Ann Taylor. 1997. Verb movement in Old and Middle English: dialect variation and language contact. In Ans van Kemenade and Nigel Vincent (eds.), Parameters of Morphosyntactic Change, 297–325. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Lambrecht, Knud. 1994. Information Structure and Sentence Form: Topic, Focus, and the Mental Representations of Discourse Referents. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. DOI logoGoogle Scholar
Lass, Roger. 1994. Old English: A Historical Linguistic Companion. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. DOI logoGoogle Scholar
Lehmann, Winfred. P. (Jonathan Slocum, ed.). 2005. A Grammar of Proto-Germanic. Linguistics Research Center, University of Texas at Austin.Google Scholar
Lehmann, Winfried. P. 1973. A structural principle of language and its implications. Language 49. 47–66. DOI logoGoogle Scholar
Li, Charles N. & Sandra A. Thompson. 1976. Subject and topic a new typology of language. In Charles N. Li (ed.), Subject and Topic, 223–66. New York: Academic Press.Google Scholar
Lippert, J.örg. 1974. Beiträge zu Technik und Syntax althochdeutscher Übersetzungen unter besonderer Berücksichtigung der Isidorgruppe und des althochdeutschen Tatian. München: Wilhelm Fink.Google Scholar
Lockwood, William. B. 1968. Historical German Syntax. Oxford: Clarendon Press.Google Scholar
Lord, Albert. Bates. 2000 [1960]. The Singer of Tales. Cambridge: Harvard University Press.Google Scholar
Los, Bettelou. 2009. The consequences of the loss of verb-second in English: information structure and syntax in interaction. English Language and Linguistics 13 (1). 97–125. DOI logoGoogle Scholar
Lowrey, Brian. 2012. Grammaticalisation and the Old English modals. Quaderna. (Available online at [URL], accessed on 15–07–2014.)
Magoun, F. P. 1953. Oral-Formulaic character of Anglo-Saxon narrative poetry. Speculum 28. 446–67. DOI logoGoogle Scholar
Mailhammer, Robert. & Elena Smirnova. 2013. Incipient grammaticalisation: sources of passive constructions in Old High German and Old English. In Gabriele Diewald, Leena Kahlas-Tarkka and Ilse Wischer (eds.), Comparative Studies in Early Germanic Languages, 41–70. Amsterdam/Philadelphia: John Benjamins. DOI logoGoogle Scholar
Marsden, Richard. 1991. Ælfric as translator: the Old English Prose Genesis. Anglia 109. 319–358.Google Scholar
. 1995. The Text of the Old Testament in Anglo-Saxon England [Cambridge Studies in Anglo-Saxon England]. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
. 2004. The Cambridge Old English Reader. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. DOI logoGoogle Scholar
McEnery, Tony. & Andrew Wilson. 2001. Corpus Linguistics: An Introduction. Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press.Google Scholar
Mel’čuk, Igor. 2001. Collocations and lexical functions. In Anthony Paul Cowie (ed.), Phraseology: Theory, Analysis, and Applications, 23–54. Oxford: Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
Miller, Thomas. (transl.). 1999. The Old English Version of Bede’s Ecclesiastical History of the English People. Cambridge/Ontario: In Parentheses Publications (Old English Series). (Available at [URL], accessed on 20–12. (2014.)
Mitchell, Bruce. 1985. Old English Syntax. Oxford: Clarandon Press. DOI logoGoogle Scholar
Munday, Jeremy. 2001. Introducing Translation Studies. London/New York: Routledge.Google Scholar
Näf, Anton. 1979. Die Wortstellung in Notkers Consolatio. Untersuchungen zur Syntax und Übersetzungstechnik. Berlin/New York: Walter de Gruyter.Google Scholar
Ohkado, Masayuki. 2004. On the structure and function of V1 constructions in Old English. English Studies 85. 2–16 DOI logoGoogle Scholar
. 2005. Clause structure in Old English. Ph.D. dissertation, University of Amsterdam.Google Scholar
Page, Denys Lionel. 1976. History and the Homeric Iliad. Berkeley: University of California Press.Google Scholar
Parry, Milman. 1930. Studies in the epic technique of oral verse-making. Homer and Homeric style. Harvard Studies in Classical Philology 41. 73–147. DOI logoGoogle Scholar
Payne, Doris. L. 1992. Introduction. In Doris L. Payne (ed.), Pragmatics of Word Order Flexibility, 1–14. Amsterdam/Philadelphia: John Benjamins. DOI logoGoogle Scholar
Penzl, Herbert. 1986. Althochdeutsch. Bern/Frankfurt am Main/New York: Peter Lang.Google Scholar
Petersen, William. Lawrence. 1994. Tatian’s Diatessaron: Its Creation, Dissemination, Significance and History in Scholarship. Leiden: Brill. DOI logoGoogle Scholar
Petrova, Svetlana. & Michael Solf. 2009. On the methods of information-structural analysis in historical texts: a case study on Old High German. In Roland Hinterhőlzl and Svetlana Petrova (eds.), Information Structure and Language Change, 121–160. The Hague: Mouton.Google Scholar
Petrova, Svetlana. & Roland Hinterhölzl. 2010. Evidence for two types of focus positions in Old High German. In Gisella Ferraresi and Rosemarie Lühr (eds.), Diachronic Studies on Information Structure, 189–217. Berlin/New York: de Gruyter.Google Scholar
Petrova, Svetlana. 2006. A discourse-based approach to verb placement in early West-Germanic. In S. Ishihara, M. Schmitz and A. Schwarz (eds.), Working Papers of the SFB632, Interdisciplinary studies on information structure (ISIS) 5, 153–182. Potsdam: Universitätsverlag Potsdam.Google Scholar
. 2009. Information structure and word order variation in the Old High German Tatian. In Roland Hinterhőlzl & Svetlana Petrova (eds.), Information Structure and Language Change, 251–280. The Hague: Mouton.Google Scholar
. 2014. The impact of focusing and defocusing on word order: changes at the periphery in Old English and Old High German. In Terttu Nevalainen & Elizabeth Closs Traugott (eds.), The Oxford Handbook of the History of English, 846–858. Oxford: Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
Pfenninger, Simone. 2013. Þær wæs vs. thar was: Old English and Old High German existential constructions with adverbs of place. In Gabriele Diewald, Leena Kahlas-Tarkka & Ilse Wischer (eds.), Comparative Studies in Early Germanic Languages, 263–288. Amsterdam/Philadelphia: John Benjamins. DOI logoGoogle Scholar
Pintzuk, Susan. & Leendert Plug. 2002. The York-Helsinki Parsed Corpus of Old English Poetry. Department of Linguistics, University of York. Oxford Text Archive. (Available online at [URL])
Pintzuk, Susan. 1999. Phrase Structures in Competition: Variation and Change in Old English Word Order. New York: Garland.Google Scholar
. 1996. Old English Verb-Complement word order and the change from OV to VO. York Papers in Linguistics 17. 241–264.Google Scholar
Pol, Nikki. van de. 2012. Between copy and cognate: The origin of absolutes in Old and Middle English. In Lars Johanson & Martine Robbeets (eds.), Copies Versus Cognates in Bound Morphology, 297–322. Leiden: Brill.Google Scholar
Preacher, Kristopher. J. 2001. Calculation for the Chi-square Test: An Interactive Calculation Tool for Chi-square Tests of Goodness of Fit and Independence [Computer software]. (Available online at [URL])
Petrova, Svetlana. 2012. The impact of focusing and defocusing on word order: Changes at the periphery in Old English and Old High German. In Terttu Nevalainen & Elizabeth Closs Traugott (eds.), The Oxford Handbook of the History of English, 846–858. Oxford: Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
Quinlan, John. Ross. 1993. C4. 5: Programs for Machine Learning. San Francisco: Morgan Kaufmann.Google Scholar
Quirk, Randolph. & C.L. Wrenn. 1955. An Old English Grammar. London/New York: Methuen.Google Scholar
Ramat, Paolo. 2011. The (early) history of linguistic typology. In Jae Jung Song (ed.), The Oxford Handbook of Linguistic Typology, 9–24. Oxford: Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
Reszkiewicz, Alfred. 1966. Ordering of Elements in Late Old English Prose in Terms of Their Size and Structural Complexity. Wrocław/Warszawa/Kraków: Wydawnictwo PAN.Google Scholar
Ringe, Don. & Ann Taylor. 2014. The Development of Old English. Oxford: Oxford University Press. DOI logoGoogle Scholar
Rissanen, Matti., Merja Kytö, Leena Kahlas-Tarkka, Matti Kilpiö, Saara Nevanlinna, Irma Taavitsainen, Terttu Nevalainen & Helena Raumolin-Brunberg. 1991. The Helsinki Corpus of English Texts. Department of Modern Languages, University of Helsinki.Google Scholar
Roberts, Ian. 1997. Directionality and word order change in the history of English. In Ans van Kemenade & Nigel Vincent (eds.), Parameters of Morphosyntactic Change, 397–426. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Robinson, Orrin. W. 1992. Old English and Its Closest Relatives. London: Routledge.Google Scholar
1997. Clause Subordination and Verb Placement in the Old High German Isidor Translation. Heidelberg: Universitätsverlag C. Winter.Google Scholar
Rowley, Sharon. M. 2011. The Old English version of Bede’s Historia Ecclesiastica. Cambridge: Brewer.Google Scholar
Ruppel, Antonia. 2013. Absolute Constructions in Early Indo-European. Cambridge: Cambridge Classical Studies.Google Scholar
Salmons, Joseph. 2012. A History of German: What the Past Reveals about Today’s Language. Oxford: Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
Schallert, Oliver. 2007. Die Stellung von Verben und Objekten in der rechten Peripherie: OV- und VO-Strukturen im Althochdeutschen. Moderne Sprachen 51. 17–107.Google Scholar
Scheler, Manfred. 1961. Altenglische Lehnsyntax. Die syntaktischen Latinismen in Altenglischen. Berlin: Ernst-Reuter.Google Scholar
Schlachter, Ewa. 2009. Word order variation and information structure in Old High German: an analysis of subordinate dhaz-clauses in Isidor. In Roland Hinterhőlzl & Svetlana Petrova (eds.), Information Structure and Language Change, 223–250. The Hague: Mouton.Google Scholar
Segura, Laura. Esteban and Nadia Obegi Gallardo. 2007. Absolute constructions in Old English Gospels: a case-study. Selim Journal 14. 87–105.Google Scholar
Shay, Scott. 2008. The History of English: A Linguistic Introduction. San Francisco/Washington: Wardja.Google Scholar
Sievers, Eduard. 1892. Tatian. Lateinisch und altdeutsch mit ausführlichem Glossar. Paderborn: Schöningh.Google Scholar
Sinclair, John. 1991. Corpus, Concordance, Collocation. Oxford: Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
Skandera, Paul. (ed.). 2007. Phraseology and Culture in English. [Topics in English Linguistics 54]. Berlin, New York: Mouton de Gruyter.Google Scholar
Smith, Jesse. 1971. Word Order in the Older Germanic Dialects. Ph.D. Dissertation, University of Illinois.Google Scholar
Song, Jae. Jung. 2011. Word order typology In Jae Jung Song (ed.), The Oxford Handbook of Linguistic Typology, 253–279. Oxford: Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
Stallings, Lynne. M. & Maryellen C. MacDonald. 2011. It’s not just the ‘Heavy NP’: Relative Phrase Length Modulates the Production of Heavy-NP Shift. Journal of Psycholinguistic Research 40 (3). 177–187. DOI logoGoogle Scholar
Stanton, Robert. 2002. The Culture of Translation in Anglo-Saxon England. Cambridge: D.S. Brewer.Google Scholar
St-Jacques, Raymon C. 1983. Hwilum word be worde, hwilum andgit of andgiete? Bede’s Ecclesiastical History and its Old English translator. Florilegium 5. 85–104.Google Scholar
Stockwell, Robert. P. & Donka Minkova. 1987. Verb Phrase Conjunction in Old English. In Henning Andersen (ed.), Selected Papers from the 8th International Conference on Historical Linguistics, 499–516. Amsterdam/Philadelphia: John Benjamins.Google Scholar
. 1991. Subordination and Word Order Change in the History of English. In Dieter Kastovsky (ed.), Historical English Syntax, 367–408. Berlin/New York: Mouton de Gruyter. DOI logoGoogle Scholar
Taylor, Ann. & Susan Pintzuk. 2014. Testing the theory: information structure in Old English. In Kristin Bech and Kristine Gunn Eide (eds.), Information Structure and Syntactic Change in Germanic and Romance Languages, 53–80. Amsterdam/Philadelphia: Benjamins. DOI logoGoogle Scholar
Taylor, Ann., Anthony Warner, Susan Pintzuk & Frank Beths. 2003. The York-Toronto-Helsinki Parsed Corpus of Old English Prose (YCOE). Department of Linguistics, University of York. Oxford Text Archive. (Available online at [URL])
Taylor, Ann. 2008. Contact effects of translation: distinguishing two kinds of influence in Old English. Language Variation and Change 20 (3). 341–365.Google Scholar
Tiedemann, J.örg. 2004. Word to word alignment strategies. Proceedings of the 20th international Conference on Computational Linguistics. Association for Computational Linguistics. DOI logoGoogle Scholar
Timofeeva, Olga. 2010. Non-finite Constructions in Old English. With Special Reference to Syntactic Borrowing from Latin. Jyväskylä: WS Bookwell.Google Scholar
Tomaselli, Alessandra. 1991. Cases of V-3 in Old High German. Groninger Arbeiten zur Germanistischen Linguistik 33. 93–127.Google Scholar
Traugott, Elizabeth. 1972. A History of English Syntax. New York/Chicago/San Francisco/Atlanta/ Dallas/Montreal/Toronto/London/Sydney: Holt, Rinehart and Winston.Google Scholar
. 1992. Syntax. In Richard M. Hogg (ed.), The Cambridge History of the English Language, vol. 1: The Beginnings to 1066, 168–289. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Vennemann, Theo. 1974. Analogy in generative grammar, the origin of word order. In Luigi Heilmann (ed.), Proceedings of the Eleventh International Congress of Linguists, 79–83. Bologna: Il Mulino.Google Scholar
Venuti, Lawrence. 2000. Foundational statements. In Lawrence Venuti (ed.), The Translation Studies Reader, 11–20. New York/London: Routledge. DOI logoGoogle Scholar
Wal, Marijke. J. van der & Aad Quak. 1994. Old and Middle Continental West Germanic. In Ekkehard Kőnig & Johan van der Auwera (eds.), The Germanic Languages, 72–109. London: Routledge.Google Scholar
Walkden, George. 2013. The status of hwæt in Old English. English Language and Linguistics 17. 465–488. DOI logoGoogle Scholar
. 2014. Syntactic Reconstruction and Proto-Germanic. Oxford: Oxford University Press. DOI logoGoogle Scholar
Wray, Alison. 2002. Formulaic Language and the Lexicon. Cambridge, UK/New York: Cambridge University Press. DOI logoGoogle Scholar
Wunder, Dieter. 1965. Der Nebensatz bei Otfrid. Untersuchungen zur Syntax des deutschen Nebensatzes. Heidelberg: Winter.Google Scholar