This paper explores the presence and function of pragmatic markers
(PMs) which have been argued to be associated with Irish English (Kallen
2006; Schneider 2008; Amador-Moreno 2010; Clancy and Vaughan 2012;
Schweinberger 2012), through an analysis of a corpus of advertisements from
an Irish radio channel. Following Lee (1992), the ads themselves are broken
into the “Action” (usually comprised of context-based dialogic interaction) and
“Comment” (generally monologic, decontextualised and associated with the
slogan or voice of authority) components (Sussex 1989). The rationale for this
division is based on the hypothesis that the location of PMs according to these
components can throw light on their function as primarily related to supporting
discourse cohesion or as connotational, relating to heteroglossia as “linguistic
fetish” in advertising texts (Kelly-Holmes 2005).
Advertarchive. 2013. American Express Advert from the 1980s – Don’t Leave Home without It [video online]. Retrieved April 20 2013 from [URL].
Aijmer, Karin, and Anne-Marie Simon-Vandenbergen. 2011. “Pragmatic Markers.” In Discursive Pragmatics, ed. by Jan Zienkowski, Jan-Ola Östman and Jef Verschueren, 223–247. Amsterdam: John Benjamins.
Amador-Moreno, Carolina P. 2005. “Discourse Markers in Irish English: An Example from Literature.” In The Pragmatics of Irish English, ed. by Anne Barron and Klaus P. Schneider, 73–100. Berlin: Mouton de Gruyter.
Amador-Moreno, Carolina P. 2010. An Introduction to Irish English. London: Equinox.
Antaki, Charles. 2002. An Introduction to Conversation Analysis. Retrieved April 19 2011 from [URL].
Bailey, B. 2007. “Heteroglossia and Boundaries.” In Bilingualism: A Social Approach, ed. by Monica Heller, 257–276. Basingstoke: Palgrave.
Bakhtin, Mikhail M. 1981. The Dialogic Imagination: Four Essays by M.M. Bakhtin, ed. by Michael Holquist. Austin: University of Texas Press.
Barthes, Roland. 1981. “Theory of Text.” In Untying the Text: A Poststructuralist Reader, ed. by Robert Young, 31–47. London: Routledge and Kegan Paul.
Blakemore, Diane. 1988. “‘So’ as a Constraint on Relevance.” In Mental Representations: The Interface Between Language and Reality, ed. by Ruth M. Kempson, 183–195. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Blakemore, Diane. 2002. Relevance and Linguistic Meaning: The Semantics and Pragmatics of Discourse Markers. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Bolden, Galina B. 2009. “Implementing Incipient Actions: The Discourse Marker ‘So’ in English Conversation.” Journal of Pragmatics 41: 974–998.
Brinton, Laurel J. 1996. Pragmatic Markers in English: Grammaticalisation and Discourse Functions. Berlin: Mouton de Gruyter.
Clancy, Brian. 2000. A Case Study of the Linguistic Features of a Limerick Family. Unpublished Master’s dissertation, University of Limerick.
Cook, Guy. 2001. The Discourse of Advertising. London: Routledge.
Dafouz-Milne, Emma. 2008. “The Pragmatic Role of Textual and Interpersonal Metadiscourse Markers in the Construction and Attainment of Persuasion: A Cross-linguistic Study of Newspaper Discourse”. Journal of Pragmatics 40: 95–113.
Dolan, Terence P. 2004. A Dictionary of Hiberno-English. Dublin: Gill and Macmillan.
Drennan, John. 2009. An exploration of the link between changes in Irish society over four decades and their reflection in the ads on RTE Radio 1 during this period. Unpublished Master’s dissertation, Mary Immaculate College, University of Limerick.
Fairclough, Norman. 1994. “Conversationalization of Public Discourse and the Authority of the Consumer”. In The Authority of the Consumer, ed. by Russell Keat, Nigel Whiteley, and Nicholas Abercrombie, 235–249. London: Routledge.
Ferrara, Kathleen. 1997. “Form and Function of the Discourse Marker Anyway: Implications for Discourse Analysis” Linguistics 35: 343–378.
Ferriter, Diarmaid. 2004. The Transformation of Ireland, 1900–2000. London: Profile.
Fetzer, Anita. 2009. “Sort of and Kind of in Political Discourse: Hedge, Head of NP or Contextualization Cue?” In Corpora: Pragmatics and Discourse. Papers from the 29th International Conference on English Language Research on Computerized Corpora, ed. by Andreas Jucker, Marianne Hundt and Daniel Schreier, 125–147. Amsterdam: Rodopi.
Filppula, Markku. 1999. The Grammar of Irish English: Language in Hibernian style. London: Routledge.
Fraser, Bruce. 1999. “What Are Discourse Markers?” Journal of Pragmatics 31: 931–952.
Fuertes-Olivera, Pedro A., Marisol Velasco-Sacristán, Ascension Arribas-Baño, and Eva Samaniego-Fernández. 2001. “Persuasion and Advertising English: Metadiscourse in Slogans and Headlines”. Journal of Pragmatics 33: 1291–1307.
Fuller, Janet. 2003. “The Influence of Speaker Roles on Discourse Marker Use”. Journal of Pragmatics 35: 23–45.
Hickey, Raymond. 2004. A Sound Atlas of Irish English. Berlin: Mouton de Gruyter.
Hickey, Raymond. 2012. Variation and Change in Dublin English. Amsterdam: John Benjamins.
Huspek, Michael. 1989. “Linguistic Variability and Power: An Analysis of You Know/I Think Variation in Working-class Speech”. Journal of Pragmatics 13: 661–683.
Hyland, Ken. 1998. “Persuasion and Context: The Pragmatics of Academic Metadiscourse”. Journal of Pragmatics 30: 437–455.
Johnson, Alison. 2002. “So ...?: Pragmatic Implications of So-prefaced Questions in Formal Police Interviews”. In Language in the Legal Process, ed. by Janet Cotterill, 91–110. New York: Palgrave Macmillan.
Johnstone, Barbara. 1991. “Discourse-level Aspects of Dialect in Fiction: A Southern American Example”. Language and Style 24: 461–471.
Joyce, P.W. 1979. English as We Speak It in Ireland. Dublin: Wolfhound Press.
Jucker, Andreas H. 1993. “The Discourse Marker Well: A Relevance-theoretical Account”. Journal of Pragmatics 19: 435–452.
Kallen, Jeffrey L. 2006. “Arrah, Like, You Know: The Dynamics of Discourse Marking in ICE-Ireland”. Paper given at Sociolinguistics Symposium 16, Limerick, July 2006.
Kelly-Holmes, Helen. 2005. Advertising as Multilingual Communication. London: Palgrave Macmillan.
Kelly-Holmes, Helen, and David Atkinson. 2007. “‘When Hector met Tom Cruise’: Attitudes to Irish in a Radio Satire”. In Language in the Media: Representations, Identities, Ideologies, ed. by S.A. Johnson and A. Ensslin, 173–187. London: Continuum.
Kirk, John M., and Jeffrey L. Kallen. 2009. “Just in Irish Standard English”. In Corpora and Discourse – and Stuff. Papers in Honour of Karin Aijmer, ed. by Rhonwen Bowen, Mats Mobärg, and Sölve Ohlander, 149–158. Göteborg: Göteborgs Universitet.
Lee, David. 1992. Competing Discourses: Perspective and Ideology in Language. London: Longman.
Macaulay, Ronald. 2002. “You Know, It Depends – Vous Savez, Cela Depend”. Journal of Pragmatics 6: 746–767.
Marx, Karl, and Engels, Friedrich. 1959 [1894]. Capital, Vol. 3. London: Lawrence and Wishart.
Miller, Jim, and Regina Weinert. 1995. “The Function of LIKE in Dialogue”. Journal of Pragmatics 23: 365–393.
O’Sullivan, Joan. 2013. “Advanced Dublin English in Irish Radio Advertising”. World Englishes 32: 358–376.
Partridge, Eric. 1984. A Dictionary of Slang and Unconventional English. London: Routledge and Kegan Paul.
Piller, Ingrid. 2001. “Identity Constructions in Multilingual Advertising”. Language in Society 30: 153–186.
Schiffrin, Deborah. 1985. “Conversational Coherence: The Role of ‘Well’”, Language 61 (3): 640–667.
Schiffrin, Deborah. 1987. Discourse Markers. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Schiffrin, Deborah. 2001. “Discourse Markers: Language, Meaning and Context”. In Handbook of Discourse Analysis, ed. by Deborah Schiffrin, Heidi E. Hamilton, and Deborah Tannen, 54–75. Malden, MA: Basil Blackwell.
Schneider, Klaus P. 2008. “Small Talk in England, Ireland, and the USA.” In Variational Pragmatics: A Focus on Regional Varieties in Pluricentric Languages, ed. by Klaus P. Schneider and Anne Barron, 99–139. Amsterdam: John Benjamins.
Schweinberger, Martin. 2012. “The Discourse Marker LIKE in Irish English”. In New Perspectives on Irish English, ed. by Bettina Migge and Máire Ní Chiosáin, 179–201. Amsterdam: John Benjamins.
Simon-Vandenbergen, Anne-Marie. 1998. “I Think and Its Dutch Equivalents in Parliamentary Debates.” In Corpora and Crosslinguistic Research. Theory, Method and Case Studies, ed. by Stig Johansson and Signe Oksefjell, 297–317. Amsterdam: Rodopi.
Simon-Vandenbergen, Anne-Marie. 2000. “The Functions of I Think in Political Discourse”. International Journal of Applied Linguistics 10 (1): 41–63.
Sperber, Dan, and Deirdre Wilson. 1986. Relevance: Communication and Cognition. Oxford: Basil Blackwell.
Sussex, Roland. 1989. “The Americanisation of Australian English: Prestige Models in the Media”. In Australian English: The Language of a New Society, ed. by Peter Collins and David Blair, 158–170. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Todd, Loreto. 1999. Green English: Ireland’s Influence on the English Language. Dublin: O’Brien Press.
Trudgill, Peter. 1972. “Sex, Covert Prestige and Linguistic Change in the Urban British English of Norwich”. Language in Society 1 (2): 175–195.
Wells, John C. 1982. Accents of English. (3 vols). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Woolard, Kathryn A. 1998. “Language Ideology as a Field of Inquiry”. In Language Ideologies: Practice and Theory, ed. by Bambi B. Schieffelin, Kathryn A. Woolard, and Paul V. Kroskrity, 3–50. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Wright, Peter. 1981. Cockney Dialect and Slang. London: Batsford.
Cited by (4)
Cited by four other publications
P. Amador-Moreno, Carolina
2023. Discourse-Pragmatic Markers in Irish English. In The Oxford Handbook of Irish English, ► pp. 426 ff.
Vaughan, Elaine
2023. Politeness in Irish English. In The Oxford Handbook of Irish English, ► pp. 448 ff.
2018. What’s Left to Say About Irish English Progressives? “I’m Not Going Having Any Conversation with You”. Corpus Pragmatics 2:3 ► pp. 289 ff.
This list is based on CrossRef data as of 24 july 2024. Please note that it may not be complete. Sources presented here have been supplied by the respective publishers.
Any errors therein should be reported to them.