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Perspectives on Evidentiality in Spanish: Explorations across genres
Edited by Carolina Figueras Bates and Adrián Cabedo
[Pragmatics & Beyond New Series 290] 2018
► pp. 205–222

Chapter 9
según along time

Following an epistemic path

| Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México-Universidad Autónoma de Querétaro
| Universidad Autónoma de Querétaro
This paper attempts to show that según has developed not only evidential reportative functions, but also a set of meanings that move towards the dominion of epistemicity. Diachronic analysis, shows that the original meaning of según (Lat. secundare ‘to second, to follow’) gradually moves towards evidential domains. A synchronic analysis of written and oral contemporary Spanish, shows an increase on reportative uses in both registers. Epistemic meanings are considerably more frequent in oral data, and some of these meanings (i.e. questioning the trustworthiness of a proposition) are only found in this register. It is proposed that as some properties of the core meaning are lost – particularly the link with the source of information – the degree of subjective evaluation of the event increases (Langacker 1990). It is also claimed that según functions as a space builder (Fauconnier 1985), becoming an evidential-epistemic marker such that the assertion is never located in the space of reference and only shows up in an alternative space where veracity is restricted to the conceptualizer’s domain. Thus, while third person uses are mostly epistemic, first and second person subjects impose an attenuative reading.
Keywords: evidentiality, epistemic markers, según , Spanish
Article outline
  • 1.Introduction
  • 2.Methods
    • 2.1Data and corpora
    • 2.2 Meanings and uses
  • 3.The diachrony of según
    • 3.1General patterns
    • 3.2Reportatives and rhetoric forms
    • 3.3The establishment of the reportative meaning
    • 3.4The emergency of epistemic uses
  • 4.Tracing the epistemic path. Evidence from oral corpora
  • 5.Conclusions
  • Notes
  • Corpora
  • References
Published online: 24 July 2018
DOI logo
https://doi.org/10.1075/pbns.290.09mal
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Butragueño Martín, Pedro, and Yolanda Lastra. 2011. Corpus sociolingüístico de la ciudad de México. México: El Colegio de México. [URL].Google Scholar
Real Academia Española: Banco de datos (CORDE) [online]. Corpus diacrónico del español. [URL].
: Banco de datos (CREA) [online]. Corpus de referencia del español actual. [URL].
: Banco de datos (CORPES XXI) [en línea]. Corpus del Español del Siglo XXI (CORPES). [URL].
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Cited by (2)

Cited by two other publications

Figueras Bates, Carolina
2019. Razonamiento y Vigilancia Epistémica: Una Explicación Relevantista de los Evidencialespor lo vistoyse ve que. Pragmática Sociocultural / Sociocultural Pragmatics 7:1 ► pp. 71 ff. DOI logo
Cabedo Nebot, Adrián & Carolina Figueras Bates
2018. Chapter 1. Evidentiality in discourse. In Perspectives on Evidentiality in Spanish [Pragmatics & Beyond New Series, 290], ► pp. 1 ff. DOI logo

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