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Pragmatics: Online-First Articles

The use and perception of question tags in Trinidadian English

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This study presents an analysis of the use and perception of variant question tags and the seven invariant forms eh, ent, nah, OK, not so, right, and you know in Trinidadian English. The analysis of use is based on four dialogue text types from the Trinidad and Tobago component of the International Corpus of English and takes a variationist approach. The analysis of the perception is based on a survey that combines a multiple-choice test, where participants were presented with different dialogue scenarios and had to select the form they found most appropriate, and an indirect language attitude test, in which participants rated the use of the eight question tags on attitudinal scales and added open comments. The usage and perception profiles of the eight forms largely overlap but there are marked differences for individual forms.
Keywords: pragmatic markers, question tags, Trinidad, International Corpus of English, corpus-pragmatics, language attitudes
Article outline
  • 1.Introduction
  • 2.Theoretical background
    • 2.1Question tags
    • 2.2Trinidad English/Creole
  • 3.Data, participants, and methods
  • 4.Usage profiles of question tags in Trinidadian English
  • 5.The perception of question tags
  • 6.Similarities and differences between use and perception of question tags
  • Acknowledgements
  • Notes
  • References
Published online: 23 October 2023
DOI logo
https://doi.org/10.1075/prag.22071.wes
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