The Ethnopragmatics of Jish Arabic-speaking culture
The aim of this paper is to describe five speech practices employed by Jish Arabic speakers: greeting a passerby,
forms of address, necessary expressions when talking about death, necessary expressions when praising someone, and necessary
expressions when mentioning entities of “low” value. These five speech practices are described using the Cultural Scripts
Approach, which employs simple, universal language, thus enhancing descriptive accuracy and reducing ethnocentrism.
Article outline
- 1.Introduction
- 2.Jish Arabic
- 3.NSM and the cultural scripts approach
- 3.1NSM
- 3.2The cultural scripts approach
- 4.Some cultural norms in Jish
- 4.1Greeting a passer-by
- 4.2Forms of address
- 4.3Necessary expressions when talking about death
- 4.4Necessary expressions when praising someone
- 4.5Necessary expressions when mentioning entities of “low” value
- 5.Discussion
- 6.Conclusion
- Acknowledgments
- Note
-
References
References (54)
References
Abbasi, Mustafa. 2010. Al-Jish: Tārīkh Qaryah Jalīliyyah [Jish: The History of a Galilean
Village]. Jish: Jish Local Council.![Google Scholar](https://benjamins.com/logos/google-scholar.svg)
Abbasi, Mustafa. 2016. “The
Battle for the Galilee: Maronites and The Palestine Village of Jish during the 1948
War.” Journal of Holy Land and Palestine
Studies 15 (2): 249–73. ![DOI logo](https://benjamins.com/logos/doi-logo.svg)
![Google Scholar](https://benjamins.com/logos/google-scholar.svg)
Al-Amro, Mohammad A. 2013. The Sociolinguistics of
Compliment Behavior in Najdi Saudi Arabic. Unpublished Ph.D.
Thesis. Muncie, Indiana: Ball State University.![Google Scholar](https://benjamins.com/logos/google-scholar.svg)
Al-Harahsheh, Ahmad Mohammad, and Rafat Mahmoud Al-Rousan. 2020. “Animal
Names Used to Address People in Jordanian Spoken Arabic.” Dirasat, Human and Social
Sciences 47 (1): 328–37.![Google Scholar](https://benjamins.com/logos/google-scholar.svg)
Al-Khatib, Mahmoud A. 1995. “A Sociolinguistic View of
Linguistic Taboo in Jordanian Arabic.” Journal of Multilingual & Multicultural
Development 16 (6): 443–57. ![DOI logo](https://benjamins.com/logos/doi-logo.svg)
![Google Scholar](https://benjamins.com/logos/google-scholar.svg)
Almalki, Omar. 2012. Semantics
and Pragmatics of Religious Formulae Used by Teachers in Saudi Arabian Classroom
Talk. Sydney: Unpublished Ph.D. Thesis. Macquarie University.![Google Scholar](https://benjamins.com/logos/google-scholar.svg)
Ameka, Felix, and Anneke Breedveld. 2004. “Areal
Cultural Scripts for Social Interaction in West African Communities.” Intercultural
Pragmatics 1 (2): 167–87. ![DOI logo](https://benjamins.com/logos/doi-logo.svg)
![Google Scholar](https://benjamins.com/logos/google-scholar.svg)
Aoun, E. Joseph, Elabbas Benmamoun, and Lina Choueiri. 2010. The
Syntax of Arabic. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.![Google Scholar](https://benjamins.com/logos/google-scholar.svg)
Dendenne, Boudjemaa. 2017. “A
Cross-Cultural Study of Speech Act Realisations in Arabic and English: A Cultural-Scripts
Approach.” Revue Académique des Études Sociales et
Humaines 18 (3). ![DOI logo](https://benjamins.com/logos/doi-logo.svg)
![Google Scholar](https://benjamins.com/logos/google-scholar.svg)
Eshreteh, Mahmood K. M. 2014. A Cross-Cultural Socio-Pragmatic
Study of Invitations in Palestinian Arabic and American
English. Madrid: Universidad Complutense de Madrid.![Google Scholar](https://benjamins.com/logos/google-scholar.svg)
Farese, Gian Marco. 2018. The Cultural Semantics of Address
Practices: A Contrastive Study between English and Italian. Lanham, Md.: Lexington Books.![Google Scholar](https://benjamins.com/logos/google-scholar.svg)
Ferguson, Charles A. 1959. “Diglossia.” Word 151: 325–340. ![DOI logo](https://benjamins.com/logos/doi-logo.svg)
![Google Scholar](https://benjamins.com/logos/google-scholar.svg)
Gladkova, Anna. 2013. “‘Is
He One of Ours?’ The Cultural Semantics and Ethnopragmatics of Social Categories in
Russian.” Journal of
Pragmatics 551: 180–194. ![DOI logo](https://benjamins.com/logos/doi-logo.svg)
![Google Scholar](https://benjamins.com/logos/google-scholar.svg)
Goddard, Cliff. 1997. “Cultural
Values and ‘Cultural Scripts’ of Malay (Bahasa Melayu).” Journal of
Pragmatics 27 (2): 183–201. ![DOI logo](https://benjamins.com/logos/doi-logo.svg)
![Google Scholar](https://benjamins.com/logos/google-scholar.svg)
Goddard, Cliff. 2000. “’Cultural
Scripts’ and Communicative Style in Malay (Bahasa Melayu).” Anthropological
Linguistics 42 (1): 81–106.![Google Scholar](https://benjamins.com/logos/google-scholar.svg)
Goddard, Cliff. 2007. “Semantic
Molecules.” In Selected Papers from the 2006 Annual Meeting of the
Australian Linguist Society, edited by Ilana Mushin and Mary Laughren. Brisbane.![Google Scholar](https://benjamins.com/logos/google-scholar.svg)
Goddard, Cliff. 2009. “Not
Taking Yourself Too Seriously in Australian English: Semantic Explications, Cultural Scripts, Corpus
Evidence.” Intercultural
Pragmatics 6 (1): 29–53. ![DOI logo](https://benjamins.com/logos/doi-logo.svg)
![Google Scholar](https://benjamins.com/logos/google-scholar.svg)
Goddard, Cliff. 2012. “‘Early
Interactions’ in Australian English, American English, and English English: Cultural Differences and Cultural
Scripts.” Journal of
Pragmatics 44 (9): 1038–1050. ![DOI logo](https://benjamins.com/logos/doi-logo.svg)
![Google Scholar](https://benjamins.com/logos/google-scholar.svg)
Goddard, Cliff. 2013. “Have
to, Have got to, and Must: NSM Analyses of English Modal Verbs of
Necessity.” In Nonveridicality and Evaluation : Theoretical,
Computational and Corpus Approaches, edited by Maite Taboada and Radoslava Trnavak, 50–75. Leiden & Boston: Brill.![Google Scholar](https://benjamins.com/logos/google-scholar.svg)
Goddard, Cliff, and Rachel Cramer. 2017. ““Laid
Back” and ‘Irreverent’: An Ethnopragmatic Analysis of Two Cultural Themes in Australian English
Communication.” In Handbook of Communication in Cross-Cultural
Perspective, edited by Donal Carbaugh, 89–103. New York: Routledge.![Google Scholar](https://benjamins.com/logos/google-scholar.svg)
Goddard, Cliff, and Anna Wierzbicka. 2014. Words
and Meanings: Lexical Semantics across Domains, Languages and
Cultures. Oxford: Oxford University Press.![Google Scholar](https://benjamins.com/logos/google-scholar.svg)
Habib, Sandy. 2011. “Contrastive
Lexical-Conceptual Analysis of Folk Religious Concepts in Arabic, Hebrew, and English: NSM Approach
.” Department of Linguistics. Armidale, NSW: University of New England.![Google Scholar](https://benjamins.com/logos/google-scholar.svg)
Habib, Sandy. 2019. “NSM
Substantives: The Arabic and Hebrew Exponents of Six Simple, Universal Concepts.” International
Journal of Arabic
Linguistics 5 (2): 188–207.![Google Scholar](https://benjamins.com/logos/google-scholar.svg)
Habib, Sandy. 2020. “The
Exponents of Eleven Simple, Universal Concepts in Three Semitic Languages.” International
Journal of Arabic
Linguistics 6 (1): 68–90.![Google Scholar](https://benjamins.com/logos/google-scholar.svg)
Hall, Edward T. 1983. The Dance of
Life. New York: Anchor Books.![Google Scholar](https://benjamins.com/logos/google-scholar.svg)
Hasada, Rie. 2003. “Cultural
Scripts on Japanese Attitude Towards Emotion.” Tokyo University of Foreign Studies, Bulletin of
Japanese Language Center for International
Students 291: 27–67.![Google Scholar](https://benjamins.com/logos/google-scholar.svg)
Hashemi, Seyede Zahra. 2013. “Analysis of Cultural
Scripts of Objections and Responses to Objections in Persian and English within Natural Semantic Metalanguage
Framework.” Modern Journal of Language Teaching
Methods 3 (1): 17–25.![Google Scholar](https://benjamins.com/logos/google-scholar.svg)
Hatim, Basil. 1991. “The
Pragmatics of Argumentation in Arabic: The Rise and Fall of a Text
Type.” Text-Interdisciplinary Journal for the Study of
Discourse 11 (2): 189–200. ![DOI logo](https://benjamins.com/logos/doi-logo.svg)
![Google Scholar](https://benjamins.com/logos/google-scholar.svg)
Hosni, Hala Rashed. 2020. “Advice Giving in Egyptian
Arabic and American English: A Cross-Linguistic, Cross-Cultural Study.” Journal of
Pragmatics 155 (1): 193–212. ![DOI logo](https://benjamins.com/logos/doi-logo.svg)
![Google Scholar](https://benjamins.com/logos/google-scholar.svg)
Levisen, Carsten. 2012. Cultural
Semantics and Social Cognition: A Case Study on the Danish Universe of
Meaning. Berlin: De Gruyter Mouton. ![DOI logo](https://benjamins.com/logos/doi-logo.svg)
![Google Scholar](https://benjamins.com/logos/google-scholar.svg)
Migdadi, Fathi, Muhammad A. Badarneh, and Kawakib Momani. 2010. “Divine
Will and Its Extensions: Communicative Functions of Maašaallah in Colloquial Jordanian
Arabic.” Communication
Monographs 77 (4): 480–499. ![DOI logo](https://benjamins.com/logos/doi-logo.svg)
![Google Scholar](https://benjamins.com/logos/google-scholar.svg)
Mughazy, Mustafa A. 2000. “Pragmatics of the Evil Eye in
Egyptian Arabic.” Studies in the Linguistic
Sciences 30 (2): 147–157.![Google Scholar](https://benjamins.com/logos/google-scholar.svg)
Murphy-O’Connor, Jerome. 1996. Paul:
A Critical Life. Oxford: Oxford University Press.![Google Scholar](https://benjamins.com/logos/google-scholar.svg)
Nureddeen, Fatima Abdurahman. 2008. “Cross Cultural Pragmatics: Apology Strategies in Sudanese Arabic.” Journal of
Pragmatics 40 (2): 279–306. ![DOI logo](https://benjamins.com/logos/doi-logo.svg)
![Google Scholar](https://benjamins.com/logos/google-scholar.svg)
Peeters, Bert. 2004. “‘Thou
Shalt Not Be a Tall Poppy’: Describing an Australian Communicative (and Behavioral) Norm
.” Intercultural
Pragmatics 1 (1): 71–92. ![DOI logo](https://benjamins.com/logos/doi-logo.svg)
![Google Scholar](https://benjamins.com/logos/google-scholar.svg)
Shammas, Nafez A. 2005. “Lingua-Pragmatic Politeness and
Translatability.” Damascus University
Journal 21 (3&4): 23–56.![Google Scholar](https://benjamins.com/logos/google-scholar.svg)
Soliman, Bishara. 2007. Hāthihi Ra`iyyatunā [This Is Our
Parish]. Jish: St. Maroun’s Parish.![Google Scholar](https://benjamins.com/logos/google-scholar.svg)
Wierzbicka, Anna. 1972. Semantic
Primitives. Frankfurt am Main: Athenäum.![Google Scholar](https://benjamins.com/logos/google-scholar.svg)
Wierzbicka, Anna. 1985. Lexicography
and Conceptual Analysis. Ann Arbor, Mich.: Karoma.![Google Scholar](https://benjamins.com/logos/google-scholar.svg)
Wierzbicka, Anna. 1994. “‘Cultural
Scripts’: A Semantic Approach to Cultural Analysis and Cross-Cultural
Communication.” Pragmatics and Language
Learning 5 (1–24).![Google Scholar](https://benjamins.com/logos/google-scholar.svg)
Wierzbicka, Anna. 2002a. “Australian
Cultural Scripts – Bloody Revisited.” Journal of
Pragmatics 34 (9): 1167–1209. ![DOI logo](https://benjamins.com/logos/doi-logo.svg)
![Google Scholar](https://benjamins.com/logos/google-scholar.svg)
Wierzbicka, Anna. 2002b. “Russian
Cultural Scripts: The Theory of Cultural Scripts and Its
Applications.” Ethos2 30 (4): 401–432. ![DOI logo](https://benjamins.com/logos/doi-logo.svg)
![Google Scholar](https://benjamins.com/logos/google-scholar.svg)
Wierzbicka, Anna. 2010. “Cultural
Scripts and Intercultural Communication.” In Pragmatics across
Languages and Cultures, edited by Anna Trosborg, 43–78. Berlin: Mouton de Gruyter. ![DOI logo](https://benjamins.com/logos/doi-logo.svg)
![Google Scholar](https://benjamins.com/logos/google-scholar.svg)
Wierzbicka, Anna. 2016. “Making
Sense of Terms of Address in European Languages through the Natural Semantic Metalanguage
(NSM).” Intercultural
Pragmatics 13 (4): 499–527. ![DOI logo](https://benjamins.com/logos/doi-logo.svg)
![Google Scholar](https://benjamins.com/logos/google-scholar.svg)
Wong, Jock Onn. 2004. “Cultural Scripts, Ways of
Speaking and Perceptions of Personal Autonomy: Anglo English vs. Singapore
English.” Intercultural
Pragmatics 2 (1): 231–248. ![DOI logo](https://benjamins.com/logos/doi-logo.svg)
![Google Scholar](https://benjamins.com/logos/google-scholar.svg)
Wong, Jock Onn. 2006. “Social Hierarchy in the
Speech Culture of Singapore.” In Ethnopragmatics: Understanding
Discourse in Cultural Context, edited by Cliff Goddard, 31:99–125. Berlin & New York: Mouton de Gruyter. ![DOI logo](https://benjamins.com/logos/doi-logo.svg)
![Google Scholar](https://benjamins.com/logos/google-scholar.svg)
Ye, Zhengdao. 2004. “Chinese
Categorization of Interpersonal Relationships and the Cultural Logic of Chinese Social Interaction: An Indigenous
Perspective.” Intercultural
Pragmatics 1 (2): 211–230. ![DOI logo](https://benjamins.com/logos/doi-logo.svg)
![Google Scholar](https://benjamins.com/logos/google-scholar.svg)
Ye, Zhengdao. 2013. “Understanding
the Conceptual Basis of the ‘Old Friend’ Formula in Chinese Social Interaction and Foreign Diplomacy: A Cultural Script
Approach.” Australian Journal of
Linguistics 33 (3): 365–385. ![DOI logo](https://benjamins.com/logos/doi-logo.svg)
![Google Scholar](https://benjamins.com/logos/google-scholar.svg)
Cited by (1)
Cited by one other publication
This list is based on CrossRef data as of 5 july 2024. Please note that it may not be complete. Sources presented here have been supplied by the respective publishers.
Any errors therein should be reported to them.