The present contribution reflects on the competing disciplinary, ideological, and methodological tensions in the study of bilingual code-switching and advocates for a data-driven structural approach to the patterns of language mixing attested across language pairings and Speech communities. More specifically, the chapter argues for the benefits of corpus and computational techniques in yielding reliable and replicable findings with which to confront long-standing questions and established theoretical constructs and in advancing our understanding of this bilingual phenomenon.
Abney, S. P.1987. The English noun phrase in its sentential aspect. Doctoral dissertation: Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA.
Balam, O.2015. Code-switcing and linguistic evolution: The case of ‘hacer+V’ in Orange Walk, Northern Belize. Lengua y migración 7: 83–109.
Balam, O., de Prada Pérez, A. & Mayans, D.2014. A congruence approach to the study of bilingual compound verbs in Northern Belize contact Spanish. Spanish in Context, 11:2. 243–265.
Backus, A.2001. The role of semantic specificity in insertional codeswitching: Evidence from Dutch-Turkish. In Codeswitching Worldwide II, R. Jacobson (ed.), 125–154. Berlin: Mouton de Gruyter.
Ball, K., Bullock, B., Guzmán, G., Neupane, R., Novak, K. & Serigos, J. L.2015. Bon cop, bad copy: A tale of two cities. Paper presented at Transcultural urban spaces: where geography meets language. University of Berne, Switzerland.
Belazi, H., Rubin, E. & Toribio, A. J.1994. Code-switching and X-bar Theory: The Functional Head Constraint. Linguistic Inquiry 25: 221–237.
Berk-Seligson, S.1986. Linguistic constraints on intra-sentential code-switching: A study of Spanish-Hebrew bilingualism. Language in Society 15: 313–348.
Bullock, B. E., Serigos, J. L. & Toribio, A. J.2016. The stratification of English-language lone-word and multi-word material in Puerto Rican Spanish-language press outlets: A computational approach. In Code-switching in the Spanish-speaking Caribbean and its diaspora, C. Mazak, M. Parafita Cuoto & R. Guzzardo (eds.), 171–189. New York: John Benjamins.
Bullock, B. E., Serigos, J. L., Toribio, A. J. & Wendorf, A. Forthcoming. The challenges and benefits of annotating oral bilingual corpora: The Spanish in Texas Corpus Project. In Romance Parsed Corpora and Linguistic Theory, C. Tortora, B. Santorini & F. Blanchette (eds.), special issue, Linguistic Variation.
Bullock, B. E. & Toribio, A. J.2009. Themes in the study of code-switching. In The Handbook of Linguistic Code-switching, B. Bullock & A. J. Toribio (eds.), 1–17. Cambridge University Press.
Bullock, B. E. & Toribio, A. J.2012. The Spanish in Texas Corpus Project. Center for Open Education Resources and Language Learning (COERLL), the University of Texas at Austin. [URL].
Bullock, B.E., Toribio, A. J. & Greaser, C.2012. The bilingual compound verb [hacer+VE] in Texas Spanish. Paper presented at the Hispanic Linguistics Symposium, University of Florida.
Cantone, K. F., & Müller, N.2008. Un Nase or una Nase? What gender marking within switched DPs reveals about the architecture of the bilingual language faculty. Lingua 118: 810–826.
Carter, D., Deuchar, M., Davies, P. & Parafita Couto, M. C.2011. A systematic comparison of factors affecting the choice of Matrix Language in three bilingual communities. Journal of Language Contact 4: 153–183.
Çetinoğlu, O., Schulz, S. & Vu, N. T.2016. Challenges of computational processing of code-switching. Proceedings of the 2nd Workshop on Computational Approaches to Linguistic Code Switching. Empirical Methods in Natural Language Processing (EMNLP) 2016, Association for Computational Linguistics.
Chan, B.2009. Code-switching between typologically distinct languages. In, The Cambridge Handbook of Linguistic Code-switching, B. Bullock & A. J. Toribio (eds.), 182–198. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press.
Chomsky, N.1981. Lectures on Government and Binding. Dordrecht: Foris.
Chomsky, N.1986. Barriers. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.
Chomsky, N.1993. A Minimalist Program for linguistic theory. In The View from Building 20, K. Hale & S. J. Keyser (eds.), 1–52. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.
Chomsky, Noam. 1995. The Minimalist Program. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.
Di Sciullo, A. M., Muysken, P. & Singh, R.1986. Government and code-mixing. Journal of Linguistics 22: 1–24.
Diab, M., & Kamboj, A.2011. Feasibility of Leveraging Crowd Sourcing for the Creation of a Large Scale Annotated Resource for Hindi English Code Switched Data: A Pilot Annotation. Colombia University New York Center for Computational Learning Systems.
Donnelly, K. & Deuchar, M.2011. Using constraint grammar in the Bangor Autoglosser to disambiguate multilingual spoken text. Constraint Grammar Applications: Proceedings of the NODALIDA 2011 Workshop, Rigva, Latvia 2011: 17–25.
Dubois, S. & Noetzel, S.2005. Intergenerational pattern of interference and internally-motivated changes in Cajun French. Bilingualism: Language and Cognition, 8: 131–143.
Ebert, S.2014. The morphosyntax of Wh-questions: Evidence from Spanish-English code-switching. Doctoral Dissertation, The University of Illinois at Chicago.
Fuller Medina, N.2005. Spanish-English contact in Belize: the case of Hacer + V. In Proceedings of the 2005 Canadian Linguistics Association Annual Conference, C. Gurski (ed.) 1–9.
Gardner-Chloros, P.2009. Sociolinguistic factors in code-switching. In The Cambridge Handbook of Linguistic Code-switching, B. Bullock & A. J. Toribio, 97–113. Cambridge University Press.
Gardner-Chlros, P. & Edwards, M.2004. Assumptions behind grammatical approaches to code-switching: when the blueprint is a red herring. Transactions of the Philological Society 103: 103–129.
Gardner-Chloros, P., Moyer, M. & Sebba, S.2007. Coding and analysing multilingual data: the LIDES project. Creating and Digitizing Language Corpora. Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2007. 91–120.
González-Vilbazo, K. & López, L.2011. Some properties of light verbs in code-switching. Lingua 121: 832–850.
Gullberg, M., Indefrey, P., & Muysken, P.2009. Research techniques for the study of code-switching. In The Cambridge Handbook of Linguistic Code-Switching, B. Bullock & A. J. Toribio (eds.), 21–39. Cambridge University Press.
Guzmán, G., Serigos, J. R., Bullock, B. E. & Toribio, A. J.2016. Simple tools for exploring variation in code-switching for linguists. Proceedings of the 2nd Workshop on Computational Approaches to Linguistic Code Switching. Empirical Methods in Natural Language Processing (EMNLP) 2016, Association for Computational Linguistics.
Guzmán, G., Joseph, R., Serigos, J., Bullock, B. & Toribio, A. J.2017. Moving code-switching research toward more empirically grounded methods. CDH 2017 Corpora in the Digital Humanities, 1–9, CEUR Workshop Proceedings.
Herring, J. R., Deuchar, M., Parafita Couto, M. C. & Moro Quintanilla, M.2010. ‘I saw the madre’: evaluating predictions about codeswitched determiner-noun sequences using Spanish-English and Welsh-English data. International Journal of Bilingual Education and Bilingualism 13: 553–573.
Jake, J. L., C. Myers-Scotton, and S. Gross. 2002. Making a Minimalist approach to codeswitching work: Adding the Matrix Language. Bilingualism, Language & Cognition 5: 69–91.
Liceras, J. M., Fernández Fuertes, R., Perales, S., Pérez-Tattam R. & Spradlin, K.2008. Gender and gender agreement in bilingual native and non-native grammars: A view from child and adult functional-lexical mixings. Lingua 118: 827–851.
MacSwan, J.1997. A minimalist approach to intrasentential code switching: Spanish-Nahuatl bilingualism in central Mexico. Doctoral dissertation, University of California, Los Angeles.
MacSwan, J.2000. The architecture of the bilingual language faculty: Evidence from codeswitching. Bilingualism: Language and Cognition 3: 37–54.
MacSwan, J. & McAlister, K.2010. Naturalistic and elicited data in grammatical studies of codeswitching. Studies in Hispanic and Lusophone Linguistics 3: 521–532.
Mahootian, S.1993. A null theory of codeswitching. Doctoral dissertation, Northwestern University.
MacWhinney, B.1995. The CHILDES Project: Tools for analyzing talk (2nd ed.). Hillside, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.
Montes-Alcalá, C.2005. Mándame un e-mail: cambio de códigos español-inglés online. In Contacto y contextos lingüísticos: El español en los Estados Unidos y en contacto con otras lenguas, L. Ortiz & M. Lacorte (eds.), 173–185. Iberoamericana/Vervuert.
Montes-Alcalá, C.2007. Blogging in two languages: Code-switching in bilingual blogs. In Selected Proceedings of the Third Workshop on Spanish Sociolinguistics, J. Holmquist, A. Lorenzino & L. Sayahi (eds.), 162–170, Somerville, MA. Cascadilla Proceedings Project.
Montrul, S.2013. Bilingualism and the heritage speaker. In The handbook of bilingualism and multilingualism, T. Bhatia & W. Ritchie (eds.), 168–189.
Muysken, P.2000. Bilingual speech: A Typology of Code-Switching. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Muysken, P.2013. Language contact outcomes as the result of optimization strategies. Bilingualism: Language and Cognition 16, 1–22.
Myers-Scotton, C.1993. Duelling languages: Grammatical structure in codeswitching. New York: Oxford University Press.
Myers-Scotton, C.2002. Contact Linguistics: Bilingual Encounters and Grammatical Outcomes. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Myers-Scotton, C.2006. Natural codeswitching knocks on the laboratory door. Bilingualism: Language and Cognition 9: 203–212.
Otheguy, R., & Stern, N.2011. On so-called Spanglish. International Journal of Bilingualism, 15: 85–100.
Otheguy, R. & A. C. Zentella. 2012. Spanish in New York: Language contact, dialectal leveling, and structural continuity. Oxford University Press.
Pap, L.1949. Portuguese American speech: an outline of speech conditions among Portuguese immigrants in New England and elsewhere in the United States. New York: Colombia University.
Pavalanthan, U. & Eisenstein, J.2015. Audience-modulated variation in online social media. American Speech 90: 187–213.
Peng N., Wang Y., Dredze M., 2014. Learning Polylingual Topic Models from Code-Switched Social Media Documents. In Proceedings of the 52nd Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics, 674–679.
Poplack, S.1980. Sometimes I’ll start a sentence in Spanish y termino en español: Toward a typology of code-switching. In Spanish in the United States: Sociolinguistic Aspects, J. Amastae & L. Elías-Olivares (eds.), 230–263. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Rubin, E. & Toribio, A. J.1995. Feature checking and the syntax of language contact. In Current Issues in Linguistic Theory 123: Contemporary Research in Romance Linguistics, J. Amastae, G. Goodall, M. Montalbetti & M. Phinney (eds.), 177–185. Amsterdam: John Benjamins.
Poplack, S.1980. Sometimes I’ll start a sentence in English y termino en español: Toward a typology of code-switching. Linguistics, 18: 581–618.
Post, R.2010. Code-switching in the Determiner Phrase: A comparison of Tunisian Arabic-French and Moroccan Arabic-French switching. The University of Texas at Austin.
Sayahi, L.2002. Social identity and code-switching in bilingual contexts: a comparative approach. In Language and Identity: Selected Papers of the International Conference, L. Ashley & W. Finke (eds.), 373–381. East Rockaway, NY: Cummings & Hathaway Publishers.
Sebba, M.1998. A congruence approach to the syntax of codeswitching. International Journal of Bilingualism 2: 1–19.
Sebba, M.2009. On the notions of congruence and convergence in code-switching. In The Cambridge Handbook of Bilingual Code-switching, B. Bullock & A. J. Toribio (eds.) 40–57. Cambridge University Press.
Serigos, J., 2016. Using distributional semantics in loanword research: A concept-based approach to quantifying semantic specificity of Anglicisms in Spanish. International Journal of Bilingualism, 1–20.
Silva-Corvalán, C.1994/2000. Language Contact and Change: Spanish in Los Angeles. Oxford: Clarendon Press.
Solorio, T. & Y. Liu. 2008a. Learning to predict code-switching points. The Conference Empirical Methods on Natural Language Processing, EMNLP-2008, 973–981.
Solorio, T. & Y. Liu. 2008b. Part-of-speech tagging for English-Spanish code-switched text. The Conference Empirical Methods on Natural Language Processing, EMNLP-2008, 1051–1060. Honolulu, HI: Association for Computational Linguistics.
Toribio, A. J.2002. Spanish-English code-switching among US Latinos. International Journal of the Sociology of Language 158: 89–119.
Toribio, A. J.2001a. Accessing bilingual code-switching competence. International Journal of Bilingualism 5: 403–436.
Toribio, A. J.2001b. On the emergence of bilingual code-switching competence. Bilingualism: Language and Cognition 4: 203–231.
Toribio, A. J. & González-Vilbazo, K.2014. Operator movement in English-Spanish and German-Spanish codeswitching. In Grammatical theory and bilingual codeswitching, J. MacSwan (ed.), 87–119. MIT Press.
Toribio, A. J., Bullock, B., Serigos, J. L., Neupane, R. & Ball, K.. 2015. Towards developing a bilingual metric for US Spanish. Spanish Contact, Expansion, and Transformation: 25th Conference on Spanish in the United States and 10th Conference on Spanish in Contact with Other Languages. City College of New York.
Valdés, G.2001. Heritage language students: profiles and possibilities. In Heritage Languages in America: Preserving a National Resource, J. Peyton, D. Ranard, & S. McGinnis (eds.), 1–42. McHenry, IL: Center for Applied Linguistics and Delta Systems.
Valdés, G., & Geoffrion-Vinci, M.1998. Chicano Spanish: The problem of the “under- developed” code in bilingual repertoires. The Modern Language Journal 82: 473–501.
VanCoetsem, F.1990. Review of Thomason and Kaufman (1988), Lehiste (1988), and Wardhaugh (1987). Language in Society 19: 260–268.
van Gelderen, E. & MacSwan, J.2008. Interface conditions and code-switching: Pronouns, lexical DPs, and checking theory. Lingua 118: 765–776.
Vergara Wilson, D. & Dumont, J.2015. The emergent grammar of bilinguals: The Spanish verb hacer ‘do’ with a bare English infinitive. International Journal of Bilingualism 19: 444–458.
Vergara Wilson, D.2013. One construction, two source languages: Hacer with an English infinitive in bilingual discourse. In Selected Proceedings of the 6th Workshop on Spanish Sociolinguistics, A. M. Carvalho & S. Beaudrie (eds.), 123–134. Sommerville, MA: Cascadilla Proceedings Project.
Wei, L. & Moyer, M.2008. The Blackwell guide to research on multilingualism. Blackwell Publishing.
Woolford, E.1983. Bilingual code-switching and syntactic theory. Linguistic Inquiry 14:520–536.
Woolford, E.1984. On the application of wh-movement and inversion in code-switching sentences. Revue Québécoise de Linguistique 14: 77–86.
This list is based on CrossRef data as of 16 july 2024. Please note that it may not be complete. Sources presented here have been supplied by the respective publishers.
Any errors therein should be reported to them.