Index
A
- accent rating
208–209, 212, 217–219
- acceptability
x, 6, 8, 87, 92, 95, 98–99
- accusative
172–173, 253, 255
- adjacency constructions254
- adjective
130, 179, 248, 255, 265–266, 269, 271–273, 275, 279
- adolescent characteristics
39, 43, 45, 49–50, 53
- adverbial clause
69–71, 155, 157, 162–163, 177–178, 181, 195–196
- age of onset
75–77, 159, 207–208, 215, 224
- agreement
1, 18, 70, 93, 106, 114, 161, 207–208, 245
- analytic clause linkage163
- attrition
xi, 21, 64, 66–67, 105, 107, 110, 119–121, 232
- autobiographical narrative
229, 231, 237, 257
- avoidance
8, 95, 98, 231, 246
B
- bad language syndrome
229, 232
- boundary crossing events
89, 91
C
- case
4, 9, 106, 156, 163–168, 170–173, 187, 195
- causal clause
155, 181–183, 187, 192, 196, 203–204
- clause complementation
246, 253
- complement clause
9, 162–163, 167–168, 171–176, 187, 195, 19, 252–254, 257
- complexity
8–9, 63, 65, 68–70, 73, 97, 106, 172, 229–231, 246–247, 257
- comprehension
x, 6, 10, 64, 155, 160–162, 164–167, 169–170, 173–176, 178, 180–193, 195–196, 213
- condensation
237, 246, 257–258
- constellation
233, 252, 260, 279
- converb
88, 155, 177–179, 182, 195–196
- convergence
8, 66, 87, 91, 99–100, 122, 246
- coordination
193, 211, 244
- crosslinguistic influence (CLI)
127–132, 134–135, 143, 146–148, 208–209, 223
D
- dative
67, 170, 172, 185, 253, 255
- density
8, 69–70, 229, 236–237, 258
- dialectal
170, 179–180, 195
- diaspora
vii–viii, xi–xiii, 2–4, 7, 76, 229, 232, 246, 258
- direct evidential
108–109, 111, 115–117, 119–121
- dominance
33, 66, 69, 73, 94, 114, 129, 132
- downward trajectory
40, 232
E
- early bilinguals
65, 67, 129, 207, 213, 217, 219–221, 224, 226
- evaluation
117, 230, 236–237, 239–240, 246, 251–253, 257–258
- evidentiality
10, 105, 107–115, 117–122
- exclusion
138, 148, 231, 234, 258
- experience
6–8, 63, 65, 67–68, 72–73, 75, 77–78, 111, 147, 196–197, 209, 213, 229–231, 233–234, 237, 271, 274–275
- exposure
ix–x, 5, 9, 21–22, 35, 42, 53, 56–58, 66–68, 73, 75, 77–79, 95, 105, 107, 110–111, 114, 118–120, 122, 130, 135, 148, 159, 173–174, 179, 183, 193, 196–197, 207, 210, 213, 224–225, 277
F
- family language
41, 46, 53, 56, 106, 129, 233
- family reunification
1–2, 93, 158
- finite complement clause
176, 254
- finite construction
162, 181, 244
- friends
8, 24, 39, 44–45, 47, 49–53, 56–57, 72, 176, 216, 233
G
- gender
41, 45, 53, 106, 133
- global accent
9, 207, 209–210, 223, 226
- guest worker
1, 18–19, 43, 207
H
- headless relative clause165
I
- identity
2, 209, 265–267, 269, 274, 278–279
- immigration
2, 4, 43, 93, 210
- incomplete acquisition
21, 66, 88, 94, 99, 106, 110, 119, 121, 232, 245
- individual differences
5, 67, 107
- inflectional morphology
106, 109, 245
- information packaging
9, 230, 246, 252, 257
- information source
105, 108, 120
- innovation
xiii, 232, 246
- input
viii–xii, 6, 8–9, 21, 24, 39, 41–45, 57, 63–68, 78, 94, 106–107, 110, 114, 118–123, 129, 147, 164, 167, 170–171, 179, 189, 195, 197, 208, 213
- instruction
viii, 5, 29–30, 42, 44–46, 48–50, 52–54, 57, 217, 268, 278, 283
- integration
1–3, 237, 243
- interactional sociolinguistics
265, 268
- interface
130–131, 134–135, 148, 245, 252, 267
J
- J48 algorithm
113–114, 123
- joint book reading
166, 193, 197
K
- Kiezdeutsch
2, 213, 225, 269
- Kurdish (Kurmanji)
18, 46, 93, 159–160, 166, 232, 270
L
- language contact
xii, 3, 5, 87–88, 92–94, 174–175, 181, 193, 195
- language transfer
129, 148
- language use
x, 3, 8–9, 39, 41, 47, 49–50, 53, 56, 63, 66–67, 71, 73, 77–78, 92, 106, 109–111, 114, 130, 136, 207, 212, 214, 267
- language-biographical
9, 229–232, 234, 257, 260
- left-branching
4, 156, 174
- lexical diversity
63, 65, 68–69
- linguistic distress
231, 237
- linguistic ethnography268
- literacy
2, 5, 21, 24, 64, 67–68, 75, 78, 93–94, 130, 166, 183, 189, 193, 196–197, 231, 233, 273
- literate register
236, 246
M
- MAIN (Multilingual Assessment Instrument for Narratives)
x, 155, 161, 164, 169, 196
- maintenance
4, 160, 199, 231
- matrix verb
167, 169, 171–172, 254
- mean length of utterance (MLU)
69, 113, 115–116
- micro-functionality of complementizers252
- migration
2, 17–18, 93, 158, 196, 213, 268–269, 278
- modification
4, 157, 229, 245, 247, 252
- morpho-syntactic processing
134, 143
- morphological error
177, 245
- morphological transparency164
- morphosyntactic complexity
8, 63, 65, 69–70, 73, 82, 257
- motion event
xi, 8, 87–92, 94–95, 98–99
- multilingual repertoires
232, 266, 269
N
- non-factive/actional illocution253
- nonfinite
70, 155–157, 162–163, 167, 171, 174, 177, 181, 183, 193–196, 237, 245–246, 252, 255, 257
- nonstandard
9, 157, 170, 173, 179, 181–182, 195, 197
- nonverbal reasoning
8, 39, 45, 48–55
- noun phrase
8–9, 127, 131, 134, 146, 229, 237, 243, 246–248, 251, 272
O
- object control
155, 167–168, 195
- overlapping structures
127, 130, 134, 146, 148
- overt marking
132–134, 146–147
- overt subject
156, 163, 165, 171, 173, 187
P
- packaging of information237
- participial constructions
166, 249
- perceived foreign accent
209, 218, 221–222
- performance
8, 10, 22, 35, 47–48, 63–64, 78, 106, 134–135, 145–146, 240, 278
- plural inflection
132–134, 137, 142, 146
- postposition
182, 185, 187, 190, 192, 195, 253, 255
- predicate
21, 113, 164–165, 167–168, 170–173, 175, 250, 252, 255–256
- purposive subjunctor
193, 195
Q
- qualitative documentation230
- quotative particle
175, 177, 183, 190
R
- Reaction Time (RT)
8, 127, 134, 138, 143–145
- reading
6, 8–9, 39–43, 45, 47–53, 55–57, 72, 88, 111, 114, 118, 131, 136, 160, 166, 193, 197, 213, 213, 276
- receptive vocabulary
24–25, 28, 39, 47
- register
9, 57, 93–94, 130, 231–232, 236, 246, 248, 255, 257–258, 269
- relative clause
9, 69–71, 76, 115, 162–167, 194, 197, 249
- right-branching
156, 174–176, 195
S
- satellite-framed language
87–88, 90–91
- self-report
39, 55, 57, 135, 213
- semantic widening
265–266, 269, 277
- sociolinguistic
vii, 4–5, 7, 9–10, 229–231, 233–234, 236, 258, 267
- sociolinguistic vitality
9, 229–231
- sophisticated register236
- special learning needs234
- spontaneous speech
x, 111–112
- storytelling
9, 111–112, 160, 164, 166, 196–197, 257
- subject co-reference
167, 172, 185, 187, 189–192, 195
- subject control
155, 167–170, 172, 195
- subordination
xi, 9, 70, 155–158, 162–163, 177, 181, 193–198, 230, 246, 252–253, 255
- supplementary mother-tongue instruction44
- syntax-discourse interface245
T
- temporal clause
178–179, 181
- time-locked online processing134
- tree-based classification
113–114
- type/token ratio (TTR)
29, 69, 73–74, 76–78, 113, 115–116
U
- utterance
69, 71, 106, 112–113, 115–117, 172, 177, 196, 236–237, 240, 244, 252
V
- variety
vii, xi, 40–41, 66, 91–92, 100, 155, 158, 160, 170, 181, 195, 209, 217, 225, 231, 267
- verb-framed language
87–90
- vocabulary
x, 7–8, 17, 19–35, 39–45, 47–58, 77, 106, 209, 218, 272
- vulnerability
9, 245, 253
- vulnerable morphosyntax
229–230, 245