Cover not available
Part of
Intermediate Language Varieties: Koinai and regional standards in Europe
Edited by Massimo Cerruti and Stavroula Tsiplakou
[Studies in Language Variation 24] 2020
► pp. 183–201

Chapter 8
The role of interdialectal forms in the formation of koinai

Sociolinguistic aspects

 | Universidad de La Laguna
The study of the changes that are taking place in European dialects reveals the existence of opposing tendencies: convergent, leading to homogenisation, and divergent, promoting diversity. This paper aims to analyse a case of dialect divergence in a speech community in the Canary Islands through the study of a series of linguistic and social factors that constrain the alternation between two phonetic forms: the lax and tense variants of the plosive palatal /c/, lax /c/ being the traditional form and tense /c/ being the innovative variant. The new form, [cʃ], can be considered as an interdialectal or hybrid variant, since it contains features from the corresponding standard form, /tʃ/, and the vernacular one, /c/. The analysis of sociolinguistic factors enables a more precise understanding of the way in which the hybrid variant contributes to delaying the language homogenisation observed in other levels of the dialect.
Keywords: dialect contact, interdialectalism, language change, sociolinguistic variation
Article outline
  • 1.Introduction
  • 2.Methodological aspects: The sample
  • 3.Structural implications of the lax/tense alternation
  • 4.Theoretical aspects: Constraining factors
    • 4.1Internal variables
      • 4.1.1Stress
      • 4.1.2Word position
      • 4.1.3Word frequency
    • 4.2External variables
    • 4.3Attitudes
    • 4.4Individual analysis
  • 5.Conclusions
  • References
Published online: 22 June 2020
DOI logo
https://doi.org/10.1075/silv.24.08alm
References (53)
References
Alarcos-Llorach, E. (1976) [1950]. Fonología española. Madrid: Gredos.Google Scholar
Almeida, M. (1989). El habla rural grancanaria. La Laguna: University of La Laguna.Google Scholar
(1992). Mecanismos sociolingüísticos del cambio fonético. In J. A. Bartol-Hernández, J. F. García-Santos, & J. de Santiago-Guervós (Eds.), Estudios filológicos en homenaje a Eugenio de Bustos Tovar (pp. 51–60). Salamanca: University of Salamanca.Google Scholar
(2011). Restricciones sociolingüísticas en un caso de alternancia (morfo)fonológica: /d/ intervocálica en una comunidad de habla canaria. Lingüística Española Actual, 33(1), 29–53.Google Scholar
(2012). Convergencia léxica en una comunidad de habla urbana de Canarias. Revista de Filología, 30, 19–40.Google Scholar
(2013). La frecuencia de las palabras en los procesos de variación y cambio. Revista Española de Lingüística, 43, 37–62.Google Scholar
(2019). Language hybridism: On the origin of interdialectal forms. In J. A. Villena-Ponsoda, F. Díaz-Montesinos, A. M. Ávila-Muñoz, & M. Vida-Castro (Eds.), Language variation. European perspectives VII. Selected papers from the Ninth International Conference on Language Variation in Europe (ICLaVE 9), Malaga, June 2017 (pp. 9-26). Amsterdam/Philadelphia: John Benjamins. DOI logoGoogle Scholar
Almeida, M., & Díaz-Alayón, C. (1989). El español de Canarias. Santa Cruz de Tenerife.Google Scholar
Almela, R., Cantos, P., Sánchez, A., Sarmiento, R., & Almela, M. (2005). Frecuencias del español. Diccionario y estudios léxicos y morfológicos. Madrid: Universitas.Google Scholar
Alvar, M. (1972). Niveles socio-culturales en el habla de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria. Las Palmas de Gran Canaria: Excelentísimo Cabildo Insular de Gran Canaria.Google Scholar
Berruto, G. (2005). Dialect/standard convergence, mixing, and models of language contact: The case of Italy. In P. Auer, F. Hinskens, & P. Kerswill (Eds.), Dialect change: Convergence and divergence in European languages (pp. 81–95). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. DOI logoGoogle Scholar
Borzone de Manrique, A. M., Signorini, Á. M., & Massone, M. I. (1982). Rasgos prosódicos: el acento. Fonoaudiológica, 28(1), 19–36.Google Scholar
Britain, D. (2005). Geolinguistics: Diffusion of language. In U. Ammon, N. Dittmar, K. J. Mattheier, & P. Trudgill (Eds.), Sociolinguistics: An international handbook of the science of language and society (pp. 34–48). Berlin/New York: de Gruyter.Google Scholar
(2009). One foot in the grave? Dialect death, dialect contact, and dialect birth in England. International Journal of the Sociology of Language, 196–197, 121–155.Google Scholar
Bybee, J. (2002). Word frequency and context of use in the lexical diffusion of phonetically conditioned sound change. Language Variation and Change, 14, 261–290. DOI logoGoogle Scholar
Chambers, J. K., & Trudgill, P. (1980). Dialectology. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Chomsky, N., & Halle, M. (1991) [1968]. The sound pattern of English. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.Google Scholar
Díaz-Peralta, M. (2001). La expresión de futuro en el español de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria. Las Palmas de Gran Canaria: Cabildo de Gran Canaria.Google Scholar
Enríquez, E. V., Casado, C. & Santos, A. (1989). La percepción del acento en español. Lingüística Española Actual, 11, 241–269.Google Scholar
Fernald, A., Swingley, D., & Pinto, J. P. (2001). When half a word is enough: Infants can recognize spoken words using partial phonetic information. Child Development, 72(4), 1003–1015. DOI logoGoogle Scholar
Gal, S. (1979). Language shift: Social determinants of linguistic change in bilingual Austria. New York: Academic Press.Google Scholar
Guy, G. R. (1988). Language and social class. In F. J. Newmeyer (Ed.), Linguistics: The Cambridge survey IV. Language: The socio-cultural context (pp. 37–63). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Herrera-Santana, J. (1997). Estudio acústico de /p, t, ĉ, k/ y /b, d, y, g/ en Gran Canaria. In M. Almeida, & J. Dorta (Eds.), Contribuciones al studio de la lingüística hispánica (73–86). Barcelona: Montesinos.Google Scholar
Hinskens, F., Auer, P., & Kerswill, P. (2005). The study of dialect convergence and divergence: Conceptual and methodological considerations. In P. Auer, F. Hinskens, & P. Kerswill (Eds.), Dialect change: Convergence and divergence in European languages (pp. 1–48). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. DOI logoGoogle Scholar
Holmquist, J. C. (1985). Social correlates of a linguistic variable: A study in a Spanish village. Language in Society, 14, 191–203. DOI logoGoogle Scholar
Hornsby, D. (2009). Dedialectalization in France: Convergence and divergence. International Journal of the Sociology of Language, 196–197, 157–180.Google Scholar
Instituto Canario de Estadística (1994). Estratificación social. Las Palmas de Gran Canaria: Consejería de Economía y Hacienda, Gobierno de Canarias.Google Scholar
Jakobson, R., Fant, C. G., & Halle, M. (1952). Preliminaries to speech analysis: The distinctive features and their correlates. Cambridge, Mass: MIT Press.Google Scholar
Jurafsky, D., Bell, A., Gregory, M. & Raymond, W. D. (2001). Probabilistic relations between words: Evidence from reduction in lexical production. In J. Bybee, & P. Hopper (Eds.), Frequency and the emergence of linguistic structure (pp. 229–254). Amsterdam/Philadelphia: John Benjamins. DOI logoGoogle Scholar
Labov, W. (1982) [1966]. The social stratification of English in New York City. Washington, DC: Center for Applied Linguistics.Google Scholar
(1990). The intersection of sex and social class in the course of linguistic change. Language Variation and Change, 2, 205–254. DOI logoGoogle Scholar
(1991) [1972]. Sociolinguistic patterns. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania.Google Scholar
Laver, J. (1994). Principles of Phonetics. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. DOI logoGoogle Scholar
Lieberman, P. (1960). Some acoustic correlates of word stress in American English. Journal of the Acoustical Society of America, 32, 451–454. DOI logoGoogle Scholar
Lorenzo-Ramos, A. (1976). El habla de Los Silos. Santa Cruz de Tenerife: Caja General de Ahorros de Santa Cruz de Tenerife.Google Scholar
Marslen-Wilson, W. D., & Welsh, A. (1978). Processing interactions and lexical access during word recognition in continuous speech. Cognitive Psychology, 10, 29–63. DOI logoGoogle Scholar
Moya-Corral, J. A. (1988). Problemas fonológicos del orden palatal. In Studia litteraria atque lingvistica N. Marín, J. Fernández Sevilla et P. González Oblata (pp. 151–171). Granada: Universidad de Granada.Google Scholar
Moya-Corral, J. A. & García-Wiedemann, E. J. (1995). El habla de Granada y sus barrios. Granada: Universidad de Granada.Google Scholar
Quilis, A. (1981). Fonética acústica de la lengua española. Madrid: Gredos.Google Scholar
San Juan-Hernández, J. E. (2004). Variación lingüística y red social en una comunidad canaria. In Tesis doctorales. Curso 2002/2003. Humanidades y Ciencias Sociales (CD-ROM). La Laguna: University of La Laguna.Google Scholar
Serrano, M. J. (1994). La variación sintáctica: formas verbales del periodo hipotético en español. Madrid: Entinema.Google Scholar
Sztompka, P. (1994) [1993]. The sociology of social change. Oxford: Blackwell.Google Scholar
Tousignant, C., Sankoff, D., & Santerre, L. (1989). New results on Montreal French /r/. In R. W. Fasold, & D. Schiffrin (Eds.), Language change and variation (pp. 85–94). Amsterdam/Philadelphia: John Benjamins. DOI logoGoogle Scholar
Trudgill, P. (1983). On dialect: Social and geographical perspectives. Oxford: Basil Blackwell.Google Scholar
(1986). Dialects in contact. Oxford: Blackwell.Google Scholar
Trujillo, R. (1980). Sonorización de sordas en Canarias. Anuario de Letras, 28, 247–265.Google Scholar
Vandekerckhove, R. (2009). Dialect loss and dialect vitality in Flanders. International Journal of the Sociology of Language, 196–197, 73–97.Google Scholar
Villena-Ponsoda, J. A. (2000). Identidad y variación lingüística: prestigio nacional y lealtad vernacular en el español hablado en Andalucía. In G. Bossong, & F. Báez de Aguilar-González (Eds.), Identidades lingüísticas en la España autonómica (pp. 107–150). Frankfurt: Vervuert / Madrid: Iberoamericana. DOI logoGoogle Scholar
(2008a). Divergencia dialectal en el español de Andalucía: el estándar regional y la nueva koiné meridional. In H. J. Döhla, R. Montero-Muñoz, & F. Báez de Aguilar-González (Eds.), Lenguas en diálogo. El iberorromance y su diversidad lingüística y literaria. Ensayos en homenaje a Georg Bossong (pp. 369–392). Frankfurt: Vervuert / Madrid: Iberoamericana. DOI logoGoogle Scholar
(2008b). Sociolinguistic patterns of Andalusian Spanish. International Journal of the Sociology of Language, 193–194, 139–160.Google Scholar
Villena-Ponsoda, J. A., & Ávila-Muñoz, A. (2014). Dialect stability and divergence in southern Spanish. In K. Braunmüller, S. Höder, & K. Kühl (Eds.), Stability and divergence in language contact: Factors and mechanisms (pp. 207–238). Amsterdam/Philadelphia: John Benjamins.Google Scholar
Vitevich, M. S. (2002). Influence of onset density on spoken-word recognition. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance, 28(2), 270–278.Google Scholar
Yaeger-Dror, M. (1993). Linguistic analysis of dialect “correction” and its interaction with cognitive saliency. Language Variation and Change, 5, 189–224. DOI logoGoogle Scholar
Cited by (1)

Cited by one other publication

Almeida Suarez, Manuel & Juan Manuel Hernández-Campoy
2024. Chapter 5. Sociophonetic variation in a context of dialect contact. In The Continuity of Linguistic Change [Studies in Language Variation, 31], ► pp. 100 ff. DOI logo

This list is based on CrossRef data as of 29 july 2024. Please note that it may not be complete. Sources presented here have been supplied by the respective publishers. Any errors therein should be reported to them.