Chapter 2
Input effects on the acquisition of variation
The case of the French schwa
This chapter addresses the acquisition of a
French phonological variable: the schwa ([ə]) in clitics. Our
research is based on data extracted from three longitudinal dense
corpora. The aim is to analyse children’s productions and two types
of adult data: Child and Adult Directed Speech (CDS and ADS,
respectively). The analyses show that schwa alternation is modulated
in CDS, in the sense that parents produce the schwa variant of
clitics significantly more often in CDS. However, differences
between CDS and ADS tend to disappear during the course of language
development. Our results also indicate that the acquisition of schwa
alternation is not homogenous and depends on the clitic used and on
factors linked to characteristics of CDS. These results support
Usage-Based Theories and Construction Grammars frameworks which
assume that CDS properties frame the course of acquisition.
Article outline
- 1.Introduction
- 2.The French schwa: A multifaceted variable
- 2.1Schwa categories
- 2.2Factors influencing schwa absence or presence
- 3.Variation and constructions
- 3.1Usage-Based Models and constructions
- 3.2Frequency effects and phonological variation
- 4.Methodology
- 4.1Data collection
- 4.2Corpus annotation
- 4.3Data selection
- 5.Analysis
- 5.1General comparison of CDS, ADS and children’s speech
- 5.2Phonological contexts
- 5.3Focus on the je + VERB context
- 6.Discussion
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Notes
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References
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Appendix