Changing pronominal gender in Dutch

This article compares the results of an early 20th century survey on pronominal gender in the dialects and data from a recent survey in the Belgian provinces of East and West Flanders. Three main developments are observed: standardisation, inter-dialectal influence, and dialect-internal change. In the terms of Labov (2007), the former two developments are instances of diffusion, whereas the latter should be considered an instance of change through transmission.