Index
A
- accountability
25, 69, 136, 155
- principle of accountability
25, 69, 136, 155
- adolescent
42, 89, 142, 145, 150–151, 184
- adolescents
26, 32, 99, 117, 126, 128, 138–140, 142, 144–145, 150, 167, 178, 189, 191, 198
- adolescent peak
89, 142, 150–151
- peak in apparent time
82, 91, 113, 145
- Aijmer
58–59, 93, 156, 159, 191
- ambiguity
28, 49, 63–65, 70–71, 122
- ambiguous
1, 49, 62, 64, 70, 155, 157, 200
- Andersen
10, 13, 15, 25–28, 35, 42, 47, 50, 53, 57–58, 68, 74, 78, 80, 83–84, 92–96, 98–100, 102–103, 106, 113, 117, 119, 129, 131, 136, 139, 143, 160, 165–166, 169, 171–173, 178, 197
- architecture
20, 71–72, 85, 122, 182, 188
- argument (structure)
3, 10, 54, 64, 68, 70, 94–95, 97, 107–108, 114, 123, 129, 132, 157, 168–169, 186
- argument structure
95, 186
B
- Beat (also Jazz, Cool)
27, 47, 49, 79, 117, 139–140, 145, 213, 222, 226
- bigram frequencies
84, 169
- Brinton
XIII, 13, 15, 22, 57–60, 62, 65, 72, 129–130, 132, 159
- Brook
7–8, 116, 137, 164–165
- Buchstaller
16–17, 20–21, 24, 27, 39, 57, 119, 126–127, 130, 133, 136, 139–142, 180–182, 185, 199
C
- Cheshire
20, 25, 31, 58, 93, 123
- choice mechanism
20, 25, 59, 67, 93, 116, 165, 169
- Chomsky
65, 71–72, 95, 107–108
- clarification
14, 62, 75, 92–93, 112, 129, 143, 160, 167
- colligations
XVII, 84, 169–170
- collocations
5, 83–84, 165, 169, 198
- complement
43, 60, 70, 72, 79–80, 93–95, 97, 107, 114
- complements
17, 59, 79–80, 95, 112, 179, 194
- complementation
137, 191, 196
- compositionality (semantic)22
- conjunction
2–3, 6, 13, 21, 30–31, 57, 59–62, 65, 70, 83–85, 144, 146, 171, 175
- conjunctions
60, 83–84, 169–170
- conscientiousness
123, 133, 138
- constant
23, 25, 82, 87, 116, 121, 162, 170, 183
- constructed dialogue
16, 37, 130, 184, 198
- cooperative aspects of communication129
- cooperative discourse style138
- copular be
78
- finite inflected be
78, 102, 111, 147
- Corrigan
13, 39, 49, 120, 128, 132, 136, 178, 189
- counterculture
47, 118, 139–140, 145
D
- Dailey-O’Cain
15, 26, 53, 95, 119, 126–128, 130, 132–133, 135–138
- decategorialization
22, 65
- definite
96–97, 114, 177, 186
- definiteness
XV, 95, 97, 114, 186
- degrammaticalization
58, 193
- Denis
XIII, 15, 28, 31, 35, 41, 54, 58–59, 88, 123, 162, 198
- diffusion
95, 101, 112, 122, 139, 141, 180, 183, 187, 190, 198
; (see also lexical diffusion)
- Dinkin
2, 122–123, 127, 133–134, 138, 156–157, 165, 191
- direct question
74–76, 80, 85–86
; (see also interrogative)
E
- elaboration
14, 20, 62, 75–76, 92, 112, 143, 160, 167, 173
- embedding
2, 25, 32, 117, 122, 139, 142
- exemplification
14, 19, 63, 75, 92–93, 143, 160, 199
- experiencer or perception verbs7
F
- focus
14–15, 21, 26, 28, 30, 40, 47, 57, 60, 63–64, 67, 70, 72, 74, 93, 95–96, 101, 112, 128–129, 150, 155, 163, 165, 184, 188, 195, 199
- focus constructions
95, 195
- Foulkes
149, 151, 192, 199, 202
- Fox Tree
15, 47, 126, 129–130, 191
- free morpheme constraint166
- friendliness
133, 135–136
- friendly
70, 83, 130, 132–133, 135, 207, 224
- Fuller
60, 85, 130, 132, 150
G
- generational change
11, 92, 94, 151
H
- Hesson
47, 127–128, 130, 133, 135–136, 138
I
- implicational hierarchy115
- incrementation
32, 92, 98, 100–101, 117, 120, 150–151, 182, 198
- indefinite
96–97, 114, 177, 186, 194
- infix
9, 47, 65, 144–145, 147, 155, 159
- information structure
13, 95, 123, 129
- intelligent
127, 130, 132–134
- intelligence
125, 135–136
- interjection
126, 130–131
- intonational (pattern)
59, 146
J
- Jucker
9–10, 53, 131, 150, 178, 187–188, 193
K
- Kerouac
27, 48, 139, 145, 221
- Kroch
29, 36, 71, 83, 86, 92, 162, 194
L
- layering
11, 114, 155, 157, 159, 175
- Levey
15–16, 24, 28, 53, 67, 80, 94, 99, 113, 123, 130–131, 136–137, 149–153, 167, 194
- lexical diffusion
95, 180, 187
- lexicalization
22, 179, 200
- lexical replacement
11, 82, 162, 182
- literality
15–16, 123, 129, 157
- López-Couso
6–8, 116, 137, 141, 143, 164–165
M
- Meehan
6, 9, 21, 50, 53, 57–58, 60, 95, 131, 160
- mental representations
146, 179
- metalinguistic indicators156
- Miller
9, 12–13, 15–16, 26, 47, 53, 68, 95, 129, 136, 149–150, 153, 167, 172–173, 216
- multifunctional
1, 25, 144, 162
- multifunctionality
2, 93, 128, 155–156
N
- normalized frequency
136, 165
O
- opener
65, 144–145, 155, 169
P
- parentheticals
8, 15, 129, 191
- epistemic parenthetical
15, 47, 142, 144–146, 155–156, 159
- epistemic parentheticals
8, 15
- passives
79, 106, 111, 190, 194
- periphrastic construction96
- Pichler
25, 31, 93, 123, 155, 183, 190, 195, 198
- policing
XI, 125, 138, 154
- Poplack
20, 25, 86, 97, 166
- pragmaticalization
58, 183–184, 186
- principle of error correction138
- principle of lexical attraction
93, 172–173
- proportional analysis
91, 170, 174
- proportional distributions95
- proportional frequency
XV, 82, 164, 170
R
- reanalysis
64, 157, 159, 161, 178, 187
- recategorialization
17, 21
- reduction
17, 157, 159–160, 184
- relative clauses
76–77, 80, 91, 147
- relatives, restricted and non-restricted
76, 91, 179
- restricted relatives
76, 91
- non-restricted relatives
76, 91
- Roberts
79, 149, 151–152, 161–162, 189
- Roberts
79, 149, 151–152, 161–162, 189
- Romaine
XIII, 3–4, 6–8, 13, 16–17, 20–21, 26, 50, 53, 57–61, 80, 93, 95, 130–131, 134, 139, 143, 160, 164, 166, 175
- Ross
XIII, 26, 93, 104, 111, 165, 177
S
- Sankoff
24–25, 28, 85, 150, 155, 168, 183, 189, 199
- Santorini
29, 36, 71, 162, 189
- Schiffrin
15, 57–59, 76, 79, 85, 92, 129–130, 159, 168, 183
- Schleef
1, 17, 84, 144, 146, 169
- Schourup
9, 13, 15, 23, 68, 93, 96, 128–132, 166, 172–173
- similative semantics
16, 24
- solidarity
15, 74, 129, 132, 135
- stability
4, 22, 27, 81, 117, 135, 179, 182
- stigmatized
14, 79, 123, 154
- strengthening
13, 21, 62, 65, 157, 159
- pragmatic strengthening
13, 21, 62, 65, 157, 159
- subjectification
21, 62, 65, 157, 159–160
T
- Tagliamonte
XI, XIII, 13, 16, 19, 21–23, 25, 27–28, 35, 40, 42–43, 45, 48, 51, 53–55, 58, 68, 80, 82, 85–86, 91, 97, 116, 118, 120–121, 123, 126, 130, 132, 136–138, 141, 143, 145, 149–151, 162, 164–165, 167, 183, 194
- transmission
27, 47, 52, 54, 67, 87, 113, 142, 173, 182, 190, 198
- Traugott
XIII, 8, 13, 17, 21–22, 27, 49, 57–59, 62, 65, 71–72, 85, 88–90, 92–93, 101, 107, 129, 132–133, 159–160, 179–180, 187, 198–199
- truth conditions
10, 65, 137, 160
U
- unaccusative
107–110, 114, 187, 194
- unaccusatives
107–108, 110
- unergatives
107–108, 110, 187
- universe of discourse
28, 165
V
- van Gelderen
XIII, 160–162
- voice
XIII, 16, 21, 79, 103, 150, 218
W
- weakening
65, 157, 159
- semantic weakening
157, 159