Chapter 5
Evidentiality and the TAM systems in English and Spanish
A cognitive and cross-linguistic perspective
This chapter examines and proposes plausible explanations for attested extensions of tense-aspect-modality (TAM) systems to inferential and reportative evidentiality based on the contrastive case study – British English (BrE) vs. Peninsular Spanish (PSp) – of some TAM markers realizing evidential functions: epistemic modals ‘must’, ‘must have’, and ‘deber (de)’, ‘deber (de) haber’; future perfect verbal forms ‘will have’, ‘habrá/n’; and conditional perfect verbal forms ‘would have’, ‘habría/n’. It is argued that the parameters playing a crucial role in facilitating these extensions include immediacy in relation to the ground and reality (cf. Langacker 2017) for inferential values, while irrealis (cf. Givon 1989) and frame-shifting to a counter point of view (Chilton 2014) are relevant for reportative evidentiality.
Article outline
- 1.Introduction
- 2.Evidentiality and the TAM systems in English and Spanish
- 2.1Dimensions and parameters of evidentiality
- 2.2TAM systems in European languages: Epistemicity and inferentiality
- 2.3Temporality-aspectuality and epistemicity
- 2.4Temporality-aspectuality and reportativity
- 3.The case study: Hypotheses, research objectives and methodology
- 3.1Hypotheses and research objectives
- 3.2Case study: Corpora
- 3.3
Research design: Data collection and procedure
- 4.Results and discussion
- 4.1
Results: Epistemic modal > inferential evidentiality
- 4.2Results: Future perfect and conditional perfect > epistemic/inferential values
- 4.3Results: Conditional perfect > indirect reportative values
- 5.Conclusions
-
Acknowledgements
-
Notes
-
References
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