D’Achille, P. 2002. L’italiano regionale. In M. Cortelazzo (ed.), I dialetti italiani: storia, struttura, uso (pp. 26–42). Turin: UTET.![Google Scholar](https://benjamins.com/logos/google-scholar.svg)
D’Agostino, M. 2007. Sociolingusitica dell’Italia contemporanea. Bologna: Il Mulino.![Google Scholar](https://benjamins.com/logos/google-scholar.svg)
Ahearn, L. M. 2001. Language and agency. Annual Review of Anthropology 30. 109–137. ![DOI logo](https://benjamins.com/logos/doi-logo.svg)
![Google Scholar](https://benjamins.com/logos/google-scholar.svg)
Alfonzetti, G. 1992. Il discorso bilingue. Italiano e dialetto a Catania. Milan: Franco Angeli.![Google Scholar](https://benjamins.com/logos/google-scholar.svg)
Ashdowne, R. 2016. Address systems. In A. Ledgeway & M. Maiden (eds.), The Oxford guide to the Romance languages (pp. 897–906). Oxford: Oxford University Press. ![DOI logo](https://benjamins.com/logos/doi-logo.svg)
![Google Scholar](https://benjamins.com/logos/google-scholar.svg)
Aston, G. (ed.). 1988. Negotiating service: Studies in the discourse of bookshop encounters. Bologna: CLUEB.![Google Scholar](https://benjamins.com/logos/google-scholar.svg)
Barra, C. & Perrotta, G. 2014. Ristoranti d’Italia 2015 del Gambero Rosso. Rome: Gambero Rosso.![Google Scholar](https://benjamins.com/logos/google-scholar.svg)
Bates, E. & Benigni, L. 1975. Rules of address in Italy: A sociological survey. Language in Society 4(3). 271–288. ![DOI logo](https://benjamins.com/logos/doi-logo.svg)
![Google Scholar](https://benjamins.com/logos/google-scholar.svg)
Beeching, K., Ghezzi, C. & Molinelli, P. 2018. Introduction. In K. Beeching, C. Ghezzi & P. Molinelli (eds.), Positioning the self and others. Linguistic perspectives (pp. 1–18). Amsterdam/Philadelphia: John Benjamins. ![DOI logo](https://benjamins.com/logos/doi-logo.svg)
![Google Scholar](https://benjamins.com/logos/google-scholar.svg)
Bellosi, G. & Quondamatteo, G. (eds.). 1979. Le parlate dell’Emilia e della Romagna. Florence: del Riccio.![Google Scholar](https://benjamins.com/logos/google-scholar.svg)
Benigni, L. & Bates, E. 1977. Interazione sociale e linguaggio. Analisi pragmatica dei pronomi allocutivi italiani. In R. Simone & G. Ruggiero (eds.), Aspetti sociolinguistici dell’Italia contemporanea (pp. 141–165). Rome: Bulzoni.![Google Scholar](https://benjamins.com/logos/google-scholar.svg)
Berruto, G. 1997. Code-switching and code-mixing. In M. Maiden & M. Parry (eds.), The dialects of Italy (pp. 394–400). London: Routledge.![Google Scholar](https://benjamins.com/logos/google-scholar.svg)
Berruto, G. 2006. A mo’ di introduzione. In A. Sobrero & A. Miglietta (eds.), Lingua e dialetto nell’Italia del Duemila (pp. 5–13). Galatina: Congedo.![Google Scholar](https://benjamins.com/logos/google-scholar.svg)
Blasco Ferrer, E. 1994. Ello ellus. Grammatica sarda. Nuoro: Poliedro.![Google Scholar](https://benjamins.com/logos/google-scholar.svg)
Boardman, J. 2012. Umbria: A cultural history. Oxford: Oxford University Press.![Google Scholar](https://benjamins.com/logos/google-scholar.svg)
Bolasco, M. & Signorini, E. (eds.). 2014. Osterie d’Italia. Guida 2015. Sussidiario del mangiar bene all’italiana. Bra: Slow Food.![Google Scholar](https://benjamins.com/logos/google-scholar.svg)
Bomboi, A. 2014. L’indipendentismo sardo. Le ragioni, la storia, i protagonisti. Cagliari: Condaghes.![Google Scholar](https://benjamins.com/logos/google-scholar.svg)
Bourdieu, P. 1977. Outline of a theory of practice (translated by R. Nice). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. ![DOI logo](https://benjamins.com/logos/doi-logo.svg)
![Google Scholar](https://benjamins.com/logos/google-scholar.svg)
Braiker, H. B. 2004. Who’s pulling your strings? How to break the cycle of manipulation. New York: McGraw-Hill.![Google Scholar](https://benjamins.com/logos/google-scholar.svg)
Braun, F. 1988. Terms of address: Problems of patterns and usage in various languages and cultures. Berlin: Mouton de Gruyter. ![DOI logo](https://benjamins.com/logos/doi-logo.svg)
![Google Scholar](https://benjamins.com/logos/google-scholar.svg)
Bravo, D. 2005. Estudios de la (des)cortesía en español. Buenos Aires: Editorial Dunken.![Google Scholar](https://benjamins.com/logos/google-scholar.svg)
Bresin, A. 2019a. Perceptions of address practices in Italian interregional encounters. A case study of restaurant encounters. The Journal of Pragmatics 143. 185–200. ![DOI logo](https://benjamins.com/logos/doi-logo.svg)
![Google Scholar](https://benjamins.com/logos/google-scholar.svg)
Bresin, A. 2019b. Nord e Sud, ma anche Centro. Trend contrastanti nella percezione delle pratiche allocutive in Italia. In P. Orrù (ed.), Il dualismo Nord-Sud: vecchie e nuove questioni in Italia e nel Mediterraneo (pp. 151–169). Florence: Cesati.![Google Scholar](https://benjamins.com/logos/google-scholar.svg)
Bresin, A., Hajek, J. & Kretzenbacher, H. L. 2015. La percezione dell’uso dei dialetti a Roma e provincia. In E. Pîrvo (ed.), La lingua e la letteratura italiana in prospettiva sincronica e diacronica. Atti del VI convegno internazionale di italianistica dell’Università di Craiova, 19–20 settembre 2014 (pp. 103–113). Florence: Cesati.![Google Scholar](https://benjamins.com/logos/google-scholar.svg)
Brown, P. & Levinson, S. C. 1987. Politeness: Some universals in language usage. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. ![DOI logo](https://benjamins.com/logos/doi-logo.svg)
![Google Scholar](https://benjamins.com/logos/google-scholar.svg)
Brown, R. & Gilman, A. 1960. The pronouns of power and solidarity. In T. A. Sebeok (ed.), Style in language (pp. 253–276). Cambridge MA: MIT Press.![Google Scholar](https://benjamins.com/logos/google-scholar.svg)
Brunet, J. 1987. Grammaire critique de l’italien (Vol. 9). Paris: Presses universitaires de Vincennes.![Google Scholar](https://benjamins.com/logos/google-scholar.svg)
Bruni, F. 1996. Introduzione. In F. Bruni (Ed.), L’italiano nelle regioni. Storia della lingua italiana (Vol. 1) (pp. XXV–LXXIII). Milan: Garzanti.![Google Scholar](https://benjamins.com/logos/google-scholar.svg)
Bucholtz, M. & Hall, K. 2005. Identity and interaction: A sociocultural linguistic approach. Discourse Studies 7(4–5). 585–614. ![DOI logo](https://benjamins.com/logos/doi-logo.svg)
![Google Scholar](https://benjamins.com/logos/google-scholar.svg)
Carmona-Lavado, A. & Hernández-López, M. 2015. Customer perception of politeness as a differentiating element in Spanish restaurant encounters. In M. Hernández-López & L. Fernández-Amaya (eds.), A multidisciplinary approach to service encounters (pp. 87–112). Leiden: Brill. ![DOI logo](https://benjamins.com/logos/doi-logo.svg)
![Google Scholar](https://benjamins.com/logos/google-scholar.svg)
Carreira, M. H. de A. 2009. Qualification et adresse: complexité modale et enjeux interlocutifs. L’exemple du portugais. Synergies Pologne 6(2). 29–34.![Google Scholar](https://benjamins.com/logos/google-scholar.svg)
Cenni, I. 2015. Positive politeness in the European Mediterranean. In D. Smakman & P. Heinrich (eds.), Globalising sociolinguistics. Challenging and expanding theory (pp. 194–206). London/New York: Routledge.![Google Scholar](https://benjamins.com/logos/google-scholar.svg)
Cerruti, M. 2011a. Regional varieties of Italian in the linguistic repertoire. International Journal of the Sociology of Language 210. 9–28.![Google Scholar](https://benjamins.com/logos/google-scholar.svg)
Cerruti, M. 2011b. Italiano e dialetto oggi in Italia. In Enciclopedia Treccani. [URL] (10 May, 2019).
Cicognani, B. 1938 (15 January). Abolizione del lei. Corriere della sera.
Clark, H. 1996. Using language. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. ![DOI logo](https://benjamins.com/logos/doi-logo.svg)
![Google Scholar](https://benjamins.com/logos/google-scholar.svg)
Clemente, P. 1988. Le regioni dal punto di vista dell’antropologo. Note su culture locali e processi di trasformazione. In F. Schino (ed.), Cultura nazionale, culture regionali, comunità italiane all’estero (pp. 69–81). Rome: Istituto della Enciclopedia Italiana.![Google Scholar](https://benjamins.com/logos/google-scholar.svg)
Clyne, M., Norrby, C. & Warren, J. 2009. Language and human relations: Styles of address in contemporary language. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. ![DOI logo](https://benjamins.com/logos/doi-logo.svg)
![Google Scholar](https://benjamins.com/logos/google-scholar.svg)
Coffen, B. 2002. Histoire culturelle des pronoms d’adresse: vers une typologie des systèmes allocutoires dans les langues romanes. Paris: Honoré Champion.![Google Scholar](https://benjamins.com/logos/google-scholar.svg)
Consoli, E. 1987. Rules of address in secondary schools in Catania: Linguistic variation and its social/cultural value. Language in Society 16(4). 559–564. ![DOI logo](https://benjamins.com/logos/doi-logo.svg)
![Google Scholar](https://benjamins.com/logos/google-scholar.svg)
Corda, F. (ed.). 1989. Saggio di grammatica campidanese. Sala Bolognese: Forni.![Google Scholar](https://benjamins.com/logos/google-scholar.svg)
Coupland, N. 2001. Language, situation and the relational self: Theorizing dialect-style in sociolinguistics. In P. Eckert & J. R. Rickford (eds.), Style and sociolinguistic variation (pp. 185–210). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.![Google Scholar](https://benjamins.com/logos/google-scholar.svg)
Covino, R. 1994. Umbria: uno sviluppo tardivo, ed è subito crisi. In P. Ginsborg (Ed.), Stato dell’Italia. Il bilancio politico, economico, sociale e culturale di un paese che cambia. 180 contributi inediti scritti da più di 100 specialisti (pp. 168–171). Milan: Mondadori.![Google Scholar](https://benjamins.com/logos/google-scholar.svg)
Cremona, T. & Cremona, L. 2014. Alberghi e ristoranti d’Italia 2015. Un’accurata selezione di oltre 4500 proposte tra indirizzi classici e nuove tendenze. Milan: Touring.![Google Scholar](https://benjamins.com/logos/google-scholar.svg)
Danesi, M. & Lettieri, M. 1983. The pronouns of address in Italian: Sociolinguistic and pedagogical considerations. Studi italiani di linguistica teorica ed applicata 12. 323–333.![Google Scholar](https://benjamins.com/logos/google-scholar.svg)
Dardano, M. & Trifone, P. 1997. La nuova grammatica della lingua italiana. Bologna: Zanichelli.![Google Scholar](https://benjamins.com/logos/google-scholar.svg)
Dickie, J. 2000. Regions. In G. Moliterno (ed.), Encyclopedia of contemporary Italian culture (pp. 505–507). London/New York: Routledge.![Google Scholar](https://benjamins.com/logos/google-scholar.svg)
Domenico, R. P. 2001. The regions of Italy: A reference guide to history and culture [electronic resource]. Westport: Greenwood Publishing Group.![Google Scholar](https://benjamins.com/logos/google-scholar.svg)
Duranti, A. 2004. Agency in language. In A. Duranti (ed.), A companion to linguistic anthropology (pp. 451–473). Malden, MA: Blackwell.![Google Scholar](https://benjamins.com/logos/google-scholar.svg)
Eckert, P. 1980. Clothing and geography in a suburban high school. In C. P. Kottak (ed.), Researching American culture (pp. 139–145). Ann Arbor: University of Michigan Press.![Google Scholar](https://benjamins.com/logos/google-scholar.svg)
Eckert, P. 2006. Communities of practice. In K. Brown (ed.), Encyclopedia of language and linguistics (pp. 683–685). Oxford/New York: Elsevier. ![DOI logo](https://benjamins.com/logos/doi-logo.svg)
![Google Scholar](https://benjamins.com/logos/google-scholar.svg)
Eckert, P. 2012. Three waves of variation study: The emergence of meaning in the study of sociolinguistic variation. Annual Review of Anthropology 41. 87–100. ![DOI logo](https://benjamins.com/logos/doi-logo.svg)
![Google Scholar](https://benjamins.com/logos/google-scholar.svg)
Ellis, P. D. 2010. The essential guide to effect sizes: Statistical power, meta-analysis, and the interpretation of research results. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. ![DOI logo](https://benjamins.com/logos/doi-logo.svg)
![Google Scholar](https://benjamins.com/logos/google-scholar.svg)
Eurostat 2013. Quick facts on European regions. [URL] (4 February, 2019).
Fairclough, N. 2003. Analysing discourse: Textual analysis for social research. London: Routledge. ![DOI logo](https://benjamins.com/logos/doi-logo.svg)
![Google Scholar](https://benjamins.com/logos/google-scholar.svg)
Farese, G. M. 2015.
Hi vs. ciao: NSM as a tool for cross-linguistic pragmatics. Journal of Pragmatics 85. 1–17. ![DOI logo](https://benjamins.com/logos/doi-logo.svg)
![Google Scholar](https://benjamins.com/logos/google-scholar.svg)
Farese, G. M. 2018. The cultural semantics of address practices. A contrastive study between English and Italian. Lanham, MD: Rowman and Littlefield.![Google Scholar](https://benjamins.com/logos/google-scholar.svg)
Félix-Brasdefer, J. C. 2015. The language of service encounters. A pragmatic-discursive approach. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. ![DOI logo](https://benjamins.com/logos/doi-logo.svg)
![Google Scholar](https://benjamins.com/logos/google-scholar.svg)
Félix-Brasdefer, J. C. & Placencia, M. E. (eds.). 2019. Pragmatic variation in service encounter interactions across the Spanish-speaking world. London: Routledge. ![DOI logo](https://benjamins.com/logos/doi-logo.svg)
![Google Scholar](https://benjamins.com/logos/google-scholar.svg)
Formato, F. 2016. Linguistic markers of sexism in the Italian media: A case study of ministra and ministro
. Corpora 11(3). 371–399. ![DOI logo](https://benjamins.com/logos/doi-logo.svg)
![Google Scholar](https://benjamins.com/logos/google-scholar.svg)
Formentelli, M. & Hajek, J. 2013. Italian L2 address strategies in an Australian university setting: A comparison with L1 Italian and L1 English practice. In B. Peeters, K. Mullan & C. Béal (eds.), Cross-culturally speaking, speaking cross-culturally (pp. 77–106). Newcastle upon Tyne: Cambridge Scholars Press.![Google Scholar](https://benjamins.com/logos/google-scholar.svg)
Formentelli, M. & Hajek, J. 2015. Address in Italian academic interactions: The power of distance and (non)-reciprocity. In C. Norrby & C. Wide (eds.), Address practice as social action: European perspectives (pp. 119–140). Basingstoke/London: Palgrave Macmillan.![Google Scholar](https://benjamins.com/logos/google-scholar.svg)
De Francesco, A. 2012. La palla al piede. Una storia del pregiudizio antimeridionale. Milan: Feltrinelli.![Google Scholar](https://benjamins.com/logos/google-scholar.svg)
Gabrielli, A. (ed.). 2013. Grande dizionario italiano. [URL] (10 May, 2019).
Gavioli, L. 1997. Bookshop service encounters in English and Italian: Notes on the achievement of information and advice. In F. Bargiela-Chiappini & S. Harris (eds.), The languages of business (pp. 136–158). Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press.![Google Scholar](https://benjamins.com/logos/google-scholar.svg)
George, S. 1990. Getting things done in Naples. Action, language and context in discourse description. Bologna: CLUEB.![Google Scholar](https://benjamins.com/logos/google-scholar.svg)
Giles, H., Coupland, J. & Coupland, N. (eds.) 1991. Contexts of accommodation: Developments in applied sociolinguistics. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. ![DOI logo](https://benjamins.com/logos/doi-logo.svg)
![Google Scholar](https://benjamins.com/logos/google-scholar.svg)
Ginsborg, P. 1994. Le regioni italiane. In P. Ginsborg (ed.), Stato dell’Italia. Il bilancio politico, economico, sociale e culturale di un paese che cambia. 180 contributi inediti scritti da più di 100 specialisti (p. 115). Milan: Mondadori.![Google Scholar](https://benjamins.com/logos/google-scholar.svg)
Goffman, E. 1967. On face-work. An analysis of ritual elements in social interaction. In E. Goffman (ed.), Interactional ritual: Essays on face-to-face behaviour (pp. 5–45). New York: Anchor Books.![Google Scholar](https://benjamins.com/logos/google-scholar.svg)
Gurreri, F. 1994. Lazio: i tempi lunghi dell’emancipazione dall’Urbe. In P. Ginsborg (ed.), Stato dell’Italia. Il bilancio politico, economico, sociale e culturale di un paese che cambia. 180 contributi inediti scritti da più di 100 specialisti (pp. 176–181). Milan: Mondadori.![Google Scholar](https://benjamins.com/logos/google-scholar.svg)
Hajek, J. 2012. (Non-)dominant varieties of a (non-)pluricentric language? Italian in Italy and Switzerland. In R. Muhr (ed.), Non-dominant varieties of pluricentric languages. Getting the picture (pp. 155–166). Vienna: Peter Lang.![Google Scholar](https://benjamins.com/logos/google-scholar.svg)
Hajek, J., Kretzenbacher, H. L. & Lagerberg, R. 2013. Towards a linguistic typology of address pronouns in Europe – past and present. In J. Henderson, M. Ritz & C. Rodríguez Louro (eds.), 2012 conference of the Australian Linguistic Society (Perth, 5–7 December 2012) (p. 15). [URL] (10 September, 2019).
Hammermüller, G. 1993. Ist die portugiesische Anredeform o senhor ein Nomen, ein Pronomen oder gar ein Pro-pronomen? In A. Schönberger & M. Scotti-Rosin (Eds.), Einzelfragen der portugiesischen Sprachwissenschaft (Vol. 2) (pp. 33–43). Frankfurt/M: TFM Domus Editoria Europaea.![Google Scholar](https://benjamins.com/logos/google-scholar.svg)
Havu, E. 2006. Traduction française et italienne des termes d’adresse dans The Da Vinci code
. In E. Garavelli, M. Helkkula & O. Välikangas (eds.), Tra Italia e Francia / Entre France et Italie: in honorem Elina Suomela-Härmä (pp. 191–204). Helsinki: Société Néophilologique.![Google Scholar](https://benjamins.com/logos/google-scholar.svg)
Held, G. 2004. Politeness in Italy: The art of self-representation in requests. In L. Hickey & M. Stewart (eds.), Politeness in Europe (pp. 292–305). Clevedon: Multilingual Matters.![Google Scholar](https://benjamins.com/logos/google-scholar.svg)
Hernández-Flores, N. 2004a. La cortesía como la búsqueda del equilibrio de la imagen social. In D. Bravo & A. Briz (eds.), Pragmática sociocultural: estudios sobre el discurso de cortesía en español (pp. 95–108). Barcelona: Ariel Lingüística.![Google Scholar](https://benjamins.com/logos/google-scholar.svg)
Hill, B., Ide, S., Ikuta, S., Kawasaki, A. & Ogino, T. 1986. Universals of linguistic politeness: Quantitative evidence from Japanese and American English. Journal of Pragmatics 10(3). 347–371. ![DOI logo](https://benjamins.com/logos/doi-logo.svg)
![Google Scholar](https://benjamins.com/logos/google-scholar.svg)
Isosävi, J. & Lappalainen, H. 2015. First names at Starbucks: A clash of cultures? In C. Norrby & C. Wide (eds.), Address practice as social action. European perspectives (pp. 97–118). London: Palgrave Macmillan.![Google Scholar](https://benjamins.com/logos/google-scholar.svg)
ISTAT. 2016a. Totale della Popolazione residente al 1° Gennaio 2016 per sesso e stato civile. Provincia: Roma. [URL] (29 July, 2016).![Google Scholar](https://benjamins.com/logos/google-scholar.svg)
ISTAT. 2016b. Totale della Popolazione residente al 1° Gennaio 2016 per sesso e stato civile. Provincia: Viterbo. [URL] (29 July, 2016).![Google Scholar](https://benjamins.com/logos/google-scholar.svg)
ISTAT. 2017. L’uso della lingua italiana, dei dialetti e di altre lingue in Italia. [URL] (10 February, 2018).
Kallmeyer, W. 2003. Sagen Sie bitte du zu mir: Werner Kallmeyer, Soziolinguist am Institut für Deutsche Sprache in Mannheim, über die Kunst der richtigen Anrede. Das Gespräch führte Cosima Schmitt. Die Zeit, 27. [URL] (26 June, 2003).![Google Scholar](https://benjamins.com/logos/google-scholar.svg)
Kerbrat-Orecchioni, C. 1992. Les interactions verbales. (Vol. 2). Paris: A. Colin.![Google Scholar](https://benjamins.com/logos/google-scholar.svg)
Kerbrat-Orecchioni, C. 2005. Politeness in France: How to buy bread politely. In L. Hickey & M. Stewart (eds.), Politeness in Europe (pp. 29–44). Clevedon: Multilingual Matters. ![DOI logo](https://benjamins.com/logos/doi-logo.svg)
![Google Scholar](https://benjamins.com/logos/google-scholar.svg)
Killinger, C. L. 2002. The history of Italy. Wesport: Greenwood Press.![Google Scholar](https://benjamins.com/logos/google-scholar.svg)
Kretzenbacher, H. L., Hajek, J., Lagerberg, R. & Bresin, A. 2013. Address forms in language contact and language conflict: The curious history and remnants of onikání in Czech. Australian Slavonic and East European Studies 27(1–2). 87–103.![Google Scholar](https://benjamins.com/logos/google-scholar.svg)
Kretzenbacher, H. L. & Schüpbach, D. 2015. Communities of addressing practice? Address in Internet forums based in German-speaking countries. In C. Norrby & C. Wide (eds.), Address practice as social action: European perspectives (pp. 33–53). Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan.![Google Scholar](https://benjamins.com/logos/google-scholar.svg)
Labov, W. 1972. Sociolinguistic patterns. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania.![Google Scholar](https://benjamins.com/logos/google-scholar.svg)
Lantolf, J. P. & Thorne, S. L. 2006. Sociocultural theory and the genesis of second language development. Oxford: Oxford University Press.![Google Scholar](https://benjamins.com/logos/google-scholar.svg)
Ledgeway, A. 2015. Varieties in Italy 1. In K. Jungbluth & F. Da Milano (eds.), Manual of deixis in Romance languages (pp. 75–113). Berlin/Boston: Walter de Gruyter. ![DOI logo](https://benjamins.com/logos/doi-logo.svg)
![Google Scholar](https://benjamins.com/logos/google-scholar.svg)
Lepri, L. & Vitali, D. (eds.). 2007. Dizionario Bolognese-Italiano Italiano-Bolognese. Bologna: Pendragon.![Google Scholar](https://benjamins.com/logos/google-scholar.svg)
Lepschy, A. L. & Lepschy, G. 1998. The Italian language today. New York: New Amsterdam Books.![Google Scholar](https://benjamins.com/logos/google-scholar.svg)
Loporcaro, M. 2009. Profilo linguistico dei dialetti italiani. Rome: Laterza.![Google Scholar](https://benjamins.com/logos/google-scholar.svg)
Maiden, M. & Parry, M. (eds.). 1997. The dialects of Italy. London: Routledge.![Google Scholar](https://benjamins.com/logos/google-scholar.svg)
Maiden, M. & Robustelli, C. 2000. A reference grammar of modern Italian. Chicago: NTC.![Google Scholar](https://benjamins.com/logos/google-scholar.svg)
Mariottini, L. 2007. La cortesia. Analisi contrastiva spagnolo-italiano tra teoria e prassi linguistica. Rome: ARACNE.![Google Scholar](https://benjamins.com/logos/google-scholar.svg)
De Mauro, T. 1963. Storia linguistica dell’Italia unita. Bari: Laterza.![Google Scholar](https://benjamins.com/logos/google-scholar.svg)
Merlo, C. 1925. L’Italia dialettale. L’Italia dialettale 1. 12–25.![Google Scholar](https://benjamins.com/logos/google-scholar.svg)
Migliorini, B. 1957. Primordi del lei
. In B. Migliorini (ed.), Saggi linguistici (pp. 187–196). Florence: Le Monnier.![Google Scholar](https://benjamins.com/logos/google-scholar.svg)
Migliorini, B. 1963. Parole nuove. Appendice di dodicimila voci al “Dizionario moderno” di Alfredo Panzini. Milan: Hoepli.![Google Scholar](https://benjamins.com/logos/google-scholar.svg)
Molinelli, P. 2010. Allocutivi, pronomi. In Treccani l’enciclopedia italiana. [URL] (10 September, 2019).
Montanari, M. 2010. L’identità italiana in cucina. Bari: Laterza.![Google Scholar](https://benjamins.com/logos/google-scholar.svg)
Moretti, G. 1987. Umbria. Pisa: Pacini.![Google Scholar](https://benjamins.com/logos/google-scholar.svg)
Musumeci, D. 1991. Ciao, professoressa! A study of forms of address in Italian and its implications for the language classroom. Italica 68(4). 434–456. ![DOI logo](https://benjamins.com/logos/doi-logo.svg)
![Google Scholar](https://benjamins.com/logos/google-scholar.svg)
Nava, P. 1994. Emilia-Romagna: a una svolta la cultura dei servizi. In P. Ginsborg (ed.), Stato dell’Italia. Il bilancio politico, economico, sociale e culturale di un paese che cambia. 180 contributi inediti scritti da più di 100 specialisti (pp. 156–159). Milan: Mondadori.![Google Scholar](https://benjamins.com/logos/google-scholar.svg)
Niculescu, A. 1974. Strutture allocutive, pronominali, reverenziali in italiano. Florence: LS Olschki.![Google Scholar](https://benjamins.com/logos/google-scholar.svg)
Norrby, C. & Kretzenbacher, H. L. 2013. National variation of address in pluricentric languages: The examples of Swedish and German. In A. Soares da Silva (ed.), Pluricentricity: Language variation and sociocognitive dimensions (pp. 243–270). Berlin: De Gruyter Mouton. ![DOI logo](https://benjamins.com/logos/doi-logo.svg)
![Google Scholar](https://benjamins.com/logos/google-scholar.svg)
Norrby, C. & Wide, C. (eds). 2015. Address practice as social action. Basingstoke/London: Palgrave Macmillan.![Google Scholar](https://benjamins.com/logos/google-scholar.svg)
Orlando, A. M. 2015. Permettete una parola, Signora? Il voi allocutivo nell’italiano regionale di Calabria tra rispetto e identità. In F. Fanciullo (ed.), L’Italia dialettale. Rivista di dialettologia italiana (Vol. 76) (pp. 149–162). Pisa: Edizioni ETS.![Google Scholar](https://benjamins.com/logos/google-scholar.svg)
Orozco, L. 2010. La extensión del tuteo en la ciudad de Guadalajara (México). In M. Hummel, B. Kluge & M. Vásquez (eds.), Formas y fórmulas de tratamiento en el mundo hispánico (pp. 771–794). Mexico F.D.: El Colegio de Mexico.![Google Scholar](https://benjamins.com/logos/google-scholar.svg)
De Pascale, S., Marzo, S. & Speelman, D. 2017. Evaluating regional variation in Italian: Towards a change in standard language ideology? In M. Cerruti, C. Crocco & S. Marzo (eds.), Towards a new standard (pp. 118–141). Berlin: De Gruyter Mouton. ![DOI logo](https://benjamins.com/logos/doi-logo.svg)
![Google Scholar](https://benjamins.com/logos/google-scholar.svg)
Pavesi, M. 2011. Exploring the role of address shifts in film translation: An extended illustration from Crash
. In R. Baccolini, D. Chiaro, C. Rundle & S. Whitsitt (eds.), Minding the gap: Studies in linguistic and cultural exchange for Rosa Maria Bollettieri Bosinelli (pp. 111–132). Bologna: Bononia University Press.![Google Scholar](https://benjamins.com/logos/google-scholar.svg)
Pellegrini, G. B. 1977. Carta dei dialetti d’Italia. Pisa: Pacini.![Google Scholar](https://benjamins.com/logos/google-scholar.svg)
Peng, X. 2014. Politeness in restaurants of different grades. Studies in Literature and Language 8(3). 33–39.![Google Scholar](https://benjamins.com/logos/google-scholar.svg)
Petraccone, C. 2000. Le due civiltà. Settentrionali e meridionali nella storia d’Italia dal 1860 al 1914. Rome/Bari: Laterza.![Google Scholar](https://benjamins.com/logos/google-scholar.svg)
Placencia, M. E. 2001. Inequality in address behaviour at public institutions in La Paz, Bolivia. Anthropological Linguistics 43(2). 198–217.![Google Scholar](https://benjamins.com/logos/google-scholar.svg)
Placencia, M. E. 2004. Rapport-building activities in corner shop interactions. Journal of Sociolinguistics 8(2). 215–245. ![DOI logo](https://benjamins.com/logos/doi-logo.svg)
![Google Scholar](https://benjamins.com/logos/google-scholar.svg)
Placencia, M. E. 2011. Regional pragmatic variation. In G. Andersen & K. Aijmer (eds.), Pragmatics of society (pp. 79–113). Berlin: De Gruyter. ![DOI logo](https://benjamins.com/logos/doi-logo.svg)
![Google Scholar](https://benjamins.com/logos/google-scholar.svg)
Placencia, M. E. & Mancera Rueda, A. 2011. “Dame un cortado de máquina, cuando puedas”: estrategias de cortesía en la realización de la transacción central en bares de Sevilla. In C. Fuentes Rodríguez, E. Alcaide Lara & E. Brenes Peña (eds.), Aproximaciones a la (des)cortesía verbal en español (Fondo Hispánico de Linguística y Filología, Vol. 3) (pp. 491–508). Berne: Peter Lang.![Google Scholar](https://benjamins.com/logos/google-scholar.svg)
Radtke, E. 1996. Segnali di cortesia nell’italiano parlato. Romanistik in Geschichte und Gegenwart 2(2). 163–188.![Google Scholar](https://benjamins.com/logos/google-scholar.svg)
Rebelos, M. & Strambi, A. 2009. Address pronouns in Italian CMC exchanges: A ‘good example’ for L2 learners? Italica 86(1). 59–79.![Google Scholar](https://benjamins.com/logos/google-scholar.svg)
Renzi, L. 1993. La deissi personale e il suo uso sociale. Studi di grammatica italiana 15. 347–390.![Google Scholar](https://benjamins.com/logos/google-scholar.svg)
Renzi, L. 1996. “Ma la diga, no xela venezian èla?”. Per una storia delle forme allocutive nei dialetti italiani. In P. Benincà, G. Cinque, T. De Mauro & N. Vincent (eds.), Italiano e dialetti nel tempo. Saggi di grammatica per Giulio C. Lepschy (pp. 259–271). Rome: Bulzoni.![Google Scholar](https://benjamins.com/logos/google-scholar.svg)
Ala-Risku, R. 2013. Tradizione e innovazione del sistema allocutivo italiano in un corpus cinematografico. In E. Suomela-Härmä, J. Härmä & E. Havu (eds.), Représentations des formes d’adresse dans les langues romanes (pp. 201–247). Helsinki: Société Néophilologique.![Google Scholar](https://benjamins.com/logos/google-scholar.svg)
Rohlfs, G. 1968. Grammatica storica dell’italiano e dei suoi dialetti. Vol. 2: Morfologia. Turin: Einaudi.![Google Scholar](https://benjamins.com/logos/google-scholar.svg)
Rosenthal, R. 1966. Experimenter effects in behavioral research. NY: Appleton-Century-Crofts.![Google Scholar](https://benjamins.com/logos/google-scholar.svg)
Rubino, A. 2016. Constructing pseudo-intimacy in an Italo-Australian phone-in radio program. Journal of Pragmatics 103. 33–48. ![DOI logo](https://benjamins.com/logos/doi-logo.svg)
![Google Scholar](https://benjamins.com/logos/google-scholar.svg)
Sabatini, F. & Coletti, V. (eds.). 2013. Il Sabatini Coletti: dizionario essenziale della lingua italiana. [URL] (10 May, 2019).
Savoia, L. 1997. The geographical distribution of the dialects. In M. Maiden & M. Parry (eds.), The Dialects of Italy (pp. 225–34). London: Routledge.![Google Scholar](https://benjamins.com/logos/google-scholar.svg)
Schindler, E. 2013. Kommunikative Ritualität im Gastronomiebereich. Freiburger Arbeitspapiere zur germanistischen Linguistik (11). Freiburg: Germanistische Linguistik, Universität Freiburg.![Google Scholar](https://benjamins.com/logos/google-scholar.svg)
Schneider, K. P. & Placencia, M. E. 2017. (Im)politeness and regional variation. In J. Culpeper, M. Haugh & D. Kádár (eds.), The Palgrave handbook of linguistic (im)politeness (pp. 539–570). London: Palgrave Macmillan. ![DOI logo](https://benjamins.com/logos/doi-logo.svg)
![Google Scholar](https://benjamins.com/logos/google-scholar.svg)
Schüpbach, D., Hajek, J., Warren, J., Clyne, M., Kretzenbacher, H. L. & Norrby, C. 2007. A cross-linguistic comparison of address pronoun use in four European languages: Intralingual and interlingual dimensions. In I. Mushin & M. Laughren (eds.), Selected papers of the 2006 annual meeting of the Australian Linguistic Society, Brisbane, Australia. [URL] (10 May, 2019).
Scollon, R. & Scollon, S. W. 1995. Intercultural communication: A discourse approach. Oxford: Blackwell.![Google Scholar](https://benjamins.com/logos/google-scholar.svg)
Seiter, J. S. 2007. Ingratiation and gratuity: The effect of complimenting customers on tipping behavior in restaurants. Journal of Applied Social Psychology 37. 478–485. ![DOI logo](https://benjamins.com/logos/doi-logo.svg)
![Google Scholar](https://benjamins.com/logos/google-scholar.svg)
Seiter, J. S. & Weger, H. Jr. 2013. Does a customer by any other name tip the same?: The effect of forms of address and customer’s age on gratuities given to food servers in the United States. Journal of Applied Social Psychology 43. 1592–1598. ![DOI logo](https://benjamins.com/logos/doi-logo.svg)
![Google Scholar](https://benjamins.com/logos/google-scholar.svg)
Seiter, J. S., Givens, K. D. & Weger, H., Jr. 2016. The effect of mutual introductions and addressing customers by name on tipping behavior in restaurants. Journal of Hospitality Marketing & Management 25(5). 640–651. ![DOI logo](https://benjamins.com/logos/doi-logo.svg)
![Google Scholar](https://benjamins.com/logos/google-scholar.svg)
Serianni, L. 2000. Gli allocutivi di cortesia. In Accademia della crusca. [URL] (10 May, 2019).
Serianni, L. & Castelvecchi, A. 2006. Grammatica italiana: italiano comune e lingua letteraria. Turin: UTET.![Google Scholar](https://benjamins.com/logos/google-scholar.svg)
Sobrero, A. 1992. Indicazioni stradali: modello urbano e modello rurale. In A. A. Sobrero (ed.), Il dialetto nella conversazione. Ricerche di dialettologia pragmatica (pp. 161–172). Galatina: Congedo.![Google Scholar](https://benjamins.com/logos/google-scholar.svg)
Sobrero, A. 1997. Italianization of the dialects. In M. Maiden & M. Parry (eds.), The dialects of Italy (pp. 412–418). London: Routledge.![Google Scholar](https://benjamins.com/logos/google-scholar.svg)
Sobrero, A. 2015. L’italiano nelle regioni. In M. Salvati & L. Sciolla (eds.), L’Italia e le sue regioni. L’età repubblicana. Vol. 3: Culture (pp. 547–567). Rome: Istituto dell’Enciclopedia italiana.![Google Scholar](https://benjamins.com/logos/google-scholar.svg)
Stefinlongo, A. 2007. Tra Bonolis e Mammuccari. Variazioni mediatiche di codice e registro. In C. Giovanardi & F. Onorati (eds.), Le lingue der monno (pp. 283–293). Rome: Aracne.![Google Scholar](https://benjamins.com/logos/google-scholar.svg)
Suomela-Härmä, E. 2013. Analisi dei questionari italiani. In E. Suomela-Härmä, J. Härmä & E. Havu (eds.), Représentations des formes d’adresse dans les langues romanes (pp. 151–171). Helsinki: Société Néophilologique.![Google Scholar](https://benjamins.com/logos/google-scholar.svg)
Svennevig, J. 1999. Getting acquainted in conversation. A study of initial interactions. Amsterdam/Philadelphia: John Benjamins.![Google Scholar](https://benjamins.com/logos/google-scholar.svg)
Tamburelli, M. 2014. Uncovering the “hidden” multilingualism of Europe: An Italian case study. Journal of Multilingual and Multicultural Development 35(3). 252–270. ![DOI logo](https://benjamins.com/logos/doi-logo.svg)
![Google Scholar](https://benjamins.com/logos/google-scholar.svg)
Telve, S. 2011. Allocutivi [Prontuario]. In Treccani l’enciclopedia italiana. [URL] (10 May, 2019).
Tempesta, I. 1995. Tecniche di rilevamento e procedure d’analisi. Il caso della deissi sociale. In M. T. Romanello & I. Tempesta (Eds.), Dialetti e lingue nazionali: atti del XXVII Congresso della Società di linguistica italiana, Lecce, 28–30 ottobre 1993 (pp. 432–453). Rome: Bulzoni.![Google Scholar](https://benjamins.com/logos/google-scholar.svg)
Teti, V. 1993. La razza maledetta. Origini del pregiudizio antimeridionale. Rome: Manifestolibri.![Google Scholar](https://benjamins.com/logos/google-scholar.svg)
Timm, C. 2001. Das dreigliedrige Allokutionssystem des Italienischen in Neapel. Frankfurt/M: Peter Lang.![Google Scholar](https://benjamins.com/logos/google-scholar.svg)
Tosi, A. 2001. Language and society in a changing Italy. Clevedon: Multilingual Matters.![Google Scholar](https://benjamins.com/logos/google-scholar.svg)
Tropea, G. 1985. I pronomi allocutivi in area catanese. Lingua e storia in Puglia 27. 57–80.![Google Scholar](https://benjamins.com/logos/google-scholar.svg)
Trudgill, P. 1972. Sex, covert prestige and linguistic change in the urban British English of Norwich. Language in Society 1(2). 179–195. ![DOI logo](https://benjamins.com/logos/doi-logo.svg)
![Google Scholar](https://benjamins.com/logos/google-scholar.svg)
Ventola, E. 2005. Revisiting service encounters genre: some reflections. Folia Linguistica 39(1–2). 19–43.![Google Scholar](https://benjamins.com/logos/google-scholar.svg)
Vignuzzi, U. 1994. Il dialetto perduto e ritrovato. In T. De Mauro (ed.), Come parlano gli italiani (pp. 25–33). Scandicci: La Nuova Italia.![Google Scholar](https://benjamins.com/logos/google-scholar.svg)
Vignuzzi, U. 1997. Lazio, Umbria and the Marche. In M. Maiden & M. Parry (eds.), The dialects of Italy (pp. 311–320). London: Routledge.![Google Scholar](https://benjamins.com/logos/google-scholar.svg)
Vitali, D. (ed.). 2005. Dscårret in bulgnaiṡ? Manuale e grammatica del dialetto bolognese. Bologna: Alberto Perdisa.![Google Scholar](https://benjamins.com/logos/google-scholar.svg)
Waltson, J. 2000. Southern question. In G. Moliterno (ed.), Encyclopedia of contemporary Italian culture (pp. 553–554). London/New York: Routledge.![Google Scholar](https://benjamins.com/logos/google-scholar.svg)
Watts, R. J. 2003. Politeness. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. ![DOI logo](https://benjamins.com/logos/doi-logo.svg)
![Google Scholar](https://benjamins.com/logos/google-scholar.svg)
Wenger, E. 1998. Communities of practice. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. ![DOI logo](https://benjamins.com/logos/doi-logo.svg)
![Google Scholar](https://benjamins.com/logos/google-scholar.svg)
Yagil, D. 2008. When the customer is wrong: A review of research on aggression and sexual harassment in service encounters. Aggression and Violent Behavior 13. 141–152. ![DOI logo](https://benjamins.com/logos/doi-logo.svg)
![Google Scholar](https://benjamins.com/logos/google-scholar.svg)