Index

• academic writing91

• acceptability judgment test 32, 36

• appropriateness 13–14, 19, 28, 55, 60, 63–64, 66–67, 73–74, 76–77, 85, 137, 141, 143–147, 149–150, 157, 167, 169–170, 196, 228, 259, 265–268, 289, 291, 294, 297–300
  • see also appropriateness ratings143
  • holistic pragmatic scale161
  • pragmatic appropriateness 141, 146, 170, 196, 259, 268

• argumentation task

• assessment use 291–292

• benchmark 296, 299

• classroom-based research131

• cognitive demands 15, 48, 88, 104, 160, 164, 199, 202–203, 290

• cognitive task complexity 139, 191, 198–199, 202, 209

• coherence 20, 265–266, 268–270, 272–274, 276, 278, 283, 285

• cohesion 20, 265–266, 268–270, 272–274, 276, 278, 283, 285

• collaborative writing task 3, 18, 31, 39, 56, 83–84, 89–91, 93–94, 105, 131

• communicative tasks 4, 29, 218, 248, 259

• comprehensibility 20, 265–266, 269, 272–276, 283, 285

• consciousness raising tasks

• conversation analysis 19, 83–84, 105, 217–218, 226–227, 299

• decision-making task 117, 122, 129, 163

• digital tasks 193, 198, 207

• discourse appropriacy 20, 247–248, 250–251, 253–260, 263

• discourse completion tests 10, 15, 27, 32, 36, 113, 115, 166, 266

• E-mail writing task 168, 170

• engagement 1, 18, 55, 58–59, 65–67, 70–74, 76–77, 93, 208, 266

• expert judgments 19, 164–165, 168, 170, 177, 294
  • see also expert raters 20, 265–266, 269–270, 272, 277

• explicit instruction 28, 59, 115–116, 119, 123, 130, 162

• external modifications 18, 116, 118–120, 123, 125–126, 128

• familiarity 7, 28, 51, 117, 122, 165, 171, 178–179, 187–188, 199–202

• focus on meaning 58, 141, 194, 252

• functional adequacy 20, 265–266, 268–270, 272–279, 282

• generalizability 20, 76, 221, 241, 267, 287–288, 294–295, 301

• genres 85–86, 94, 253

• grammar scale 19, 143, 145, 148–149

• heritage language learner

• illocutionary force 85–86, 91, 93, 104

• implicit instruction 29, 113–116, 138, 140, 162

• imposition 14, 16, 18, 57, 61–63, 67, 70, 75–76, 114, 128, 162–163, 192, 196, 200, 217, 223–224, 227–228, 230–231, 237–239, 249, 290

• information gap 18, 62, 121

• instructed pragmatics 2, 6, 15, 28, 30, 32, 60, 103, 113–114

• intentional reasoning 171–172, 178, 187

• interactional features 4, 19–20, 88–89, 104, 113–114, 118, 131, 163, 217–219, 221–223, 225, 234, 238–241

• interactional pragmatics 19, 85–86, 191, 193–194, 196–199, 202, 207

• intercultural competence195

• interlanguage pragmatics 113–114, 131, 159–161, 163, 165

• internal modifications 18, 116, 118–119, 123, 125–126, 128

• Korean as a foreign language classroom

• Korean honorifics 17, 27–28, 32–37, 39, 41–44, 46–48, 50–51

• Korean pragmatics27

• L2 pragmalinguistic awareness140
  • see also pragmatic awareness 29, 137, 140–141, 152, 202, 295

• L2 writing278
  • see also written L2 performance 265–266, 276
  • written modality 114, 118, 120, 122–123, 129, 271

• language for specific purposes (LSP) assessment

• language-related episodes

• learner perception50

• metapragmatic discussion 10, 13, 17, 25, 55, 59–60, 74, 76–77

• mixed methods design 217–218, 222, 238

• multi-faceted Rasch measurement 19, 217–218, 222, 226, 234

• needs analysis 5, 159, 166–167, 169–171, 188, 191, 193, 198, 203–206, 224, 292

• non-expert raters 20, 265–266, 269–270, 272, 277

• number of elements 163–166, 172, 177–178, 187

• oral modality 114, 118, 120, 122–123, 129, 274, 277
  • see also oral L2 performance270

• participatory structure 18, 55–56, 59–61, 68, 70–71, 74, 76–77

• pedagogical tasks 13, 55, 113–114, 116, 260

• persuasion 18, 83–85, 87, 91, 93, 104

• placed-based augmented reality

• pragmalinguistics 2, 6, 16–17, 28, 30, 163, 199, 248, 259

• pragmatic demands 13, 206–207

• pragmatic development 113, 149, 151, 162–164, 167, 193–195, 198, 207–208, 248

• pragmatic interaction 227, 234, 238

• pragmatic-related episodes

• pre-writing negotiation 83, 95, 98

• raters’ perceptions275

• rating criteria 20, 217–226, 234–241, 245, 267–268, 289, 292, 294, 297

• rating scale 19–20, 46, 144, 159, 253–254, 256, 265–266, 268–270, 272, 276–279

• reasoning demands 18, 83, 89, 91, 94, 98, 103, 139, 143, 163–164, 166, 189, 202

• reliability 20, 124, 144, 174, 176, 236–237, 254, 267–270, 272–274, 277, 287, 294–295, 298–299

• request mitigators 55–56, 60–61, 63–64, 66–67, 70–71, 73–78
  • see also request modifiers 57, 60, 75

• resource-directing 84, 88, 93, 165

• resource-dispersing 88, 165

• rhetorical moves 84–87, 91–94, 103–104

• role-plays 166, 217, 220–225, 235, 237–241

• scale descriptors269

• scale dimensions 269, 272, 274–276

• sociopragmatics 2, 6, 16–17, 28, 30, 163, 199, 205, 248, 259, 296

• Spanish as a foreign language115

• speech act 17, 85–86, 103, 113–114, 120, 122, 139–141, 144, 146–147, 149–151, 157, 162, 167, 170, 190, 207, 245, 253–254, 257–258, 266–267, 269, 275, 299
  • see also speech act of apology 139–140
  • speech act of thanking 149–150
  • Spanish requests 113–115, 122, 130
  • complaint 20, 247, 251–253, 256–257, 294
  • refusal 16, 20, 115, 122, 223–224, 232, 239, 245, 247, 251–252, 254–258
  • advice 20, 152, 169, 207, 247, 251–252, 254, 256–257, 271

• SSARC Model 19, 138, 143, 149, 166, 168, 172, 177, 179

• story completion task 18, 113, 117, 120–123

• synthetic immersive environments195

• task 1 ix, 1–8, 10–20, 27–32, 35–36, 39, 43, 46–47, 51, 55–64, 67–68, 70–77, 83–84, 87–95, 97–105, 113–114, 116–123, 126, 128–131, 137–144, 149, 151, 159–179, 181–182, 188, 191–196, 198–209, 215, 217–224, 226–227, 230, 234, 237–241, 244, 247–260, 263, 265–269, 271–278, 282, 284–285, 287–301

• task characteristics 12, 87, 202, 289–291, 301

• task complexity 6, 13, 15, 18–19, 30, 83–84, 87–91, 93–94, 104–105, 116–117, 137, 139, 143, 159–161, 163–165, 167–168, 170–172, 174–177, 179, 181–182, 191, 198–199, 201–202, 209, 290, 300

• task implementation 12, 30, 57–59, 76, 113, 128, 139, 177

• task modality 18, 113–114, 117–119, 126, 128–129, 131

• task requirements 20, 142, 265–266, 269, 272–277, 282, 285

• task selection 3, 291

• task sequencing 3, 5, 12, 19, 143, 151, 159–161, 165–166, 168, 170, 172–173, 181–182

• task-as-workplan196

• task-based instruction 19, 116–118, 137–138, 142, 249
  • see also task-based language teaching (TBLT) 1, 27, 56, 58–59, 113, 137, 160, 247, 265

• task-based interaction 5, 18, 43, 51, 55, 58–61, 64, 75, 77, 91, 93, 95

• task-based language assessment (TBLA) 20, 265, 287–288

• task-based pragmatics assessment (TBPrA) 289, 300

• task-in-process196

• technology-mediated tasks 191, 193, 198, 209

• telecollaboration 11, 195, 206–207

• validity 19–20, 36, 94, 164, 166, 172, 217–222, 226, 238–241, 267, 287, 294–295, 299

• virtual environment195