Article published In:
Translation and Interpreting Studies: Online-First ArticlesChanges in the translator’s position on the author and readers
A feminist scholar’s peritexts in her translation of Three Guineas
This study explores the evolving perspectives of a Korean feminist translator through a detailed analysis of translatorial peritexts in three editions of Virginia Woolf’s Three Guineas. The first edition is a heavily edited translation tailored for uninitiated readers, featuring omissions of Woolf’s voluminous notes and additions such as chapter summaries and glossaries. The second edition includes a postface written as a letter to Woolf, where the translator critiques Woolf’s feminism and suggests postcolonial feminism as a better framework for Korean women. The final edition is a full translation with an introduction and notes from a renowned scholar, where the translator refrains from critiquing Woolf, focusing instead on expanding Woolf’s ideas and the scholar’s commentary. This study reveals various aspects of paratextuality, such as the variability of translatorial peritexts, tensions between authorial text and translatorial peritext, and the relation of the translator’s peritexts to their perceptions of the author and readers.
Keywords: Virginia Woolf, common reader, postcolonialism, translation paratexts, translatorial peritexts, translator’s positioning
Article outline
- Introduction
- Three Guineas and Woolf’s common reader
- Peritexts in Hyesuk Tae’s translation
- The first edition (1994)
- The second edition (2004)
- The third edition (2007)
- Concluding remarks
- Acknowledgements
- Notes
-
References
Published online: 22 March 2024
https://doi.org/10.1075/tis.23001.lee
https://doi.org/10.1075/tis.23001.lee
References (65)
Primary sources
Secondary Sources
Abou Rached, Ruth. 2017. “Feminist paratranslation as literary activism: Iraqi writer-activist Haifa Zangana in the post-2003 US.” In Feminist Translation Studies: Local and Transnational Perspectives, ed. by Olga Castro and Emek Ergun, 195–207. London: Routledge.
Alvstad, Cecilia. 2012. “The strategic moves of paratexts: World literature through Swedish eyes.” Translation Studies 5(1): 78–94.
Barnaby, Paul. 2002. “Timeline: European reception of Virginia Woolf.” In The Reception of Virginia Woolf in Europe, ed. by Mary Ann Caws and Nicola Luckhurst, xxi–xxxvi. London: Continuum.
. 2020. “Paratexts.” In Routledge Encyclopedia of Translation Studies (3rd edition), ed. by Mona Baker and Gabriela Saldanha, 401–405. London: Routledge.
Brassard, Geneviève. 2016. “Woolf in translation.” In A Companion to Virginia Woolf, ed. by Jessica Berman, 441–452. West Sussex: Wiley Blackwell.
Castro, Olga. 2008. “(Para)translated ideologies in Simone de Beauvoir’s Le Deuxième Sexe: The (para)translator’s role.” In Translation and Censorship in Different Times and Landscapes, ed. by Teresa Seruya and Maria Lin Moniz, 130–146. Newcastle: Cambridge Scholars.
Chung, Myunghee. 2004. “Mediating Virginia Woolf for Korean readers.” In Woolf Across Cultures, ed. by Natalya Reinhold, 95–109. New York: Pace University Press.
Dusinberre, Juliet. 1997. Virginia Woolf’s Renaissance: Woman Reader or Common Reader? London: Palgrave Macmillan.
Genette, Gérard. 1997. Paratexts: Thresholds of Interpretation. Trans. by Jane E. Lewin. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Henry-Tierney, Pauline. 2021. “The many faces of Beauvoir: Paratranslated materiality in Le Deuxième Sexe
.” In Translating Feminism: Interdisciplinary Approaches to Text, Place and Agency, ed. by Maud Anne Bracke, Julia C. Bullock, Penelope Morris and Kristina Schulz, 43–65: London: Palgrave Macmillan.
Hermans, Theo. 2014. “Positioning translators: Voices, views and values in translation.” Language & Literature 23(3): 285–301.
. 2020. “Positioning.” In Routledge Encyclopedia of Translation Studies (3rd edition), ed. by Mona Baker and Gabriela Saldanha, 423–428. London: Routledge.
Humm, Maggie. 2016. “Woolf and the visual.” In A Companion to Virginia Woolf, ed. by Jessica Berman, 291–304. West Sussex: Wiley Blackwell.
Kim, Hee-Kang. 2006. “서구 페미니즘 이론의 동향과 쟁점, 글로벌 맥락에서의 한국 페미니즘에 미치는 의미” [Development of and issues concerning Western feminist theories: Implications for South Korea in a global context]. 21세기 정치학회보 16(2): 27–50.
Kim, Kyung Hye. 2017. “Reframing the victims of WWII through translation: So Far from the Bamboo Grove and Yoko Iyagi
.” Target 29(1): 87–109.
Lee, Aie-Rie and Mikyung Chin. 2007. “The women’s movement in South Korea.” Social Science Quarterly 88(5): 1205–1226.
Lee, Miae. 2006. “작품 해설” [A commentary on the two originals]. In 자기만의 방 [A room of one’s own], trans. by Miae Lee, 470–498. Seoul: Minumsa.
Lee, Sang-Bin. 2020. “Reception and revision of women-related translation paratexts: South Korean cases.” The Translator 26(2): 176–189.
Maher, Brigid. 2016. “‘La Dolce Vita’ meets ‘the Nature of Evil’: The paratextual positioning of Italian crime fiction in English translation.” The Translator 22(2): 176–189.
McCracken, Ellen. 2016. Paratexts and Performance in the Novels of Junot Díaz and Sandra Cisneros. New York: Palgrave Macmillan.
Mills, Jean. 2016. “Woolf and the politics of class.” In A Companion to Virginia Woolf, ed. by Jessica Berman, 219–233. West Sussex: Wiley Blackwell.
Neverow, Vara. 2014. “Documenting fascism in Three Guineas and The Handmaid’s Tale: An examination of Woolf’s textual notes and scrapbooks and Atwood’s ‘Historical Notes.’” In Virginia Woolf and the Common(wealth) Reader, ed. by Helen Wussow and Mary Ann Gillies, 183–189. Liverpool: Liverpool University Press.
Palusci, Oriana. 2012. “Virginia Woolf’s storia parallela: Translating Three Guineas into Italian.” In Translating Virginia Woolf, ed. by Oriana Palusci, 199–214. Bern: Peter Lang.
Park, Hee Jin. 2004. “Translation of Virginia Woolf in Korea.” In Woolf Across Cultures, ed. by Natalya Reinhold, 111–120. New York: Pace University Press.
Park, Yoon-Woo and Sang-Bin Lee. 2023. “페리텍스트(peritext)의 통시적 변화 고찰: 번역서 제2의 성을 기반으로” [A diachronic analysis of peritexts in Korean translations of Simone de Beauvoir’s Le Deuxième Sexe
]. 통번역학연구 27(2): 47–69.
Pears, Pamela. 2015. Front Cover Iconography and Algerian Women’s Writing: Heuristic Implications of the Recto-Verso Effect. Lanham, MD: Lexington Books.
Postalcioglu, Aysenaz. 2016. “Simone de Beauvoir in Turkey: (Her)story of a translational journey.” PhD diss., Universitat Rovira i Virgili.
Qi, Lintao. 2021. “Source text readers as censors in the digital age: A paratextual examination of the English translation of Wuhan Diary
.” Perspectives 31(2): 282–296.
Sami, Hala. 2020. “Bridging the cultural gap: The translation of Simone de Beauvoir into Arabic.” In The Routledge Handbook of Translation, Feminism and Gender, ed. by Luise von Flotow and Hala Kamal, 205–223: London: Routledge.
Schlager, Daniela. 2021. “Translators’ multipositionality, teloi and goals: The case of Harriet Martineau.” In Literary Translator Studies, ed. by Klaus Kaindl, Waltraud Kolb and Daniela Schlager, 199–214. Amsterdam: John Benjamins.
Sharma, Garima. 2020. “An Indian woman’s room of one’s own: A reflection on Hindi translations of Virginia Woolf’s A Room of One’s Own
.” In The Routledge Handbook of Translation, Feminism and Gender, ed. by Luise von Flotow and Hala Kamal, 184–195: London: Routledge.
Shread, Carolyn. 2010. “Decolonizing paratexts: Re-presenting Haitian literature in English translations.” Neohelicon 371: 113–125.
Sicari, Ilaria. 2020. “Paratext as weapon: The role of Soviet criticism in the cultural Cold War.” Translation and Interpreting Studies 15(3): 354–379.
Summers, Caroline. 2013. “
What Remains: The institutional reframing of authorship in translated peritexts.” In Text, Extratext, Metatext and Paratext in Translation, ed. by Valerie Pellatt, 9–32. Cambridge: Cambridge Scholars Publishing.
Tae, Hyesuk. 1994. “책머리에” [Preface]. In 3기니 [Three guineas], trans. by Hyesuk Tae, 5–8. Seoul: Yeoseongsa.
. 1996a. “머리말” [Preface]. In 집안의 천사 죽이기 [Killing the angel in the house], comp. and trans. by Hyesuk Tae (11 essays written by Virginia Woolf), 13–15. Seoul: Dure.
. 1996b. “페미니즘적 읽기의 확산과 이론적 심화” [Promotion of feminist reading and feminist theories]. 외국문학 491: 285–294.
. 2004a. “책머리에” [Preface]. In 3기니 [Three guineas], trans. by Hyesuk Tae, 7–11. Seoul: Jungmyung chulpansa.
. 2004b. “버지니아에게” [Dear Virginia]. In 3기니 [Three guineas], trans. by Hyesuk Tae, 274–288. Seoul: Jungmyung chulpansa.
. 2007. “혜안을 지닌 빼어난 ‘보통 독자’들을 기다리며” [I’m waiting for ‘common readers’ who are marvelous and insightful]. In 3기니 [Three guineas], trans. by Hyesuk Tae, 420–423. Seoul: Ihu chulpansa.
. 2009. “페미니즘으로 모색하는 변혁이론과 운동의 대변환” [A transformation of theory and activism for social change through feminism]. 마르크스주의 연구 6(2): 238–264.
Tahir Gurcağlar, Şehnaz. 2019. “The translator as subject: Literary translator biographies, memoirs and paratexts.” In The Routledge Handbook of Literary Translation, ed. by Kelly Washbourne and Ben Van Wyke, 524–537. London: Routledge.
Tenngart, Paul. 2020. “The dislocated vernacular in translated Swedish working-class fiction.” Interventions 22(3): 382–399.
Thomson-Wohlgemuth, Gaby. 2009. Translation under State Control: Books for Young People in the German Democratic Republic. London: Routledge.
Vanacker, Beatrijs. 2021. Mediating the female transla(u)t(h)orial posture: Elisabeth Wolff-Bekker.” In Literary Translator Studies, ed. by Klaus Kaindl, Waltraud Kolb and Daniela Schlager, 215–232. Amsterdam: John Benjamins.
Walkowitz, Rebecca L. 2013. “For translation: Virginia Woolf, J. M. Coetzee, and transnational comparison.” English Language Notes 51(1): 35–50.
Watts, Richard. 2000. “Translating culture: Reading the paratexts to Aimé Césaire’s Cahier d’un retour au pays natal
.” TTR 13(2): 29–45.
Weissbrod, Rachel. 2016. “T. S. Eliot, Anti-semitism, and Hebrew translation: Image construction through text selection and paratexts.” Translation and Interpreting Studies 11(2): 248–267.
Wisor, Rebecca. 2015. “About face: The Three Guineas photographs in cultural context.” Woolf Studies Annual 211: 1–49.
Yalsharzeh, Reza, Hossein Barati and Akbar Hesabi. 2019. “Dissenting voices: When paratexts clash with texts. Paratextual intervention in Persian translations of texts relating to the Iran-Iraq War.” Meta 64(1): 103–124.
Yi, Hani. 2018. “한국 여성 페미니즘의 역사” [Feminism in South Korea’s modern history]. 경향신문. [URL]. Last accessed 9 June 2023.