Index

Part of

Nonverbal Predication in Amazonian Languages
Edited by Simon E. Overall, Rosa Vallejos and Spike Gildea
[Typological Studies in Language 122] 2018
► pp. 403–403

Index

A

adjective 14–15, 56, 61, 72, 74–76, 79–80, 89–90, 96, 104, 140, 223, 247, 250, 253–256, 328, 330, 340

adverb 3, 5, 7, 12, 40, 56, 60, 63–64, 74, 76, 96–97, 104, 109, 121–124, 128, 129, 134, 206, 224, 230–231, 234–235, 253–254, 360, 369–372, 371, 390–391
- adverbializing derivation 40, 104, 109, 120, 123–124, 129, 371

adverbial clause 232, 234–235, 242

Aguaruna 18, 135 ff, 318 ; see also Awajún

Akawaio 8, 24, 26–27, 40, 365 ff

alternation see Suppletion

Alto Perené 13, 17

Amazonian Linguistic Area 10–11

applicative 41, 144–145, 270, 277

apposition 104–110, 115, 130–132 ; see also Juxtaposition

Arawak 8, 12–13, 17, 19, 25–26, 37, 39, 41, 53, 70, 77, 79–80, 85–86, 89, 95, 164, 186–187, 189

Argentinian Chaco region see Chaco region

article see Determiner

aspect see TAM

associated motion69

attribution 6–8, 24, 36, 38, 54, 59, 61, 72, 80, 89–90, 104–105, 110, 119–121, 128, 130–132, 136, 140, 213, 251, 319, 325, 329, 367

attributive construction 17, 22, 32, 41, 70, 91, 93, 95, 100, 116, 118, 120–121, 130, 166, 173, 211–214, 255–256, 344, 369–370, 391

auxiliary construction 5, 18, 30–31, 156–157, 174, 183–185, 207–208, 329–330, 374

Awajún 18, 20–24, 26–28, 35, 37–39, 41, 135 ; see also Aguaruna

C

Cariban 1, 8, 19–22, 24–27, 35, 37, 40, 103 ff, 358, 365 ff

case 7, 18, 57, 136–140, 155–156, 204, 222, 324, 340
- accusative 18, 137, 139–140, 195, 206, 209
- attributive344
- ergative246
- locative 144, 169, 335
- nominative 18, 38, 137–140, 155–156, 319, 334
- objective171

categorizing function226

Chaco region 11, 263, 266

Chicham 1, 20, 24, 26–27, 35, 37–39, 41, 135–136, 159, 318, 320, 322–324, 333, 335

clause types 2–3, 12, 17, 54, 58–59, 65–66, 68, 72–73, 75–77, 79–80, 137, 144, 149, 159, 322

clause-initial position 56, 65–66, 73, 218–219, 233, 242, 278–279, 357

cleft 36, 240, 374, 384, 386

clitic 15–16, 20, 88–92, 120, 132, 137, 140, 145–147, 149–150, 153, 158, 218–221, 223, 249–253, 268–269, 274, 296, 303, 308, 318–320, 330–331, 342, 346, 348–349, 357–358
- copula 22, 145–147, 149, 152–153, 157–158, 319

cliticization 42, 218, 220–221, 243, 330
- external 220–221
- internal 220–221

collective ownership 298, 303–305

common noun 225, 252

complement 18, 38, 57, 104–105, 107, 111, 113–116, 119–124, 128, 132, 183, 286, 288, 317, 319–321, 324–325, 327–332, 347, 351–354, 356, 359, 369, 380, 382
- complement clause 14, 232, 240, 352
- copula complement 4–5, 43, 46, 138, 140–141, 143, 150, 157, 159, 331
- verbless clause complement 4, 138

constituent order 57, 59, 63, 72, 75–77, 79–80, 86, 92, 109, 113–115, 127, 132, 165, 218, 246, 257, 268, 272, 302, 305, 310, 340, 346

copula 2–5, 7–9, 12–14, 16–26, 28, 30–32, 34–39, 42, 59, 62–63, 66–69, 72, 76–77, 80, 85–88, 90–91, 93, 96–101, 104–106, 108–109, 111–116, 118–120, 122–133, 135–141, 143–159, 165–166, 171–174, 176, 178–180, 182–183, 185–189, 194, 196, 198–212, 214–215, 217–218, 222, 227, 231–233, 242, 248–250, 252–253, 256–257, 264, 268, 272–275, 277–278, 280–282, 285–286, 289–290, 295, 302, 310, 317–321, 324–325, 330–331, 333, 335, 340–341, 365–369, 371–372, 374–380, 382–386, 388–392, 396–401
- bound copula 22–23, 145–147, 149, 152–153, 157–158, 319
- nonverbal copula 4, 12–13, 17, 19–22, 28, 383
- verbal copula 4, 12–13, 17–19, 21, 23, 36, 105, 118, 124–132, 154–155, 214, 321, 335, 396

copula subject see Subject

D

defective 112, 147, 155, 389, 396, 401
- prosidically defective 232, 233

demonstrative 4, 20–21, 27, 53, 56–57, 62, 64, 66, 68, 73–74, 76, 79, 91, 119, 218–219, 224, 227–231, 234, 242, 280–281, 330

demonstrative predicate 27, 74, 228–229, 234

determiner 38, 57, 218–219, 221, 231, 235, 239–240, 242, 268–270, 274, 276, 278
- article 56, 57, 60, 64, 219–221, 223, 228, 232, 365

determiner phrase 268, 278

detransitivizing operation see Valency decreasing

direct 218, 220, 222, 238–239

E

embedded clause 14, 217–218, 222–224, 226–228, 230–232, 234–236, 238, 240, 242

enclitic copula see Copula

endangered language 106, 193, 217, 258, 298

equation 54, 59, 62, 64, 72, 80, 105, 132, 166–167, 199, 214, 236, 251, 265, 319 see also Identity (expression of)
- equational (clause type) 87, 91, 157, 167, 225, 236, 240

equation schema 10, 39, 301

equative construction 6, 24, 59, 61, 66–68, 91, 93, 110, 119–120, 128, 130–132, 136, 143–145, 158–159, 214, 249, 251–252, 257, 296, 301–302, 310–312, 330, 341, 358, 366–367, 369–370, 390–391

ergative alignment 222, 246–247, 340–341, 346, 349, 357–358

evidentiality 157–159, 174, 194–195, 199, 201, 204, 207–208, 214–215, 220

existence schema 10, 296, 301, 305, 311

existential 6, 8–10, 15, 19, 24, 26, 28, 31–35, 37–42, 59, 61–73, 79–81, 86–87, 90–91, 96–100, 110, 128, 131, 136, 143–145, 154–155, 159, 166, 168, 171, 176, 178–179, 183–184, 188, 203, 206–208, 210, 212, 214, 228–231, 249, 251, 253, 255, 257, 264–266, 268, 270–271, 273–291, 295–296, 301, 305–312, 318–319, 321–324, 328, 335, 366, 370, 372–374, 383, 390
- existential genitive 296, 306, 309–312
- existential locative 296, 309–310, 312
- existential topic 296, 307–310, 312
- existential verb 39, 41, 100, 136, 143–145, 154, 159, 203, 206–208, 214, 296, 305–308, 318–319
- negative existential see Negation

F

figure 9, 25, 65, 96–97, 264, 272, 274–277, 279, 282–284

finiteness 22, 83, 136–137, 141, 143, 158, 346–347, 353, 356–358

G

genitive 57, 71, 77, 106, 251–253, 265, 275–279, 284, 288, 291, 296, 301, 305–306, 309–312

genitive schema 275–276, 278, 284, 288, 291, 305

ground 9, 65, 96, 206, 264, 272, 274–276, 279, 282–284

H

Hebrew 20–21, 23

hierarchy 222, 346–347, 350, 354, 357–359

I

identity (expression of) 6–7, 12, 17, 19–20, 34, 59, 67, 87, 91–93, 105, 141, 155, 159, 166–167, 176, 183–184, 186, 189, 237 ; see also Equation

inchoative 28, 37–38, 91, 143–144, 156, 201, 227, 322, 325, 327, 335, 382–383

interrogative 107–108, 112–113, 126–127, 143, 146–147, 149–150, 152–153, 173, 187, 250, 274, 385–388

inverse 218, 220, 222, 238

irrealis 58, 67, 75, 78–79, 99, 270, 273

J

Jivaroan see Chicham

juxtaposition 4, 7, 12–13, 19–21, 23–25, 59–62, 65, 67, 73, 80, 89, 97, 109, 136, 145, 250, 252, 296, 302, 310, 366–368, 371, 390–392 see also Apposition
- juxtaposition predicate 109, 368

K

Kamaiurá 7, 15, 19, 22, 25, 27, 40, 360

Kashibo-Kakataibo 25–26

Kukama-Kukamiria 28, 39–40, 295 ff

L

language contact 164, 185–187, 266–267, 290–291, 360–361

Latin 18–19, 32, 36, 40, 383

lexical classes see Word classes

location 3–4, 6–10, 12–13, 17, 24–26, 28–42, 54, 59, 62–63, 65, 72, 80, 86, 90–91, 96–98, 101, 104–105, 132, 144–145, 169, 189, 206, 228–229, 234, 250–251, 263–266, 272, 275, 278–279, 282, 286, 289–290, 296, 301, 310–311, 319, 333–335

location schema 10, 32, 296, 301, 310–311

locational 3, 8–10, 26, 32, 43, 65, 86–88, 90–91, 96, 99, 101, 144–145, 166, 174, 178, 188, 214, 229–230, 265–266, 268, 275, 279, 282–283, 286, 290, 333, 335, 383

locative adverb 206, 218, 224, 227, 230–231, 234–235, 242, 254, 370, 372

locative argument 137, 144–145, 169, 309–310

locative cognitive model 263–264

locative verb 3–4, 39, 63, 383, 389–390

M

main clause 11, 109, 122, 125, 129, 223, 234, 344, 391
- main-clause predicate 44, 217, 224, 232, 234, 237, 240, 242, 269, 339, 345, 352–353, 356–360

Matacoan266 see also Mataguayan

Mataguayan 38, 40–41, 263 ff

Matses 24–27, 36–37, 392

mood see TAM

motion 69, 179, 228, 288, 319, 334–335, 352
- motion-presentation 59, 65, 68, 80

N

negation 22, 24, 58–59, 65–66, 73–74, 78–79, 86–87, 98–101, 106, 108, 113, 127, 147, 152–153, 179–180, 200, 202, 210, 231, 263, 342–344, 357–358
- negated clauses 14, 151–153, 217–218, 222, 228, 231–232, 234, 236–237, 239, 242
- negative copula 217, 227, 231–233, 281, 289–290, 374
- negative existential 15, 24, 26, 39, 63–64, 67–68, 71, 270–271, 274–275, 277–278, 282, 285–289, 306, 374

nominal predicate 3, 6, 8, 12, 14–15, 18, 22–23, 29–31, 34–36, 38, 55, 57, 60, 67, 69, 76–77, 87, 91–92, 94, 109, 150, 152, 166–169, 176, 189, 194, 214, 218, 225–226, 228–229, 236, 239, 241, 252, 303, 357, 368, 370–372, 382, 390–391 ; see also Predicate nominal

nominalization 29, 31, 35, 37, 55, 57–58, 60, 64, 88, 95, 120, 140, 156–159, 166, 171, 173–174, 176, 179, 182, 189, 194, 196–198, 211, 223, 240, 257, 304, 327, 330, 339–345, 347–353, 357–360

nonverbal copula see Copula

noun 3, 5, 7, 12, 14–17, 22, 30, 32, 39–42, 49, 53–57, 60–61, 65–66, 68–73, 75, 77, 80, 86, 88–95, 99, 104–105, 107–108, 115–116, 119–120, 122, 128–129, 140, 151, 166, 169, 172–174, 195, 197–214, 217–218, 220–227, 233, 235–237, 240–242, 246, 249–253, 255–258, 268–270, 274, 276, 281, 284, 296, 299–300, 302–304, 306–307, 309, 319, 327–328, 330, 334, 341–345, 347–348, 351, 366–367, 369–370, 373, 382, 386, 391
- noun phrase 22, 57, 61, 65–66, 68–69, 75, 77, 90, 104, 107–108, 115–116, 119–120, 128, 169, 209, 211, 213, 249–250, 252, 255–258, 296, 299, 302, 306–307, 309, 319

number 7, 20–21, 23, 62, 66–68, 88, 107, 111, 124–125, 137–140, 147, 153, 195, 202, 207, 222, 228, 230, 251, 285, 302, 347, 366, 376

numeral 54, 56, 61–62, 73–76, 79–80, 144, 249

O

object 10, 18–19, 32, 40, 71, 77–78, 88, 90, 122, 129, 137–141, 145, 209, 212, 246–247, 268, 280–281, 318, 341, 345–347, 351–352, 357, 359
- of applicative 41, 270, 277–278

ownership 297–300, 302–307, 311–312

P

Panare 20–21, 23–24, 35, 40, 367–368, 371–374, 376–377, 379–383, 386–389, 392, 396–397

parts of speech see Word classes

person indexing 3, 13, 55, 58, 62, 65, 73, 75, 77, 79–80, 85–86, 111, 122, 124, 128, 139, 153, 269–270, 350

personal pronouns 4, 57, 66, 218–219, 224, 226, 233–234, 242, 252, 308, 349

Peruvian Amazon297

plural 23, 28, 36, 60–62, 65, 73–74, 76, 79–80, 89, 137, 139, 142, 146–148, 153–155, 172, 197, 200, 202, 204, 209, 212–213, 219, 221, 228, 257, 269, 281, 283, 344, 358, 376

possession 3, 10, 15, 17, 25–26, 28, 31–35, 39–42, 54, 59, 70–72, 80, 88, 91, 93–94, 105, 121–122, 129, 131–132, 144–145, 182, 189, 214, 234, 237, 246, 249–252, 263–266, 268, 272, 274–280, 288–291, 295–297, 299–302, 304–312, 319, 343, 348, 383
- abstract possession 300, 307, 311
- adnominal possession 302, 305–306
- inalienable possession 85, 93–94, 237, 246, 252–253, 281, 296, 300–301, 305, 307, 309, 311, 345, 348–349
- inanimate alienable possession300
- inanimate inalienable possession 300, 309
- permanent possession 300, 305
- physical possession 32, 296, 300–301, 305, 307–309, 311–312
- possessed noun 8, 10, 39, 41, 60, 71, 77, 93–94, 122, 223, 225–226, 229, 237, 240–242, 269, 272, 275–277, 279, 281, 284, 289, 295 ff, 302, 371, 373
- predicative construction299
- topic-possessive 10, 33–34, 93, 275, 279, 307

possessive 7–8, 10, 22, 26, 31–34, 39–42, 57, 69–72, 77, 80–81, 85–86, 90, 93–95, 100–101, 110, 122, 137, 166, 169, 173, 178, 182, 206, 209, 211, 214, 218, 226, 229–230, 240, 249, 251–253, 257, 264–266, 269, 271, 275–281, 284–285, 287–291, 295–297, 299–302, 307–308, 310–312, 319, 347–350, 352, 358, 366–367, 371, 373, 390

possessive predicate 7–8, 10, 22, 26, 32, 34, 39, 41–42, 70–72, 81, 86, 90, 93–94, 101, 166, 218, 226, 371, 373

posture verb 3, 8, 17, 27, 31, 36–38, 104, 156, 178–179, 188–189, 317, 319–321, 323–324, 329–330, 334–335, 382–383, 392

pre-verbal position 15, 18, 57, 78, 218

predicate nominal 6, 59–60, 120, 132, 145, 150, 166–167, 193, 200–201, 225–226, 242, 248–251, 257, 296, 305, 341–342, 353 ; see also Nominal predicate

predicate-initial (constituent order)217 ff

presentational 9, 63, 72, 80, 87

pronominal predicate 218, 231, 233–236, 238, 240

proper inclusion 7, 54, 59–60, 62, 64, 72, 80, 87, 105, 110, 119–120, 122, 128, 131–132, 136, 143–145, 166–167, 199, 214, 319, 325, 366–367, 369–370, 390–391

property-ascribing (function of nominal predicate)226

Q

quantification 54, 58–59, 61–62, 69, 72, 80, 168, 249, 270

quantified existence 59, 65, 69–70, 72, 80

R

reduplication 223–224, 226, 231, 237, 242, 345

relative clause 9, 88, 169, 171, 202, 218, 239–242, 269, 284, 304, 330, 341, 351, 386–388

Russian23

S

schema 10, 32, 39, 41, 70–71, 265, 275–278, 284, 286, 288, 291, 296, 301, 305, 310–311

Sikuani 14, 19, 25–28, 36, 38, 40, 392

source schema 10, 265, 301

Spanish 5, 8, 18, 32, 36, 42, 73, 268, 276, 279, 299, 307, 318, 323, 330, 383

split accusative marking137

split ergativity 340, 346

split intransitivity 77–78, 80–81, 280

subject 3–10, 12–23, 28, 31–32, 34–36, 39–41, 59, 63, 66–67, 70–71, 73–75, 77, 86, 88–95, 97, 104–105, 107, 109–111, 113–116, 119–120, 122, 124, 126, 128, 132, 137–143, 145–149, 151–155, 157–158, 165, 167, 183, 194–198, 200, 202, 204, 206–207, 209, 212, 247, 251, 255, 268, 270, 277, 279–281, 302–304, 307, 317–318, 321, 324–327, 329, 332, 334, 342, 346–347, 350–352, 355, 357, 359–360, 366–369, 371–373, 376, 378, 386–389
- copula subject 18, 67, 138, 143, 321
- verbless clause subject 4, 20, 138–139

subordination 37, 77, 139, 147, 152–153, 156, 171, 194, 196, 208, 239, 255, 284, 307, 341, 347, 352, 380
- subordinate predicate 239–242

suppletion 13, 21, 23 ff, 112, 154–155, 180, 182, 290, 375 ff

Suriname 103, 106, 118, 120, 365

T

TAM 7, 14, 17, 20, 22–23, 36, 57, 59, 61, 65–68, 72–73, 75, 77, 79–80, 95, 106–107, 125, 246, 248, 255, 341–342, 354, 357–358, 366, 375, 380, 382, 389
- aspect 3, 20, 35, 75, 87–90, 93, 124, 129, 131, 141–142, 147, 149, 154, 156, 158, 179, 188, 194–195, 197, 203, 219, 222, 227, 247, 257, 322, 331–332, 341–342, 345, 351, 376, 384, 389–391
- mood 14, 137, 141–143, 146–151, 153, 158, 219–220, 222, 247, 257, 318, 329, 332, 360, 384–385, 389
- tense 3, 14, 20–23, 28, 34, 67, 87, 90, 92–93, 108, 111–112, 124–127, 129–132, 137, 139, 141–143, 146–147, 149, 153–154, 156–158, 194, 197, 201, 203, 207–208, 219, 222, 247–248, 255, 257–258, 281, 303, 306, 318, 322, 328, 330, 332–333, 343, 354, 374, 376, 380, 384, 387, 389–391, 394

temporality 54, 58–59, 64–65, 72, 80, 251

temporary possession 32, 41, 93–94, 295–296, 300–301, 311

tense see TAM

Terêna17

theme 96–97, 204, 264–265, 272, 279, 283, 286

time stability 8, 24–25, 88, 100–101, 132, 169, 208, 211, 270, 390

transitive 13, 18–19, 24, 32, 41, 55, 57, 76–78, 80, 86, 88–89, 92, 98, 104, 137–138, 142, 144–145, 203, 217–218, 220–223, 230, 232, 238–239, 246–248, 280, 320, 340–341, 345–347, 349–352, 356, 358–360
- transitive verb of possession 3, 10, 32, 40–42, 70–71, 145

Trumai 15–16, 23, 36, 41, 360

U

Urarina 18–19

V

valency decreasing 239–241, 359

valency increasing 186, 344 ; see also Applicative

verbless clause 2–4, 20, 62, 67, 76, 86, 91, 104, 136, 138–139, 141, 153–154, 157–159, 319

W

Wayana 40, 367–368, 371–374, 376, 378–380, 382, 387, 390, 400

word classes 2–3, 7, 14, 18, 20, 22, 29, 54–57, 73, 77–81, 88–90, 104, 165, 218, 222–224, 227, 240, 257–258, 268, 369

word order see Constituent order

Y

Yine 13, 19, 77