General index
A
- absolutive distribution214
- accessibility hierarchy
125, 149
- acquisition of grammar217
- adjectival-stative passive
15, 82
- adult 2nd-language pidgin222
- affirmative assertions102
- agency
208, 251, 257, 258, 259, 262
- Álvarez-González, A.
87, 89
- anaphoric distance
47, 48, 49, 61
- anaphoric grounding
126, 128
- anaphoric pronoun
44, 44, 45, 48, 52, 61, 131, 134, 136, 192
- Aristotle
4, 5, 7, 11, 12, 152, 204, 223, 227, 229, 230, 231, 232, 233, 242
- automated processing
151, 171, 172
B
- behavior-and-control properties120
- Bickerton, D.
33, 65, 66, 67, 153, 165, 219
- Bloom, L.
33, 166, 212, 213
- Bloomfield, L.
10, 11, 23, 178, 224
- Bowerman, M.
33, 214, 215, 217
- Broca’s aphasia
203, 217, 223
- Brown, C.
49, 54, 151, 153, 158, 164
C
- Carnap, R.
5, 6, 62, 93, 242, 243
- case-marking post-positions188
- case-role recoverability129
- cataphoric topicality
62, 74
- cataphoric zero
75, 78, 84
- chained clauses
185, 188, 189
- chained equi-subject clauses159
- chain-initial re-orientation devices48
- child vs. adult language166
- Chomsky, N.
10, 23, 36, 37, 98, 119, 137, 152, 172, 176, 177, 178, 201, 203, 267
- clause chaining
131, 133, 162
- clitic anaphoric pronouns191
- cognitive status of negation103
- communication
28, 207, 265
- communicative context
35, 218
- communicative efficacy175
- communicative function
32, 35, 267
- communicative mode
170, 212
- comparative reconstruction224
- competence
98, 152, 168, 177, 267
- complement of cognition-perception verbs
160, 194
- complexity
213, 248, 249, 251
- complex mental structures262
- Comrie, B.
14, 22, 125, 143, 149
- concreteness
248, 249, 250, 252
- contrastive focus
110, 115
- crazy synchronic phonology178
- crazy synchronic syntax199
- cross-language diversity267
- cross-language typological diversity
120, 149
- cross-language typology of rel-clauses129
- cross-turn spreading of utterances215
D
- Darwin, C.
13, 19, 203, 223
- declarative information219
- degree of grammaticalization154
- demonstrative pronouns
132, 140
- developmental trends
152, 170, 223
- diachronic change
188, 267
- diachronic cycle
171, 198
- diachronic typology
15, 78
- diachrony
3, 8, 9, 14, 23, 151, 152, 153, 171, 199, 202, 224
- direct access to knowledge239
- direct-object rel-clauses135
- discontinuous referents57
- discourse coherence
31, 32, 41
- discourse-pragmatic functions
93, 119
- discourse-pragmatic word-order222
- discourse structure
41, 151
- Dixon, R. M. W.
84, 143, 252
E
- early childhood communication
166, 209
- early child language
212, 222
- early communicative modes222
- embedded relative clause156
- embedded verb complements159
- emphatic focus construction133
- emphatic independent pronouns191
- Epicure
229, 230, 231, 232, 240
- episodic memory
211, 220, 266
- equi-subject verb complements
159, 194
- erosion of grammatical morphology171
- evolutionary biology
171, 176, 203
F
- figure
108, 250, 262, 263
- finite verbal-clause prototype136
- first-language acquisition171
- formal written discourse168
- formal written language164
- Frege, G.
62, 93, 241, 242, 243
- frequency definition of information263
- frequency distribution
103, 197
- functional overlap
18, 19
- functional re-analysis
19, 21
- functional similarity
14, 18, 19
G
- generic-cultural knowledge218
- genesis of syntax out of discourse164
- grammatical category-labels34
- grammatical communication223
- grammatical constructions175
- grammaticalization
19, 151, 155, 171, 187, 188, 190, 221, 237
- grammaticalized subject155
- grammatical morphology
153, 166, 170, 171, 221
- grammatical processing164
- grammatical relations
21, 124
- grammatical roles
54, 123
- grammatical sub-systems
35, 36
- Greenberg, J.
23, 78, 175
- Grice, H. P.
102, 263, 265
- ground
108, 250, 262, 263
H
- Halliday, M. A. K.
27, 61
- Hanson, R. N.
226, 228, 264
- Heine, B.
20, 140, 142, 160, 185, 187, 237, 247
- Hellenistic grammarians233
- hierarchic constituency34
- hierarchic organization42
- hierarchic phrase structure170
- hierarchic structure
42, 255
- hierarchic syntactic structures
171, 221
- hierarchy of access to subjecthood124
- hierarchy of topicality124
- Hrdy, S. B.
215, 219, 265
- Hyman, L.
61, 120, 124, 162, 178, 206
I
- indefinite objects
47, 97
- indefinite referent
69, 73
- independent/contrastive pronouns192
- independent object pronouns191
- independent pronouns
44, 46, 47, 192
- independent syntax
151, 152
- indirect-object relativization
127, 128, 135, 138, 148
- informal-oral language164
- information
211, 262, 266
- informational middle ground266
- informational stability210
- Internal Reconstruction175
- interpersonal behavior261
- inter-personal universe261
- irrealis
63, 64, 65, 95, 98, 102, 116, 118
- Itkonen, E.
22, 226, 229, 233, 240, 243, 260
J
- Jespersen, O.
23, 26, 178
K
- Kant, I.
228, 230, 238, 241, 248, 253
- Keenan, E. L.
22, 61, 94, 97, 109, 119, 120, 124, 125, 143, 149, 239
- Keenan-Comrie accessibility hierarchy145
- kin-based social organization210
L
- Lamendella, J.
201, 205, 209, 211
- language evolution
171, 201, 203
- law of the excluded middle94
- L-dislocation
17, 18, 21, 48, 156, 179
- Li, C. N.
16, 83, 124, 158, 162, 163
- logical conditionality260
- Logical Positivism
5, 22, 241
- logical presupposition
94, 101
M
- main-declarative-affirmative-active38
- manipulative speech-acts218
- Mayr, E.
13, 15, 19, 202, 223
- modal-aspectual verbs
190, 194
- mono-propositional coherence218
- mono-propositional discourse
209, 213
- mono-propositional pidgin communication221
- multi-propositional communication30
- multi-propositional discourse
28, 29, 31, 218, 220
N
- natural diachronic changes
189, 193
- natural drift in word-order change222
- naturalness
197, 198, 199
- negation
65, 93, 108, 111, 115, 118
- network of nodes and connections262
- nominalized clausal subject194
- nominalized clauses
137, 193, 194
- nominalized subordinate clauses193
- non-promotional passives
21, 22, 78, 79
- non-referring
65, 68, 73, 95, 98, 246
- non-referring indefinites64
- non-restrictive rel-clauses
128, 139, 141, 184, 185
- numeral-marked indefinites70
O
- object rel-clause
127, 128, 138, 194, 196
- object-topicalizing constructions182
- obligatory participants121
- Ochs, E.
153, 166, 168, 169
- one-dimensional universe253
- ontogeny
152, 171, 199, 202, 205, 224
P
- paratactic two-word clauses220
- parenthetical assertions128
- partial functional overlap184
- passivization
125, 126, 143, 144, 155
- Peirce, C. S.
6, 226, 228
- Pepperberg, I. M.
33, 208
- permanent semantic memory28
- phonological attrition175
- pidgin communication
33, 165, 166
- possessive constructions161
- Possible Worlds Semantics244
- post-posing of subjects182
- post-Socratic epistemological tradition239
- pragmatically-controlled word-order flexibility182
- pragmatically prominent74
- pragmatic middle ground228
- pragmatic philosophy of science6
- pragmatic presupposition
126, 127
- pre-grammatical communication
151, 169, 216
- pre-grammatical L2 Pidgin165
- pre-grammatical pidgin216
- pre-grammatical Pidgin
166, 218
- pre-grammatical pidgin communication214
- pre-grammatical processing
164, 216
- presentative construction
46, 47
- presupposed shared background101
- presupposition
101, 102, 108
- primary grammatical signal34
- Probert, P.
133, 157, 158
- promotional passives
21, 82
- promotion to direct object
125, 146, 147, 148
- pronominal agreement
49, 51, 134, 136
- propositional information
29, 30, 32
- propositional modalities
63, 95, 245
- propositional semantics28
- prototypical nominal slots247
- prototypical verb slot247
- purposive motion
257, 258
R
- realis
63, 64, 65, 95, 96, 98
- referent-coding devices
41, 43
- referential accessibility124
- referential coherence
40, 41, 221
- referential continuity
43, 54, 55, 56, 57
- referential importance124
- referential intent
244, 245
- referring
65, 68, 95, 98, 246
- REF-indefinite head noun129
- relational constraints on relativization144
- Relational Grammar
120, 158, 181, 193
- relative clauses
126, 162, 182, 183, 184
- relativization
126, 143, 146
- restricted territorial range210
- restrictive rel-clause
126, 127, 142
- resultative verb compounds160
- Russell, B.
5, 62, 93, 242, 243, 251, 252
S
- Sankoff, G.
151, 153, 158, 164
- Saussure, F. de
2, 3, 7, 11, 23, 176, 177, 178, 224, 267
- Savage-Rumbaugh, S.
208, 212
- scale of temporal stability253
- Schachter, P.
125, 143, 154, 162, 180
- Schieffelin, B.
166, 214, 215
- scope of negation
95, 108
- semantic bleaching
236, 237
- semantic roles
119, 121, 122, 149
- serial-verb adversive passives83
- serial-verb clauses
162, 185, 188
- serial-verb construction163
- Shibatani, M.
15, 76, 85, 130
- Society of Intimates
116, 170, 209, 211, 218
- socio-cultural context
209, 215
- specific situational knowledge218
- speech-act participants209
- speech acts
118, 212, 209
- spontaneous oral discourse168
- standard of comparison106
- stressed pronouns
46, 49, 53
- structuralism
3, 4, 10, 12, 268
- structural re-adjustment21
- subject agreement
156, 181
- subject rel-clause
127, 128, 138, 196
- subordinate clauses
38, 39, 170, 191, 193, 195
- synchronic aberrations181
- synchrony
8, 9, 14, 23, 199
- syntactic constructions
153, 222
- syntactic/grammaticalized processing216
- syntactic structure
151, 175
- syntactic two-word clauses220
T
- temporal sequentiality260
- temporal stability
248, 249, 252
- tense-aspect markers
190, 191, 237
- tense-aspect renovation
189, 191
- Thompson, S.
16, 83, 136, 154, 158, 160, 162, 163
- three-dimensional universe256
- topicalizing constructions
142, 184
- transformational relation36
- Tucker, D. M.
202, 204, 223
- typological diversity
18, 23, 171
- typology of passive constructions23
U
- Universe of Discourse
62, 63, 67, 243, 244, 245, 246
- unstressed anaphoric pronouns
49, 132
- unstressed clitic pronouns57
V
- van Lawick-Goodall, J.211
- Vennemann, T.
57, 140, 182, 189, 206
- verb-coding of semantic roles148
- verb-coding relativization strategy143
- verb phrase negation
109, 110
- vertical differentiation256
- VP-nominalization passive16
W
- West-Eberhard, M. J.
13, 152, 171, 199, 202, 204, 223, 224
- WH-questions
162, 180, 182
- Wittgenstein, L.
225, 227, 229, 266
- word-order
54, 55, 57, 188
Y
- Y-movement
61, 140, 142, 183, 184, 185, 191, 192
Z
- zero anaphora
44, 45, 53, 54, 61, 74, 130, 131, 161, 221
- zero-anaphora passive
17, 21
- zero-coding of referents223